Search results for "Activity"

Lessons From COVID-19: Physical Exercise Can Improve and Optimize Health Status

2021

The outbreak of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) has caused increasing challenges for healthcare systems globally. The disease spread rapidly from Wuhan to the rest of the world, involving more than 400 million individuals and including more than 5 million deaths. In dealing with the pandemic, China and other countries took protective measures such as promoting social distancing, canceling public gatherings, closing schools, quarantining, and imposing lockdowns. All these measures lead to physical inactivity. Being physically inactive has significant repercussions on the status of physical and mental wellbeing, and it is associated with anxiety, stress, increased chronic disease risk, an…

Change in physical activity and health-related quality of life in old age : a 10-year follow-up study

2019

The aim of the study was to examine the association between change in leisure‐time physical activity (LTPA) and change in health‐related quality of life (HRQoL) and symptoms of depression during a 10‐year follow‐up. This prospective study included 1036 men and women (mean age at baseline = 61.2 years) from the Helsinki Birth Cohort Study. Leisure‐time physical activity was measured with a questionnaire, HRQoL with SF36 and depression symptoms with Beck's depression inventory (BDI). The association between the change in LTPA and change in HRQoL and BDI were investigated with sex‐stratified general linear models adjusted for age, smoking, educational attainment, comorbidity score, and baselin…

Quantum and classical dynamics of heavy quarks in a quark-gluon plasma

2018

We derive equations for the time evolution of the reduced density matrix of a collection of heavy quarks and antiquarks immersed in a quark gluon plasma. These equations, in their original form, rely on two approximations: the weak coupling between the heavy quarks and the plasma, the fast response of the plasma to the perturbation caused by the heavy quarks. An additional semi-classical approximation is performed. This allows us to recover results previously obtained for the abelian plasma using the influence functional formalism. In the case of QCD, specific features of the color dynamics make the implementation of the semi-classical approximation more involved. We explore two approximate…

Genetic Determinants in a Critical Domain of NS5A Correlate with Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Cirrhotic Patients Infected with HCV Genotype 1b

2021

HCV is an important cause of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). HCV NS5A domain-1 interacts with cellular proteins inducing pro-oncogenic pathways. Thus, we explore genetic variations in NS5A domain-1 and their association with HCC, by analyzing 188 NS5A sequences from HCV genotype-1b infected DAA-naïve cirrhotic patients: 34 with HCC and 154 without HCC. Specific NS5A mutations significantly correlate with HCC: S3T (8.8% vs. 1.3%, p = 0.01), T122M (8.8% vs. 0.0%, p &lt

Editorial: Emerging heterocycles as bioactive compounds

2023

Heterocycles represent a privileged scaffold due to their ability to interact with biological systems via heteroatoms. It is no coincidence that every year the Food and Drug Administration approves numerous new drugs that contain at least one heterocyclic system as active pharmacophoric part in their structure. Many heterocyclic compounds with therapeutic properties, including anticancer, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and so on, come from natural sources such as plants and animals, and medicinal chemists very often use them to study their chemical space and improve their biological activity. In fact, several efficient approaches for the formation of aromatic heterocyclic compounds and th…

Interplay of acidity and ionic liquid structure on the outcome of a heterocyclic rearrangement reaction

2021

The study of suitable probe reactions is a powerful tool to investigate the properties of nonconventional solvents such ionic liquids (ILs). In particular, we studied the acid-catalyzed mononuclear rearrangement of heterocycles (MHR) of the Z-phenylhydrazone of 5-amino-3-benzoyl-1,2,4-oxadiazole into the relevant 1,2,3-triazole, in solution of ILs by means of kinetic measurements. We chose as solvents six ILs differing both in the cation and anion, in the presence of five carboxylic and sulfonic acids as catalysts. For a useful comparison, the reaction was also performed in 1,4-dioxane and methanol. In general, the reaction occurs faster in ILs, compared to conventional solvents, according …

Rearrangements of 1,2,4-Oxadiazole: “One Ring to Rule Them All”

2017

[Figure not available: see fulltext.] 1,2,4-Oxadiazoles are heterocycles characterized by low aromaticity and the presence of a weak O–N bond and are widely studied due to their tendency to rearrange into more stable heterocyclic compounds. This review covers literature from the last fifteen years, highlighting the general features of 1,2,4-oxadiazoles and their applications. Regarding the reactivity, the development of classical reactions (thermal and photochemical rearrangements) is presented in terms of synthetic utility and mechanistic insight. Among the relevant rearrangement reactions, the Boulton–Katritzky Rearrangement (BKR), Migration – Nucleophilic Attack – Cyclization (MN…

The Role of 1,3-Dipolar Cycloaddition Reactions in the Design and Synthesis of Complex Heterocyclic Scaffolds with Anti-tumor/Anti-infective Activity

2009

Closed-Loop Acoustic Stimulation During Sleep in Children With Epilepsy: A Hypothesis-Driven Novel Approach to Interact With Spike-Wave Activity and …

2019

Slow waves, the electroencephalographic (EEG) hallmark of deep sleep, can be systematically manipulated by acoustic stimulation: stimulation time-locked to the down phase of slow waves reduces, whereas stimulation time-locked to the up phase increases slow waves. Spike-waves during sleep seem to be related to slow waves, raising the question of whether spike-waves can be systematically influenced by such acoustic stimulation. In five pediatric patients, all-night EEG was recorded, combined with real-time slow wave detection. Throughout the night, acoustic stimulation was performed in a 3 × 5-min-block design (no stimulation—stimulation—no stimulation). Tones were applied time-locked either …

Mismatch, Empowerment, Fatigue or Balance? Four scenarios of physical activity up to 2030 in Finland

2022

Sedentary lifestyles and the lack of physical activity (PA) are a major concern among all age groups, and current generations tend to be less fit than the previous ones in the Western World. At the same time, there is an urgent need to cut transport-related carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. Major gains can be foreseen if current car-centred lifestyles and sedentary behaviour are addressed from an integrated perspective. In this study, we explore future scenarios in the intersections of PA and active lifestyles as well as related environmental and health benefits in Finland. We used a disaggregative Delphi approach to examine the topic. Although frequently used in health-related research, Delp…