Search results for "Adventitia"
showing 10 items of 18 documents
Response to: 'Artery tertiary lymphoid organs in giant cell arteritis are not exclusively located in the media of temporal arteries' by Graver et al
2017
We thank Graver et al 1 for their interest in our recently published article on artery tertiary lymphoid organs (ATLOs) in giant cell arteritis (GCA).2 The authors stained temporal artery biopsies of 21 biopsy-proven GCA patients (71% female, mean duration of disease of 2.3±0.9 months) that fulfilled the 1990 American College of Rheumatology classification criteria with anti-CD20 and anti-CD3 antibodies. On the basis of this experimental approach, they confirmed the presence of ATLOs only in the adventitia of inflamed arteries of GCA patients and not in the media as demonstrated in our study. This statement, however, is not supported in our opinion by the experimental approach chosen …
Physiopathologie des vascularites primitives des gros vaisseaux
2016
Giant cell arteritis (GCA) and Takayasu's arteritis (TA) are two granulomatous vasculitis affecting large arteries that present specific epidemiological and clinical features. Their pathogenesis is not fully understood but major advances have been obtained during the last years, thus allowing the emergence of new therapeutic strategies. GCA and TA develop on a specific genetic background but share some similarities regarding the immunological pathways involved in their pathogenesis. The trigger of these diseases is not clearly identified but it is thought that an infectious agent could activate and lead to the maturation of dendritic cells that are localized in the adventitia of arteries. T…
Immunohistochemical profile of human pancreatic pacinian corpuscles.
2010
To analyze the immunohistochemical profile of the human pancreatic pacinian corpuscles in comparison with that of the cutaneous pacinian corpuscles. In addition, we studied a Pacinilike corpuscle found in the adventitia of a pancreatic artery.We used immunohistochemistry to detect specific antigens for corpuscular constituents, specific antibodies for the identification of Adelta- and C-sensory fibers and for the detection of several growth factor receptors, and some members of the degenerin/epithelial Na channel superfamily of proteins.Approximately 62% of pancreatic pacinian corpuscles have 2 to 10 axonic profiles each enclosed by its own inner core: 1 or 2 of these axonic profiles displa…
Surgical Anatomy of the Rectovaginal Space: Does a Standalone Rectovaginal Septum or Denonvilliers Fascia Exist in Women?
2021
Background Below the anterior peritoneal reflection, the anterior rectal wall and mesorectum are separated from the posterior vaginal wall by a virtual rectovaginal space. In this space, the description of a specific and independent rectovaginal septum as a female counterpart of Denonvilliers fascia has been the subject of debate over the years. Objective The aim of this study is to perform an accurate anatomical study of the rectovaginal area in a cadaveric simulation model of total mesorectal excision to evaluate the possible structures and the dissection planes contained within the rectovaginal space. Design and setting This is a cadaveric study performed at the University of Valencia. P…
Pathogénie de l’artérite à cellules géantes
2012
Giant-cell arteritis (GCA) involves larges arteries, especially aorta and extra-cranial branches of external carotid. Histo-pathological lesions affect all the layers of the artery leading to a segmental and focal panarteritis with a polymorphic cell infiltrate including T cells, macrophages and multinucleated giant cells, a fragmented internal elastic lamina and an intimal hyperplasia. The pathophysiology of GCA is not fully understood. After dendritic cell activation in the adventitia, CD4T cells are recruited in the arterial wall and polarized into Th1 and Th17 cells that produce IFN-γ and IL-17. These cytokines activate macrophages, giant cells and smooth muscle cells inducing vascular …
Versican and collagen-III expression in bronchial and pulmonary muscular arteries in COPD patients
2015
Background: We demonstrated that COPD patients have thicker bronchial and pulmonary muscular arteries (MA) compared with never and non-obstructed smokers. The composition of the extracellular matrix of these altered MA has been not fully described. Objectives: To investigate the expression of versican and collagen-III in bronchial and pulmonary MA in the lungs of mild/moderate COPD patients. Methods: Eighteen mild/moderate COPD subjects (67±8y, FEV 1 : 67±15%pred), 14 non-obstructed smokers (64±8y, FEV 1 : 95±10%pred) and 11 never-smoking controls (CTRL) (51±12y, FEV 1 : 108±15%pred) were studied. Lung tissue obtained during surgery (ethical approval obtained) was used to analyze the expres…
Lymphatic vessels are present in human saccular intracranial aneurysms
2022
AbstractSaccular intracranial aneurysm (sIA) rupture leads to subarachnoid haemorrhage and is preceded by chronic inflammation and atherosclerotic changes of the sIA wall. Increased lymphangiogenesis has been detected in atherosclerotic extracranial arteries and in abdominal aortic aneurysms, but the presence of lymphatic vessels in sIAs has remained unexplored. Here we studied the presence of lymphatic vessels in 36 intraoperatively resected sIAs (16 unruptured and 20 ruptured), using immunohistochemical and immunofluorescence stainings for lymphatic endothelial cell (LEC) markers. Of these LEC-markers, both extracellular and intracellular LYVE-1-, podoplanin-, VEGFR-3-, and Prox1-positive…
Potential Functional Significance of Brain-Type and Muscle-Type Nitric Oxide Synthase I Expressed in Adventitia and Media of Rat Aorta
1999
Abstract —Skeletal muscle and myocardium express μNOS I, an elongated splice variant of neuronal-type nitric oxide (NO) synthase (NOS I), and NOS III, endothelial-type NO synthase, respectively. This study was designed to elucidate whether vascular smooth muscle also contains a constitutively expressed NO synthase isoform. In the rat, μNOS I contains an insert of 102 nucleotides after nucleotide 2865 of the cDNA, yielding a protein of 164 kd. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction with primers flanking this insert and with insert-specific primers indicated that endothelium-denuded rat aorta expresses both brain-type NOS I and μNOS I. RNase protection analyses with an antisense RNA…
Methodological Approach to Use Fresh and Cryopreserved Vessels as Tools to Analyze Pharmacological Modulation of the Angiogenic Growth
2016
The sprouting of new vessels is greatly influenced by the procedure chosen. We sought to optimize the experimental conditions of the angiogenic growth of fresh and cryopreserved vessels cultured in Matrigel with the aim to use this system to analyze the pharmacological modulation of the process. Segments of second-order branches of rat mesenteric resistance arteries, thoracic aorta of rat or mouse, and cryopreserved rat aorta and human femoral arteries were cultured in Matrigel for 7-21 days in different mediums, as well as in the absence of endothelial or adventitia layer. Quantification of the angiogenic growth was performed by either direct measurement of the mean length of the neovessel…
Crystal inclusions in subepithelial fibroblasts of the brood pouch of sea horses (hippocampus kuda)
1968
In the subepithelial connective tissue of the inactive broodpouch of sea horses (Hippocampus kuda), fibroblasts with striking crystal inclusions are described light microscopically and electron microscopically in the tunica adventitia of capillaries. These very electron dense crystals turn out to be hexagonal prisms of heterogeneous structures. Results of the X-ray microanalysis and comparison with other crystalline cell inclusions so far described allow the conclusion that they contain an iron protein stored as crystals. The structure and genesis of these crystals as well as the possible importance of the iron protein for the biology of these animals are discussed.