Search results for "Aging"

State-dependent foraging: lactating voles adjust their foraging behavior according to the presence of a potential nest predator and season

2015

Parental care often produces a trade-off between meeting nutritional demands of offspring and the duties of offspring protection, especially in altricial species. Parents have to leave their young unattended for foraging trips, during which nestlings are exposed to predators. We investigated how rodent mothers of altricial young respond to risk of nest predation in their foraging decisions. We studied foraging behavior of lactating bank voles (Myodes glareolus) exposed to a nest predator, the common shrew (Sorex araneus). We conducted the experiment in summer (high resource provisioning for both species) and autumn (less food available) in 12 replicates with fully crossed factors “shrew pre…

Crop nitrogen monitoring: Recent progress and principal developments in the context of imaging spectroscopy missions

2020

Abstract Nitrogen (N) is considered as one of the most important plant macronutrients and proper management of N therefore is a pre-requisite for modern agriculture. Continuous satellite-based monitoring of this key plant trait would help to understand individual crop N use efficiency and thus would enable site-specific N management. Since hyperspectral imaging sensors could provide detailed measurements of spectral signatures corresponding to the optical activity of chemical constituents, they have a theoretical advantage over multi-spectral sensing for the detection of crop N. The current study aims to provide a state-of-the-art overview of crop N retrieval methods from hyperspectral data…

Problématiques de la nutrition en ophtalmologie – application à la dégénérescence maculaire liée à l’âge

2014

Nutrition in ophthalmology – clinical application to age-related macular degeneration «Let food be your medicine.» This contribution from Hippocrates is still timely addressed, especially in the field of ophthalmology. Observational epidemiology reports close associations between food habits and the risk or prevention of several ocular pathologies such as cataract or Age-related Macular Degeneration (AMD). Anti-oxidant vitamins, minerals and lipids are the nutrients that have been the most widely studied. Interventional epidemiology and experimental works partially corroborated these findings. Unexpectedly, the benefit of long chain omega 3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in the prevention of l…

CT-Determined Maximum Pulmonary Artery to Ascending Aorta Diameter Ratio in Nonsevere COVID-19 Patients

2021

Compact Cell Imaging Device (CoCID) provides insights into the cellular origins of viral infections

2021

The overall CoCID concept is centred on providing virologists with a next-generation imaging device, which, through increased penetration and depth of focus, as well as through high natural contrast and sensitivity to organelle density (including virus-related organelles), will produce higher-fidelity ultrastructural images of whole intact cells. These insights will, in turn, help increase our understanding of the links between the structural reorganisation of cells and the mechanisms of viral entry, replication, assembly, and egress in cells. CoCID will provide this valuable imaging capability in the form of a compact lab-scale device that will greatly improve the accessibility of soft X-r…

O-195 The impact of the COVID-19 outbreak on psychological distress due to the cancellation of ART. A systematic review and meta-analysis

2021

Abstract Study question Is there evidence that infertile patients have been more likely to experience distress during the COVID-19 outbreak with the consequent interruption of treatment plans? Summary answer High levels of psychological distress among infertile patients have been found during the COVID-19 pandemic, greater than that reported in the general population. What is known already Preliminary research on the negative consequences of the COVID-19 outbreak on mental health evidenced heightened levels of anxiety, depression and post-traumatic stress in some clinical populations as well as in community samples. However, little is known about the impact of COVID-19 on psychological dist…

Southern Italy: How the Availability of Radiation Therapy, Patient Outcomes, and Risk to Health Care Providers Have Changed During the Coronavirus Di…

2020

The first actions and provisions in a Southern Italy Department of Radiation Oncology are described at the inception of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Design and implementation of PET detectors based on monolithic crystals and SiPMs

2018

Esta tesis doctoral se centra tanto en el diseño como en la validación experimental de detectores de rayos gamma para escáneres de tomografía por emisión de positrones (PET, del inglés Positron Emission Tomography). El objetivo principal de esta tesis es el diseño de innovadores bloques detectores PET de alto rendimiento. La técnica PET constituye una de las principales herramientas diagnósticas en medicina nuclear, que es una especialidad médica que utiliza sustancias radiactivas con fines diagnósticos y terapéuticos. Esta técnica de imagen médica permite visualizar procesos fisiológicos y bioquímicos del cuerpo humano in vivo, mediante la administración del elemento radiotrazador. Los rad…

The timing of initial imaging in testicular cancer: impact on radiological findings and clinical decision making

2021

Background In testicular cancer determination of clinical stage and recommendation of therapeutic strategy after inguinal orchiectomy are based on primary imaging by CT-scan of the chest and CT- or MRI- abdomen. It has not been investigated so far, whether the imaging should be performed before or after primary testicular surgery. Staging before surgery means exposing all patients to CT radiation irrespective of ensured histologic malignancy while postoperative staging could pose a risk in biased clinical decision making by increased presence of unspecific lymph node enlargement caused by postsurgical effects. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the association between the timing of initial …

Layer-Specific Refinement of Sensory Coding in Developing Mouse Barrel Cortex

2017

Rodent rhythmic whisking behavior matures during a critical period around 2 weeks after birth. The functional adaptations of neocortical circuitry during this developmental period remain poorly understood. Here, we characterized stimulus-evoked neuronal activity across all layers of mouse barrel cortex before, during, and after the onset of whisking behavior. Employing multi-electrode recordings and 2-photon calcium imaging in anesthetized mice, we tested responses to rostro-caudal whisker deflections, axial "tapping" stimuli, and their combination from postnatal day 10 (P10) to P28. Within this period, whisker-evoked activity of neurons displayed a general decrease in layer 2/3 (L2/3) and …