Search results for "Agronomy and Crop Science"
showing 10 items of 1377 documents
Evaluation of fungicides and sterilants for potential application in the management of Fusarium wilt of banana
2007
Publication Inra prise en compte dans l'analyse bibliométrique des publications scientifiques mondiales sur les Fruits, les Légumes et la Pomme de terre. Période 2000-2012. http://prodinra.inra.fr/record/256699; International audience; Fusarium wilt is considered one of the most important diseases of bananas. The disease can only be managed by using resistant cultivars and by preventing its introduction into new fields. The objectives of this study were to evaluate newly available fungicides, in vitro and in vivo, for their efficacy against the responsible pathogen Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense, and to evaluate surface sterilants that could be used for sterilization purposes. Of the fung…
Effects of fusaric acid on cells from tomato cultivars resistant or susceptible toFusarium oxysporum f. sp.Lycopersici
1996
Cell suspension cultures were set up from two tomato cultivars, one resistant, (‘Rio grande’) and one susceptible (‘63.5’) toFusarium oxysporum f. sp.lycopersici. Growth rates of the two cell cultures were comparable. Toxicity of fusaric acid, expressed as the fresh weight loss, was analyzed: It was significant in both cases after 10 h, but toxicity was twice as high for ‘63.5’ suspension cells. In the same way, electrolyte leakage caused by fusaric acid was three times more important for ‘63.5’ suspension cells. Moreover, fusaric acid treatment resulted in an acidification of the extracellular medium for ‘63.5’ suspension cells (0.4 pH unit), whereas an alkalization was observed for ‘Rio g…
Long-term effects of no tillage treatment on soil N availability, N uptake, and 15N-fertilizer recovery of durum wheat differ in relation to crop seq…
2016
Abstract No tillage (NT) soil management has largely been promoted because of its potential to generate both economic and environmental benefits. However, it often leads to reductions in crop yield and quality, which in many cases have been attributed to the effects this technique has on the nitrogen (N) dynamics in the soil–plant system. This 2-year study, performed within a long-term experiment in which NT was continuously applied for over 15 years, aimed to verify whether and to what extent the use of NT affects soil N availability, recovery of 15 N-labeled fertilizer, and N use efficiency (NUE) and its components (N uptake efficiency, NUpE; N utilization efficiency, NUtE). Durum wheat w…
Effects of species and soil-nitrogen availability on root system architecture traits - study on a set of weed and crop species
2017
Better managing crop : weed competition in cropping systems while reducing both nitrogen and herbicide inputs is a real challenge that requires a better understanding of crop and weed root architecture in relation to soil-nitrogen availability. An original approach was used which considered the parameters of a simulation model of root architecture as traits to analyse (a) the interspecific diversity of root system architecture, and (b) its response to soil-nitrogen availability. Two greenhouse experiments were conducted using three crop and nine weed species grown at two contrasted concentrations of soil-nitrogen availability. Plant traits were measured to characterise both overall plant gr…
Absorption, translocation and metabolism of pyridate in a tolerant crop (Zea mays) and two susceptible weeds (Polygonum lapathifolium L. and Chenopod…
1988
Summary Absorption, translocation and metabolism of 14C-pyridate were compared in tolerant maize. moderately susceptible Polygonum lapathifolium and susceptible Chenopodium album. Foliar absorption was limited in all species, but comparatively higher penetration levels were observed in younger leaves of dicotyledonous species. The absorbed radioactivity was not very mobile and translocation appeared mainly sym-plastic. Herbicide selectivity could not be explained on the basis of absorption and transport. Chenopodium and P. lapathifolium degraded pyridate and formed unstable water-soluble conjugates that easily released a phytotoxic metabolite. By contrast, more stable unidentified water-sol…
Prevention of Fusarium head blight infection and mycotoxins in wheat with cut-and-carry biofumigation and botanicals
2020
Fusarium head blight (FHB) is a devastating fungal disease of wheat worldwide causing yield losses and grain contamination with mycotoxins that jeopardise food and feed safety. Field experiments using mulch layers or botanicals were conducted in two consecutive years to investigate prevention measures with the potential to suppress FHB and reduce mycotoxins in wheat. We simulated a system with high disease pressure, i.e. maize-wheat rotation under no-tillage, by applying maize residues artificially inoculated with Fusarium graminearum in field plots after wheat sowing. For mulch layers, a novel cut-and-carry biofumigation approach was employed. Cover crops grown in separate fields were harv…
Protein hydrolysates and mo-biofortification interactively modulate plant performance and quality of ‘canasta’ lettuce grown in a protected environme…
2021
Since the use of protein hydrolysates (PHs) enhances overall plant performance and quality of vegetables, they might be considered as a toll to face a number of concerns essentially associated to the growing request of premium quality foodstuff realized in agreement with eco-friendly agriculture practices. Molybdenum (Mo) is considered a fundamental trace element for human body. Thus, its shortage determines several disorders mainly related to neurological lesion and esophageal cancer. Biofortification of fruiting and leafy vegetables is a promising tool to prevent Mo deficiency in the human diet. The current study was carried out to assess the interactive effect of plant-derived PHs and Mo…
Extending the Shelf Life of White Peach Fruit with 1-Methylcyclopropene and Aloe arborescens Edible Coating
2020
The maintenance of high-quality standards for prolonging the shelf life of fruit and preserving sensory and nutritional quality is a priority for horticultural products. The aim of this work is to test the effectiveness of a single treatment of edible coating based on Aloe arborescens (EC) and a combined treatment of 1-methylcycyclopropene (1-MCP) and edible coating to prolong the shelf life of &ldquo
Evaluation of Late-Maturing Peach and Nectarine Fruit Quality by Chemical, Physical, and Sensory Determinations
2019
In this work, both analytical and sensory determinations were carried out to evaluate the quality of yellow (&lsquo
A secondary mode of action of the herbicide lenacil: Modification of K+ permeability of Acer pseudoplatanus cells
1984
Abstract The action of lenacil on plasmalemma permeability to K+, transmembrane electric potential difference (PD) calculated from the tetraphenylphosphonium distribution, proton extrusion and intracellular pH of Acer pseudoplatanus cells calculated from the 5,5-dimethyloxazolidine,4-dione distribution, was studied and compared with the action of fusicoccin (FC) and diethylstilbestrol (DES). The three compounds temporarily stimulated the rate of 86Rb+ uptake with a half-maximum effect at 5.0 μM for 3-cyclohexyl-6, 7-dihdro-1H-cyclopentapyrimidine-2,4(3H,5H)-dione (lenacil). Lenacil and FC had no action on transmembrane electric potential difference, whereas DES decreased it. Lenacil inhibit…