Search results for "Amide"

showing 10 items of 3119 documents

Global diversity in the TAS2R38 bitter taste receptor: revisiting a classic evolutionary PROPosal

2016

AbstractThe ability to taste phenylthiocarbamide (PTC) and 6-n-propylthiouracil (PROP) is a polymorphic trait mediated by the TAS2R38 bitter taste receptor gene. It has long been hypothesized that global genetic diversity at this locus evolved under pervasive pressures from balancing natural selection. However, recent high-resolution population genetic studies of TAS2Rs suggest that demographic events have played a critical role in the evolution of these genes. We here utilized the largest TAS2R38 database yet analyzed, consisting of 5,589 individuals from 105 populations, to examine natural selection, haplotype frequencies and linkage disequilibrium to estimate the effects of both selectio…

AFRICASELECTION0301 basic medicineLinkage disequilibriumPopulationLocus (genetics)Taste Genetics Evolutionary geneticsBiologyBalancing selectionLinkage DisequilibriumArticleReceptors G-Protein-CoupledEvolution Molecular03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineDatabases GeneticGenetic variationLOCUSHumansPHENYLTHIOCARBAMIDESelection GeneticeducationPOPULATIONVEGETABLESGeneticsGenetic diversityeducation.field_of_studyHUMAN GENETIC DIVERSITY; SENSITIVITY; POPULATION; AFRICA; PTC; PHENYLTHIOCARBAMIDE; VEGETABLES; SELECTION; HUMANS; LOCUSNatural selectionMultidisciplinaryGenetic Variationphenylthiocarbamide (PTC) and 6-n-propylthiouracil (PROP)- TAS2R38 haplotypes-natural selectionPhenylthioureaCorrigendaSettore BIO/18 - GeneticaPTC030104 developmental biologyTAS2R38HaplotypesPropylthiouracilTasteHUMAN GENETIC DIVERSITYSENSITIVITY030217 neurology & neurosurgery
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Metabolic signatures across the full spectrum of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.

2022

Funder: European Commission

ALTtype 2 diabetes mellitusROC receiving operator characteristicaspartate aminotransferaseHSDLDL low-density lipoproteinUHPLC ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatographyROCHCCNon-alcoholic steatohepatitisGCPCANASHGastroenterology2-HB 2-hydroxybutanoic acid; 3-HB 3-hydroxybutanoic acid; ALT alanine aminotransferase; AST aspartate aminotransferase; CE cholesterol ester; Cer ceramide; FFA free fatty acid; FLIP Fatty Liver Inhibition of Progression; Fibrosis; GC gas chromatography; HCC hepatocellular carcinoma; HSD honest significant difference; LC lipid cluster; LDL low-density lipoprotein; LM lipid and metabolite; LMC lipid metabolite and clinical variable; LPC lysophosphatidylcholine; Lipidomics; Mass spectrometry; Metabolomics; NAFL non-alcoholic fatty liver; NAFLD non-alcoholic fatty liver disease; NAS NASH activity score; NASH non-alcoholic steatohepatitis; NIDDK NASH-CRN National Institute of Digestive Diseases and Kidney NASH Clinical Research Network; NRR non-rejection rate; Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis; PC(O) ether PC; PC phosphatidylcholine; PCA principal component analysis; PE phosphatidylethanolamine; QTOFMS quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry; ROC receiving operator characteristic; SAF steatosis activity and fibrosis; SM sphingomyelin; T2DM type 2 diabetes mellitus; TG triacylglycerol; UHPLC ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatographySAFSAF steatosis activity and fibrosisLM lipid and metabolitehonest significant differenceHSD honest significant differenceTG triacylglycerolnon-rejection ratecholesterol esterPCPEGC gas chromatographyfree fatty acidFLIPNASH non-alcoholic steatohepatitisNIDDK NASH-CRN National Institute of Digestive Diseases and Kidney NASH Clinical Research NetworkBIOMARKERST2DMPE phosphatidylethanolamineLDLlipidNAFLDFFA free fatty acid2-HBMetabolomicsNAFL non-alcoholic fatty liverLMCphosphatidylcholineScience & TechnologySM sphingomyelinGastroenterology & HepatologyMass spectrometryactivitynutritional and metabolic diseasesT2DM type 2 diabetes mellitusACIDSreceiving operator characteristicdigestive system diseasesquadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometryLC lipid clusterlow-density lipoproteinNAS2-HB 2-hydroxybutanoic acidNAS NASH activity scoreQTOFMSether PCNRRSCORING SYSTEMprincipal component analysisgas chromatographyLC2-hydroxybutanoic acidPROGRESSIONAST aspartate aminotransferaseLMPC phosphatidylcholinePC(O)MARKERSUHPLCsteatosisTOOLImmunology and AllergyINSULIN-RESISTANCECerSMFatty Liver Inhibition of Progressionhepatocellular carcinoma2-HB 2-hydroxybutanoic acid NIDDK NASH-CRN National Institute of Digestive Diseases and Kidney NASH Clinical Research Network NRR non-rejection rate Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis PC(O) ether PC PC phosphatidylcholine PCA principal component analysis PE phosphatidylethanolamine QTOFMS quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry ROC receiving operator characteristic SAF steatosis activity and fibrosis SM T2DM type 2 diabetes mellitus TG triacylglycerol UHPLC ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatographyultrahigh-performance liquid chromatographyCELPC3-HBNAFLnon-alcoholic fatty liverTGtriacylglycerolNRR non-rejection rateLife Sciences & BiomedicineNAFLD non-alcoholic fatty liver diseaseFLIP Fatty Liver Inhibition of Progressionalanine aminotransferasemetaboliteCer ceramideCE cholesterol estersphingomyelinlysophosphatidylcholineand fibrosisALT alanine aminotransferaseInternal MedicineceramideNational Institute of Digestive Diseases and Kidney NASH Clinical Research NetworkAST3-HB 3-hydroxybutanoic acidQTOFMS quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometryPCA principal component analysisLPC lysophosphatidylcholineHepatologynon-alcoholic fatty liver diseaseand clinical variablePC(O) ether PC3-hydroxybutanoic acidFibrosisNASH activity scoreNIDDK NASH-CRNlipid clusterlipid and metabolitephosphatidylethanolamineLipidomicsLMC lipid metabolite and clinical variableFFAHCC hepatocellular carcinomaJHEP reports : innovation in hepatology
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Cannabinoid type 1 receptor modulates intestinal propulsion by an attenuation of intestinal motor responses within the myenteric part of the peristal…

2007

Cannabinoid-1 (CB1) receptor activation affects gastrointestinal propulsion in vivo. It was our aim to further characterize the involved myenteric mechanisms in vivo and in vitro. In CB1(-/-) mice and wild-type littermates we performed in vivo transit experiments by charcoal feeding and in vitro electrophysiological recordings in mouse small intestinal smooth muscle. Ascending neuronal contraction (ANC) following electrical field stimulation was studied in rat ileum in a partitioned organ bath separating the aboral stimulation site from the oral recording site. The knockout animals displayed an accelerated upper gastrointestinal transit compared to control animals. The CB1 receptor antagoni…

AM251Malemedicine.medical_specialtyCannabinoid receptorPhysiologyPolyunsaturated Alkamidesmedicine.medical_treatmentNeuromuscular JunctionMotilityStimulationArachidonic AcidsBiologyNeuromuscular junctionMembrane PotentialsMiceOrgan Culture TechniquesPiperidinesReceptor Cannabinoid CB1Internal medicineCannabinoid Receptor ModulatorsReflexmedicineAnimalsRNA MessengerIntestinal MucosaRats WistarReceptorMice KnockoutMyoelectric Complex MigratingEndocrine and Autonomic SystemsReverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain ReactionGastroenterologyMuscle SmoothEndocannabinoid systemElectric StimulationRatsIntestinesEndocrinologymedicine.anatomical_structurePyrazolesPeristalsisCannabinoidmedicine.drugEndocannabinoidsNeurogastroenterology and motility : the official journal of the European Gastrointestinal Motility Society
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Effects of fatiguing jumping exercise on mRNA expression of titin-complex proteins and calpains.

2009

Eccentric exercise induced by electrostimulation increases mRNA expression of titin-complex proteins in rodent skeletal muscle. In this study, mRNA expression of titin, muscle LIM protein (MLP), cardiac ankyrin repeat protein (CARP), ankyrin repeat domain protein 2 (Ankrd2), diabetes-related ankyrin repeat protein (DARP), and calcium-activated proteinases, calpains, were investigated in human skeletal muscle after fatiguing jumping exercise. Fatiguing jumping exercise did not change mRNA expression of titin, DARP, calpain 1, or calpain 3. MLP, Ankrd2 and calpain 2 mRNA levels were increased 2 days postexercise. CARP mRNA level was already elevated 30 min and remained elevated 2 days postexe…

ANKRD2AdultMalemedicine.medical_specialtyPhysiologyMuscle ProteinsYoung AdultPhysiology (medical)Internal medicinemedicineMyocyteAnkyrinHumansConnectinRNA MessengerCarpMuscle SkeletalExercisechemistry.chemical_classificationbiologyCalpainSkeletal muscleCalpainbiology.organism_classificationAnkyrin RepeatBiomechanical Phenomenamedicine.anatomical_structureEndocrinologychemistryThighMuscle Fatiguebiology.proteinAnkyrin repeatTitinElectrophoresis Polyacrylamide Gelsense organsStress MechanicalProtein KinasesMuscle ContractionJournal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985)
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Alkamides from Echinacea angustifolia Interact with P-Glycoprotein of Primary Brain Capillary Endothelial Cells Isolated from Porcine Brain Blood Ves…

2013

The blood-brain barrier prevents the passage of toxic compounds from blood circulation into brain tissue. Unfortunately, drugs for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases, brain tumors, and other diseases also do not cross the blood-brain barrier. In the present investigation, we used isolated porcine brain capillary endothelial cells and a flow cytometric calcein-AM assay to analyze inhibition of P-glycoprotein, a major constituent of the blood-brain barrier. We tested 8 alkamides isolated from Echinacea angustifolia and found that four of them inhibited P-glycoprotein-mediated calcein transport in porcine brain capillary endothelial cells.

ATP Binding Cassette Transporter Subfamily BPolyunsaturated AlkamidesSwinePharmaceutical ScienceATP-binding cassette transporterCapillary endothelial cellsPharmacologyBlood–brain barrierEchinaceaAnalytical Chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundDrug DiscoverymedicineAnimalsCells CulturedP-glycoproteinPharmacologyDose-Response Relationship DrugMolecular StructurebiologyEchinacea angustifoliaOrganic ChemistryBrainEndothelial CellsBiological TransportFlow CytometryFluoresceinsbiology.organism_classificationCalceinmedicine.anatomical_structureComplementary and alternative medicinechemistryBlood-Brain BarrierBlood circulationbiology.proteinMolecular MedicinePorcine brainPlanta Medica
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Ag11(SG)7 : A New Cluster Identified by Mass Spectrometry and Optical Spectroscopy

2014

We report a one-step and high yield synthesis of a red-luminescent silver cluster with the molecular formula, Ag11(SG)7 (SG: glutathionate) via reduction of silver ions by sodium borohydride in the presence of the tripeptide, glutathione (GSH). The as-prepared cluster shows prominent absorption features at 485 and 625 nm in its UV-vis absorption spectrum. Aging of the as-prepared cluster solution led to the disappearance of the 625 nm peak, followed by broadening of the 485 nm peak to give three maxima at ?487, 437, and 393 nm in its absorption spectrum. These peaks remain unchanged even after polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE), where a single band was observed confirming high purity…

Absorption spectroscopyta114Electrospray ionizationAnalytical chemistryMass spectrometryAbsorption spectra; Density functional theory; Electrodeposition; Electromagnetic wave absorption; Electrophoresis; Electrospray ionization; Isotopes; Light absorption; Mass spectrometry; Metal ions; Potable water; Spectrometry; Ultraviolet spectroscopy; Absorption features; Electrospray ionization mass spectrometry; High yield synthesis; Molecular formula; Optical spectroscopy; Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis; Sodium boro hydrides; UV-VIS absorption spectra; Absorption spectroscopySurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsIonSodium borohydridechemistry.chemical_compoundGeneral EnergyUltraviolet visible spectroscopychemistryPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryAbsorption (electromagnetic radiation)Spectroscopyta116Journal of Physical Chemistry C
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An in-depth evaluation of acalabrutinib for the treatment of mantle-cell lymphoma

2020

Introduction: Regimens involving intensive immuno-chemotherapy, followed by high-dose therapy and autologous stem cell transplant represent the standard treatment for younger fit patients with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL). Targeted approaches (i.e. ibrutinib, bortezomib, and lenalidomide) represent the backbone of therapy for relapsed cases. Areas covered: Acalabrutinib is a novel small molecule with a butynamide moiety specifically designed to irreversibly inhibit Bruton tyrosine kinase (BTK), which is more potent and selective than ibrutinib. Relevant publications have been identified through literature searches using the terms 'mantle cell lymphoma' and 'acalabrutinib'. Expert opinion: Aca…

Acalabrutinib; BTK; MCL; therapy; Agammaglobulinaemia Tyrosine Kinase; Antineoplastic Agents; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols; Benzamides; Humans; Lymphoma Mantle-Cell; Protein Kinase Inhibitors; PyrazinesOncologymedicine.medical_specialtyLymphomaAntineoplastic AgentsLymphoma Mantle-Cell03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compound0302 clinical medicineimmune system diseaseshemic and lymphatic diseasesInternal medicineAntineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy ProtocolsAgammaglobulinaemia Tyrosine KinaseHumansMedicineBruton's tyrosine kinasePharmacology (medical)Protein Kinase InhibitorsLenalidomidePharmacologytherapy.therapybiologyAcalabrutinibbusiness.industryBortezomibStandard treatmentMCLGeneral MedicineMantle-Cellmedicine.diseaseClinical trialchemistryBTKPyrazines030220 oncology & carcinogenesisIbrutinibBenzamidesbiology.proteinAcalabrutinibMantle cell lymphomabusiness030217 neurology & neurosurgerymedicine.drugExpert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy
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Metabolic shift of polyphosphate-accumulating organisms with different levels of polyphosphate storage

2012

Previous studies have shown that polyphosphate-accumulating organisms (PAOs) are able to behave as glycogen-accumulating organisms (GAOs) under different conditions. In this study we investigated the behavior of a culture enriched with Accumulibacter at different levels of polyphosphate (poly-P) storage. The results of stoichiometric ratios Gly degraded/HAc uptake, PHB synthesized/HAc uptake, PHV synthesized/HAc uptake and P release/HAc uptake confirmed a metabolic shift from PAO metabolism to GAO metabolism: PAOs with high poly-P content used the poly-P to obtain adenosine tri-phosphate (ATP), and glycogen (Gly) to obtain nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) and some ATP. In a test whe…

Accumulibacter Type IIWaste component removalUnclassified drugPhysiologyChemical compositionMicrobial metabolismStorageWastewaterNicotinamide adenine dinucleotidePolyhydroxyalkanoic acidchemistry.chemical_compoundBacteriumBioreactorsPolyphosphatesGlycolysisAnaerobiosisBiomassPolyphosphate-accumulating organismsWaste Management and DisposalAccumulibacter Type IGlycogen accumulating organismPriority journalWater Science and TechnologyFluorescence microscopyPolyhydroxyvalerateSewageGlycogenHydrolysisFluorescence in situ hybridizationEcological ModelingPhosphorusHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationBioaccumulationPollutionStoichiometryWaste treatmentPolyphosphate-accumulating organismsBiodegradation EnvironmentalEnhanced biological phosphorus removalBiochemistryGlycogen-accumulating metabolism (GAM)Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotideAccumulibacter type 1Accumulibacter type 2GlycolysisGlycogenMetabolic Networks and PathwaysAccumulibacterAdenosine triphosphateEnvironmental EngineeringBiologyAcetic acidArticleAssociative storagePolyphosphate-accumulating metabolism (PAM)PolyphosphateGlycogen-accumulating organismsGlycogen-accumulating metabolismsTECNOLOGIA DEL MEDIO AMBIENTEPolyphosphate accumulating organismCivil and Structural EngineeringPolyphosphate-accumulating organisms (PAO)BacteriaPolyphosphateMetabolismIn situ measurementGlycogen-accumulating organisms (GAO)Polyphosphate-accumulating metabolismsNonhumanAmidesCarbonMetabolismchemistryPolyphosphate (poly-P)Bacterial metabolismCell cultureVolatilizationWater Research
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Characterization of particle morphology of biochanin A molecularly imprinted polymers and their properties as a potential sorbent for solid-phase ext…

2014

Abstract Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) with biochanin A as a template were obtained using a bulk polymerization with non-covalent imprinting approach. The polymers were prepared in acetonitrile as porogen, using ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EDMA) as cross-linking agent. The synthesis, with an application of 1′,1′-azobis(cyclohexanecarbonitrile) (ACHN) as an initiator, has been performed thermally. During the synthesis process the effect of different functional monomers such as methacrylic acid (MAA), acrylamide (AA) and 4-vinylpyridine (4-VP) was investigated. The application of nitrogen sorption porosimetry, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Fourier transform infrared spec…

AcetonitrilesMaterials scienceNitrogenPolymersPyridinesEthylene glycol dimethacrylateBioengineeringPolymerizationBiochanin ABiomaterialschemistry.chemical_compoundSpectroscopy Fourier Transform Infraredsolid-phase extractionSolid phase extractionFourier transform infrared spectroscopyChromatography High Pressure Liquidchemistry.chemical_classificationphytoestrogensAcrylamideChromatographySolid Phase ExtractionMolecularly imprinted polymerPolymerGenisteinIsoflavonesCross-Linking ReagentschemistryMethacrylic acidMechanics of MaterialsadsorptionMicroscopy Electron ScanningMethacrylatesmolecular imprintingMolecular imprintingNuclear chemistryMaterials Science & Engineering C-Materials for Biological Applications
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Glycoprotein and ganglioside changes in human trophoblasts after exposure to pulsed doppler ultrasound

1995

Changes in glycoprotein and ganglioside composition in human trophoblasts (eighth week of gestation) after in vitro exposure to pulsed Doppler ultrasound (pulse duration 1.22 microseconds; repetition frequency 11.1 kHz; center frequency 4 MHz; ISPPA = 175.5 W/cm2; ISPTA = 0.59 W/cm2) were investigated. Evacuated trophoblasts were divided in two halves and insonated for 10 min on top of a 6-cm layer of 5% gelatin in 50-mL tubes (Falcon) at 37 degrees C. One half of each trophoblast was sham insonated and served as an internal control. After insonation trophoblasts were maintained at 37 degrees C for 24 h. Glycoproteins were detected using alpha-D-mannose specific lectins from Galanthus nival…

Acoustics and UltrasonicsImmunoblottingBiophysicsMannoseG(M2) Gangliosidechemistry.chemical_compoundGangliosidesLectinsmedicineG(M3) GangliosideHumansRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingGlycoproteinschemistry.chemical_classificationMembrane GlycoproteinsGangliosideGalanthusRadiological and Ultrasound TechnologybiologyChemistryTrophoblastLectinMolecular biologyN-Acetylneuraminic AcidTrophoblastsMolecular WeightMembrane glycoproteinsglycoproteins; gangliosides; lectins; pulsed doppler ultrasoundmedicine.anatomical_structureUltrasonography Doppler PulsedG(M2) GangliosideImmunologySialic Acidsbiology.proteinElectrophoresis Polyacrylamide GelChromatography Thin LayerPlant LectinsGlycoproteinMannoseN-Acetylneuraminic acid
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