Search results for "Androgen"
showing 10 items of 326 documents
Long-term consequences of polycystic ovary syndrome on cardiovascular risk
2009
Most available data suggest that the prevalence of cardiovascular diseases in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is smaller than expected based on risk calculations during fertile years; therefore, more studies are needed on long-term cardiovascular consequences. Evidence is accumulating that postmenopausal women with PCOS have an increased risk of cerebrovascular events and cardiovascular morbidity. These events are partially related to persisting hyperandrogenism but are mostly correlated with excessive body weight (mainly visceral obesity); this suggests that our best long-term strategy is to ensure that women with PCOS are informed about their high risk for metabolic and cardio…
PCOS: metabolic impact and long-term management.
2012
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most frequent endocrinopathy in women, affecting up to 10% of those in reproductive age. Furthermore, PCOS presents a lifetime risk of type II diabetes, cardiovascular diseases and endometrial cancer. Women with PCOS have increased cardiovascular risk; however, the risk is not the same in all patients and it is necessary to assess an individual risk profile. There is a discrepancy between increased cardiovascular risk at young age and postmenopausal number of cardiovascular events, probablu depending on changes in androgen ovarian function after the forties. However, changes with age of metabolic profile in women with PCOS have not been studied yet an…
A 20-year follow-up of young women with polycystic ovary syndrome.
2012
OBJECTIVE: To determine whether hormonal, metabolic, and anthropomorphic parameters change over 20 years in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). METHODS: One hundred ninety-three women with PCOS, aged 20–25 years, were diagnosed according to Rotterdam criteria, divided into four phenotypes (A–D), and followed at 5-year intervals for 20 years. Androgens, gonadotropins, insulin, glucose, body mass index, waist circumference, and ovarian volume were measured. RESULTS: At diagnosis, 57% had classic features (phenotype A), 9% had classic features without ovarian findings (phenotype B), 26% had the ovulatory phenotype (C), and 7% were nonhyperandrogenic (D). After 10 years, androgens decr…
Increased DHEAs levels in PCO syndrome: evidence for the existence of two subgroups of patients
1986
In 49 patients affected by PCO syndrome the serum levels of dehydroepiandroster-one-sulphate (DHEAs) were determined and correlated with the cfinical presentation and the endocrine pattern. Twenty-three patients (47%) had high DHEAs levels (h-DHEAs patients). They presented a milder clinical presentation (low incidence of amenorrhea) than PCO patients with normal DHEAs levels (n-DHEAs patients). In h-DHEAs patients the finding of a normal DHEAs. response to ACTH and of slightly increased 17OHP serum levels suggested that the elevation of serum DHEAs was not due to an adrenal enzymatic deficiency but to a tonic hyperstimulation of the adrenals. Two subgroups of h-DHEAs patients were identifi…
Pituitary-adrenal responses to ovine corticotropin-releasing factor in polycystic ovary syndrome and in other hyperandrogenic patients.
1990
This study was carried out to further characterize the pituitary-adrenal androgen responses of hyperandrogenic patients with 'classic' polycystic ovary syndrome (PCO) and others who were less distinctive and have been called 'PCO-like'. PCO-like patients differed from PCO only in that serum luteinizing hormone (LH) levels were normal and anovulation was not consistent. Ovine corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) resulted in normal responses of adrenocorticotropic hormone and cortisol in the two groups when compared to controls, while androstenedione (delta 4A) and dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) responses were significantly elevated. There were no differences in the responses of PCO and PCO-li…
Ovarian suppression reduces clinical and endocrine expression of late-onset congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency.
1994
Objective To determine the effectiveness of GnRH-agonist (GnRH-a) treatment in women with late onset congenital adrenal hyperplasia. Design Prospective assessment of GnRH-a treatment in six women with documented late-on-set congenital adrenal hyperplasia who were not preselected. Comparisons were made to previous responses in the same patients receiving dexamethasone. Eight age- and weight-matched ovulatory women served as controls. Setting Academic medical center. Intervention Baseline blood determinations before and after IV ACTH, before and after 6months of GnRH-a treatment. Estrogen and progestin replacement was begun in all women after the 3rd month of treatment. Main Outcome Measures …
Reassessment of adrenal androgen secretion in women with polycystic ovary syndrome
1995
Objective To reevaluate the clinical significance of elevations of adrenal androgens in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Methods Thirty women with PCOS and ten ovulatory controls were evaluated. Serum dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) sulfate and 11β-hydroxyandrostenedione were measured before and after 3 and 6 months of GnRH agonist (GnRH-A) therapy. All controls and 15 women with PCOS received intravenous ACTH before and after GnRH-A therapy. Results Twenty-one (70%) of the women with PCOS had elevations of DHEA sulfate, and 16 (53%) had elevations in 11/3-hydroxyandrostenedione. Only two women with PCOS had normal values of both adrenal androgens. After GnRH-A therapy, only 11 subjects (37%…
Refractory Acne and 21-Hydroxylase Deficiency in a Selected Group of Female Patients.
2009
<i>Background:</i> Excessive androgen production, suspected in women when acne is accompanied by hirsutism and menstrual irregularities, may be due to congenital adrenal hyperplasia. This inherited disorder of cortisol biosynthesis is caused in more than 90–95% of all cases by 21-hydroxylase deficiency (21-OHD). The steroid 21-hydroxylase gene <i>(CYP21)</i> has a high degree of variability. <i>Objective:</i> This study was conducted to evaluate <i>CYP21 </i>gene mutations in a selected group of women with papulopustular and comedonal acne refractory to treatment, irregular menses and hirsutism. <i>Methods:</i> 30 out of 61 women e…
Low estradiol-to-testosterone ratio is associated with oligo-anovulatory cycles and atherogenic lipidic pattern in women with polycystic ovary syndro…
2010
The estradiol-to-testosterone (E2/T) ratio has been investigated in different diseases but few in vivo data are available with regard to its role in women with ovary syndrome (PCOS). The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of the E2/T ratio in the ovulatory function and metabolic pattern in such women.We retrospectively evaluated hyperandrogenemia, clinical hyperandrogenism, ovarian morphology, hypothalamo-hypophyseal axis and metabolic syndrome parameters in a cohort of 202 consecutive women affected by PCOS. An oral glucose tolerance test measured areas under the curve for insulin (AUC(2hIRI)), for glucose (AUC(2hglucose)), and the HOMA-IR and Matsuda index of insulin resistance we…
The oligomenorrhoic phenotypes of polycystic ovary syndrome are characterized by a high visceral adiposity index: a likely condition of cardiometabol…
2011
BACKGROUND: Women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) frequently exhibit central obesity, glucose intolerance, atherogenic dys- lipidemia and hypertension, which are characteristic features of a condition of cardiometabolic risk. Our objective was to investigate the relationship between visceral adiposity index (VAI) and phenotypic characteristics in women with PCOS. METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional case-control study in our Endocrinology Outpatients Clinic. A total of 220 women with PCOS (Rotterdam definition) and I44 age- and BMI-matched healthy women were studied. We evaluated hyperandrogenemia and clinical hyperandrogenism, ovarian morphology, hypothalamic-hypophyseal axis and …