Search results for "Animal Model"

showing 10 items of 241 documents

Molecular characterization of Treponema pallidum subsp. pallidum in Switzerland and France with a new multilocus sequence typing scheme

2018

Syphilis is an important public health problem and an increasing incidence has been noted in recent years. Characterization of strain diversity through molecular data plays a critical role in the epidemiological understanding of this re-emergence. We here propose a new high-resolution multilocus sequence typing (MLST) scheme for Treponema pallidum subsp. pallidum (TPA). We analyzed 30 complete and draft TPA genomes obtained directly from clinical samples or from rabbit propagated strains to identify suitable typing loci and tested the new scheme on 120 clinical samples collected in Switzerland and France. Our analyses yielded three loci with high discriminatory power: TP0136, TP0548, and TP…

10207 Department of AnthropologyArtificial Gene Amplification and ExtensionGene mutationPathology and Laboratory MedicineFrance/epidemiologyBiochemistryPolymerase Chain Reactionlaw.inventionSwitzerland/epidemiologylcsh:SciencePhylogenyMammalsBacterialEukaryotaGeneral MedicineMacrolides/pharmacologyMultilocus Sequence Typing/methods3. Good healthBacterial PathogensNucleic acidsMedical MicrobiologyLeporidsMacrolidesAlleles; Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology; DNA Bacterial/genetics; France/epidemiology; Genome Bacterial; Genotype; Globus Pallidus; Macrolides/pharmacology; Multilocus Sequence Typing/methods; Phylogeny; Polymorphism Single Nucleotide; RNA Ribosomal 23S/genetics; Sequence Analysis DNA/methods; Switzerland/epidemiology; Syphilis/epidemiology; Treponema pallidum/geneticsGeneral Agricultural and Biological SciencesSwitzerlandGenotypeSequence analysis030106 microbiologySexually Transmitted Diseases1100 General Agricultural and Biological SciencesGlobus PallidusMicrobiologyAnti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology10127 Institute of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies03 medical and health sciences1300 General Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular Biology23S ribosomal RNAGeneticsTypingSyphilisPolymorphismNon-coding RNAMolecular Biology TechniquesMicrobial PathogensMolecular BiologyAllelesRibosomal1000 MultidisciplinaryGenitourinary Infectionslcsh:ROrganismsBiology and Life SciencesDNATropical DiseasesTreponema pallidum/genetics030104 developmental biologyGenetic LociGeneral Biochemistrylcsh:QMultilocus Sequence Typing0301 basic medicineBacterial DiseasesBacterial/geneticslcsh:MedicineTreponematosesGeographical LocationslawGenotypeMedicine and Health Sciences23S/geneticsTreponema PallidumPolymerase chain reactionGeneticsMultidisciplinaryTreponemaGenome10177 Dermatology ClinicSingle NucleotideAnimal Models10218 Institute of Legal MedicineAnti-Bacterial AgentsDNA/methodsEuropeRNA Ribosomal 23SInfectious DiseasesRibosomal RNAExperimental Organism SystemsVertebratesFranceRabbitsPathogensSequence AnalysisResearch ArticleNeglected Tropical DiseasesDNA BacterialCell biologyCellular structures and organellesUrology610 Medicine & healthGenetics and Molecular BiologyBiologyResearch and Analysis MethodsPolymorphism Single NucleotideAnimalsEuropean Unionddc:613Syphilis/epidemiologySequence Analysis DNAbiology.organism_classificationddc:616.8People and PlacesAmniotesMultilocus sequence typingRNARibosomesGenome BacterialPLoS ONE
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GARP inhibits allergic airway inflammation in a humanized mouse model

2016

Background Regulatory T cells (Treg) represent a promising target for novel treatment strategies in patients with inflammatory/allergic diseases. A soluble derivate of the Treg surface molecule glycoprotein A repetitions predominant (sGARP) has strong anti-inflammatory and regulatory effects on human cells in vitro as well as in vivo through de novo induction of peripheral Treg. The aim of this study was to investigate the immunomodulatory function of sGARP and its possible role as a new therapeutic option in allergic diseases using a humanized mouse model. Methods To analyze the therapeutic effects of sGARP, adult NOD/Scidγc−/− (NSG) mice received peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) …

AdultCD4-Positive T-LymphocytesMale0301 basic medicinehumanized animal modelImmunologyNodProtein Serine-Threonine Kinasespulmonary inflammationT-Lymphocytes RegulatoryPeripheral blood mononuclear cellregulatory T cellsAllergic inflammationMice03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineImmune ToleranceRespiratory HypersensitivitymedicineAnimalsHumansImmunology and AllergyReceptorLungSensitizationInflammationtolerancebiologybusiness.industryReceptor Transforming Growth Factor-beta Type IIMembrane ProteinsPeripheral toleranceAllergensImmunoglobulin EMiddle AgedasthmaDisease Models Animal030104 developmental biologymedicine.anatomical_structure030228 respiratory systemHumanized mouseImmunologybiology.proteinFemaleAntibodybusinessReceptors Transforming Growth Factor betaAllergy
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CD4-mediated regulatory T-cell activation inhibits the development of disease in a humanized mouse model of allergic airway disease

2012

Background Based on their potency to control allergic diseases, regulatory T (Treg) cells represent a promising target for novel strategies to interfere with allergic airway inflammation. We have previously demonstrated that stimulation of the CD4 molecule on human Treg cells activates their suppressive activity in vitro and in vivo . Objective We sought to determine the effect of CD4-mediated Treg-cell activation on pulmonary inflammation in a humanized mouse model of allergic airway inflammation. Methods PBMCs obtained from donors allergic to birch pollen or from healthy donors were injected into NOD-severe combined immunodeficiency γc −/− mice, followed by allergen airway challenges and …

AdultMaleRegulatory T cellAHRImmunologychemical and pharmacologic phenomenaInflammationMice SCIDHIV Envelope Protein gp120pulmonary inflammationmedicine.disease_causeT-Lymphocytes Regulatoryregulatory T cellsMiceImmune systemAllergenRespiratory HypersensitivitymedicineAnimalsHumansImmunology and AllergyImmunodeficiencySensitizationSevere combined immunodeficiencybusiness.industryhemic and immune systemsPneumoniaMiddle Agedrespiratory systemmedicine.diseaseRecombinant ProteinsHumanized animal modelrespiratory tract diseasesDisease Models Animalmedicine.anatomical_structureCD4 AntigensImmunologyHumanized mouseLeukocytes MononuclearFemaleInterleukin-4Bronchial Hyperreactivitymedicine.symptombusinessJournal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
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Synthesis, characterization of diorganotin(IV) complexes of N-(2-hydroxyarylidene)aminoacetic acid and antitumour screening in vivo in ehrlich ascite…

2001

Some new diorganotin(IV) complexes have been prepared by reacting potassium N-(2-hydroxyarylidene)aminoacetate with R2SnCl2(R = Me,nBu,Ph). The complexes have been characterized by 1H,13C,119Sn NMR, IR and 119mSn Mössbauer spectroscopic techniques in combination with elemental analysis. In the solid state, the complexes possess penta- and hexa-coordinated tin centres. The hexa-coordinated tin complexes were found to dissociate in solution, giving rise to penta-coordinated species as revealed by 119Sn NMR spectroscopy. Antitumour screening in vivo of the complexes L4snPh2,L4SnPh2· Ph3SnCl and L4SntBU2·t Bu2SnCl2 (L4 = N-(2-hydroxyacetophenone)aminoacetate) is also reported. Copyright © 2001 …

AldiminesynthesisStereochemistryMossbauer spectroscopyInfrared spectroscopyAntitumour activityanimal cellantineoplastic activitydissociationChemical synthesisMedicinal chemistryEhrlich ascites tumor cellEhrlich ascites carcinomaInorganic Chemistryin vivo studychemistry.chemical_compoundAcetic acidOrganotinmalecomplex formationorganotin compoundcontrolled studyCarboxylateinfrared spectroscopyEhrlich ascites carcinoma cellmouseglycine derivativenuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopychemistry.chemical_classificationSchiff basenonhumananimal modelarticleGeneral ChemistryNuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopysolid stateNMRAmino acidchemistryreaction analysiSettore CHIM/03 - Chimica Generale E InorganicaIRSchiff baseschemical analysi
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The sea urchin embryo: a model to study Alzheimer's beta amyloid induced toxicity.

2009

Abstract Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia. The cause of AD is closely related to the accumulation of amyloid beta peptide in the neuritic plaques. The use of animal model systems represents a good strategy to elucidate the molecular mechanism behind the development of this pathology. Here we use the Paracentrotus lividus embryo to identify molecules and pathways that can be involved in the degenerative process. As a first step, we identified the presence of an antigen related to the human APP, called Pl APP. This antigen, after gastrula stage, is processed producing a polypeptide of about 10 kDa. By immunohistochemistry we localized the Pl APP antigen in some ser…

AmyloidAmyloid betaBiophysicsApoptosisBiochemistryNervous SystemParacentrotus lividusAlzheimer Diseasebiology.animalAnimalsHumansSenile plaquesAntigensMolecular BiologySea urchinCaspaseTUNEL assayAmyloid beta-Peptidesbiologybiology.organism_classificationPeptide FragmentsRecombinant ProteinsCell biologyBiochemistryApoptosisCaspasesModels Animalbiology.proteinParacentrotusParacentrotus lividusAmyloid-betaOligomers Fibrillar aggregatesApoptosisAnimal modelArchives of biochemistry and biophysics
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Successful subretinal delivery and monitoring of MicroBeads in mice

2013

BACKGROUND: To monitor viability of implanted genetically engineered and microencapsulated human stem cells (MicroBeads) in the mouse eye, and to study the impact of the beads and/or xenogenic cells on retinal integrity. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: MicroBeads were implanted into the subretinal space of SV126 wild type mice using an ab externo approach. Viability of microencapsulated cells was monitored by noninvasive retinal imaging (Spectralis™ HRA+OCT). Retinal integrity was also assessed with retinal imaging and upon the end of the study by light and electron microscopy. The implanted GFP-marked cells encapsulated in subretinal MicroBeads remained viable over a period of up to 4 mont…

Anatomy and PhysiologyMouseGreen Fluorescent Proteinslcsh:MedicineEyeRetinaMiceModel OrganismsMolecular Cell BiologyAnimalsHumansInherited Eye DisordersFluorescent Antibody Technique Indirectlcsh:ScienceBiologyMicroscopy ConfocalStem CellsRetinal Degenerationlcsh:RMesenchymal Stem CellsAnimal ModelsImmunohistochemistrySensory SystemsMicrospheresOphthalmoscopyOphthalmologyMicroscopy ElectronMedicineRetinal DisordersSurgerylcsh:QCellular TypesTomography Optical CoherenceResearch ArticleDevelopmental BiologyNeuroscienceStem Cell TransplantationPLoS ONE
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Metabolic impact of adult-onset, isolated, growth hormone deficiency (AOiGHD) due to destruction of pituitary somatotropes.

2011

Growth hormone (GH) inhibits fat accumulation and promotes protein accretion, therefore the fall in GH observed with weight gain and normal aging may contribute to metabolic dysfunction. To directly test this hypothesis a novel mouse model of adult onset-isolated GH deficiency (AOiGHD) was generated by cross breeding rat GH promoter-driven Cre recombinase mice (Cre) with inducible diphtheria toxin receptor mice (iDTR) and treating adult Cre(+/-), iDTR(+/-) offspring with DT to selectively destroy the somatotrope population of the anterior pituitary gland, leading to a reduction in circulating GH and IGF-I levels. DT-treated Cre(-/-), iDTR(+/-) mice were used as GH-intact controls. AOiGHD im…

Anatomy and PhysiologyMousemedicine.medical_treatmentgh deficiencyMiceEndocrinology0302 clinical medicinefactor-iInsulinglucoseAge of OnsetInsulin-Like Growth Factor I2. Zero hunger0303 health scienceseducation.field_of_studyMultidisciplinarypancreatic beta-cellQRAnimal ModelsGHreceptor genehypothalamic expressionmedicine.anatomical_structureCarbohydrate MetabolismIntercellular Signaling Peptides and ProteinsMedicineincreased insulin sensitivityResearch ArticleHeparin-binding EGF-like Growth Factormedicine.medical_specialtymicediet-induced obesityDisfunción metabólicaSomatotropic cellSciencePopulationEndocrine System030209 endocrinology & metabolismBiologyCarbohydrate metabolismGrowth hormone deficiency03 medical and health sciencesModel OrganismsInsulin resistanceAnterior pituitaryreplacement therapyPituitary Gland AnteriorGrowth FactorsInternal medicinemedicineAnimalsObesityeducationBiologyNutrition030304 developmental biologyDiabetic EndocrinologyEndocrine PhysiologyInsulinDiabetes Mellitus Type 2Metabolyc disfunctionmedicine.diseaseHormonesMice Mutant StrainsSomatotrophsProlactinDietRatsDisease Models AnimalEndocrinologyPituitaryGrowth HormoneInsulin ResistanceEnergy IntakeEnergy MetabolismGHDPLoS ONE
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An odor timer in milk? Synchrony in the odor of milk effluvium and neonatal chemosensation in the mouse.

2012

International audience; Mammalian newborns exhibit avid responsiveness to odor compounds emanating from conspecific milk. Milk is however developmentally heterogeneous in composition as a function of both evolved constraints and offspring demand. The present study aimed to verify whether milk odor attractivity for neonates is equally distributed along lactation in Mus musculus (Balb-c strain). Therefore, we exposed pups varying in age to milk samples collected from females in different lactational stages. The pups were assayed at postnatal days 2 (P2), 6 (P6) and 15 (P15) in a series of paired-choice tests opposing either murine milk and a blank (water), or two samples of milk collected in …

Anatomy and PhysiologyTime FactorsMouse[ SDV.AEN ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and NutritionSensory Physiologylcsh:MedicineChoice BehaviorMicefluids and secretionsReproductive PhysiologyLactationFood sciencelcsh:ScienceMice Inbred BALB C0303 health sciencesMultidisciplinaryAnimal BehaviorBehavior Animal05 social sciencesfood and beveragesAnimal ModelsSensory SystemsMammalogyMilkmedicine.anatomical_structureAlimentation et NutritionSensory PerceptionFemaleResearch ArticleOffspringBiologyNeurological System03 medical and health sciencesModel OrganismsAnimal sciencemedicineAnimalsLearningFood and Nutrition0501 psychology and cognitive sciences050102 behavioral science & comparative psychologyBiology030304 developmental biologyOlfactory Systemlcsh:RReproductive SystemAnimals NewbornOdorOdorantslcsh:QZoology[SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and NutritionNeuroscience
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Sex represents a relevant interaction in Sprague–Dawley rats: the example of oesophageal length*

2020

Background: 8-week old Sprague Dawley rats represent the standard rodent model of oesophageal surgery, which is challenging and might be eased by larger oesophageal lengths. Therefore, we aimed to ...

Animal modelOesophageal surgerybusiness.industryGeneral NeuroscienceSprague dawley ratsPhysiologyMedicineRodent modelGeneral Agricultural and Biological SciencesbusinessGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyAll Life
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Diagnostik der akuten Lungenembolie mittels Spiral-CT und 3D-Rekonstruktion

2001

Ziel: Die Entwicklung von Modellen zur Evaluierung der Spiral-CT und 3D-Rekonstruktion im Nachweis der akuten Lungenembolie (LE) im Ex-vivo-Experiment. Material und Methoden: Standardisierte kunstliche Emboli definierter Grose und Geometrie wurden in Schweinelungen eingebracht. Ausgusse der embolisierten Gefasbaume mit rontgenkontrastgebendem Kunstharz simulierten das CT-morphologische Vollbild einer Lungenembolie. Die Bilddaten wurden dreidimensional rekonstruiert und die Exaktheit der detektierten Emboluslokalisation durch Korrelation mit dem Originalpraparat verifiziert. Messungen an technischen Probekorpern mit eingeschlossenen Emboli definierter Grose sollten die Messgenauigkeit der ko…

Animal modelbusiness.industryMedicineRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingImage enhancementNuclear medicinebusinessDer Radiologe
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