Search results for "Applied Physics"

showing 10 items of 1226 documents

First-principles LCAO study of the low and room temperature phases of CdPS$_3$

2020

A.K. is grateful to the Latvian Council of Science project no. lzp-2018/2-0353 for financial support. Institute of Solid State Physics, University of Latvia as the Center of Excellence has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Framework Programme H2020-WIDESPREAD-01-2016-2017-TeamingPhase2 under grant agreement No. 739508, project CAMART2.

Materials sciencePhysics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)Band gapfirst principles calculationsHydrostatic pressurelayered compoundGeneral Physics and AstronomyFOS: Physical sciencesCdPS3Electronic structure01 natural sciences7. Clean energyPressure rangePhase (matter)0103 physical sciences:NATURAL SCIENCES:Physics [Research Subject Categories]010306 general physics010302 applied physicsCondensed Matter - Materials ScienceCondensed matter physicsMaterials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)electronic structurehigh pressureLinear combination of atomic orbitalsDirect and indirect band gapsMonoclinic crystal system
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Thickness-dependent electron momentum relaxation times in iron films

2020

Terahertz time-domain conductivity measurements in 2 to 100 nm thick iron films resolve the femtosecond time delay between applied electric fields and resulting currents. This current response time decreases from 29 fs for thickest films to 7 fs for the thinnest films. The macroscopic response time is not strictly proportional to the conductivity. This excludes the existence of a single relaxation time universal for all conduction electrons. We must assume a distribution of microscopic momentum relaxation times. The macroscopic response time depends on average and variation of this distribution; the observed deviation between response time and conductivity scaling corresponds to the scaling…

Materials sciencePhysics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)FOS: Physical sciences02 engineering and technologyElectronConductivity01 natural sciencesElectric field0103 physical sciencesMesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)Scaling010302 applied physicsMomentum (technical analysis)Condensed Matter - Materials ScienceCondensed matter physics[PHYS.PHYS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale PhysicsRelaxation (NMR)Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)Physik (inkl. Astronomie)021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyThermal conductionCondensed Matter - Other Condensed MatterFemtosecond0210 nano-technologyOther Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
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EPR characterization of erbium in glasses and glass ceramics

2020

Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) is a well-established spectroscopic technique for electronic structure characterization of rare-earth ion impurities in crystalline and amorphous hosts. EPR spectra of erbium-doped glass matrices and nanocomposites can provide information about local structure variations induced by changes in chemical composition or crystallization processes. Characterization possibilities of Er3+ ions in glasses and glass ceramics including direct EPR measurements, indirect investigations via secondary paramagnetic probes, and optically detected magnetic resonance techniques are considered in this article. ----/ / /---- This is the pre-print of the following article: A…

Materials sciencePhysics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)Physics::OpticsGeneral Physics and Astronomychemistry.chemical_elementCondensed Matter::Disordered Systems and Neural Networks01 natural scienceslaw.inventionIonErbiumCondensed Matter::Materials ScienceParamagnetismImpuritylaw0103 physical sciences:NATURAL SCIENCES:Physics [Research Subject Categories]Crystallization010306 general physicsElectron paramagnetic resonanceglass010302 applied physicsglass ceramicsoxyfluorideCharacterization (materials science)Amorphous soliderbiumelectron paramagnetic resonance (EPR)chemistryPhysical chemistry
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In-situ small-angle x-ray scattering study of nanoparticles in the plasma plume induced by pulsed laser irradiation of metallic targets

2012

Import JabRef; International audience; Small angle x-ray scattering was used to probe in-situ the formation of nanoparticles in the plasma plume generated by pulsed laser irradiation of a titanium metal surface under atmospheric conditions. The size and morphology of the nanoparticles were characterized as function of laser irradiance. Two families of nanoparticles were identified with sizes on the order of 10 and 70 nm, respectively. These results were confirmed by ex-situ transmission electron microscopy experiments.

Materials sciencePhysics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)SURFACEAnalytical chemistryNanoparticle02 engineering and technology01 natural scienceslaw.inventionlaw0103 physical sciencesMicroscopy010302 applied physics[PHYS]Physics [physics][PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics][ PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS ] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics][ PHYS ] Physics [physics]ScatteringSmall-angle X-ray scatteringPlasma plumePlasma021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyLaserTransmission electron microscopyTITANIUMSmall-angle scattering0210 nano-technology
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Blistering mechanisms of atomic-layer-deposited AlN and Al2O3 films

2017

Blistering of protective, structural, and functional coatings is a reliability risk pestering films ranging from elemental to ceramic ones. The driving force behind blistering comes from either excess hydrogen at the film-substrate interface or stress-driven buckling. Contrary to the stress-driven mechanism, the hydrogen-initiated one is poorly understood. Recently, it was shown that in the bulk Al-Al2O3 system, the blistering is preceded by the formation of nano-sized cavities on the substrate. The stress-and hydrogen-driven mechanisms in atomic-layer-deposited (ALD) films are explored here. We clarify issues in the hydrogen-related mechanism via high-resolution microscopy and show that at…

Materials sciencePhysics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)Siliconchemistry.chemical_element02 engineering and technologySubstrate (electronics)ceramicsmikroskopia01 natural sciencespiezoelectric filmskeramiikkaStress (mechanics)Atomic layer depositionTHIN-FILMSALUMINUM-OXIDE0103 physical sciencesWATERCRYSTAL-STRUCTURECeramicThin filmComposite materialSILICON010302 applied physicsta213ta114HYDROGEN021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyDIFFUSIONdermatologychemistrythin filmsTransmission electron microscopyvisual_artvisual_art.visual_art_mediummicroscopyGROWTHihotautioppiohutkalvot0210 nano-technologyLayer (electronics)
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Antenna-coupled spintronic terahertz emitters driven by a 1550 nm femtosecond laser oscillator

2019

We demonstrate antenna-coupled spintronic terahertz (THz) emitters excited by 1550 nm, 90 fs laser pulses. Antennas are employed to optimize THz outcoupling and frequency coverage of ferromagnetic/nonmagnetic metallic spintronic structures. We directly compare the antenna-coupled devices to those without antennas. Using a 200 μm H-dipole antenna and an ErAs:InGaAs photoconductive receiver, we obtain a 2.42-fold larger THz peak-peak signal, a bandwidth of 4.5 THz, and an increase in the peak dynamic range (DNR) from 53 dB to 65 dB. A 25 μm slotline antenna offered 5 dB larger peak DNR and a bandwidth of 5 THz. For all measurements, we use a comparatively low laser power of 45 mW from a comme…

Materials sciencePhysics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)Terahertz radiation02 engineering and technology01 natural sciences530law.inventionlawantenna-coupled spintronic terahertz emitterslaser oscillator0103 physical sciencesLaser power scaling010302 applied physicsSpintronicsbusiness.industryDynamic rangePhotoconductivityBandwidth (signal processing)500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::530 Physik::530 Physik021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyLaserFemtosecondOptoelectronicsterahertz emitters0210 nano-technologybusiness
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Enhanced operational stability through interfacial modification by active encapsulation of perovskite solar cells

2020

Encapsulates are, in general, the passive components of any photovoltaic device that provides the required shielding from the externally stimulated degradation. Here we provide comprehensive physical insight depicting a rather non-trivial active nature, in contrast to the supposedly passive, atomic layer deposition (ALD) grown Al2O3 encapsulate layer on the hybrid perovskite [(FA0.83MA0.17)0.95Cs0.05PbI2.5Br0.5] photovoltaic device having the configuration: glass/FTO/SnO2/perovskite/spiro-OMeTAD/Au/(±) Al2O3. By combining various electrical characterization techniques, our experimental observations indicate that the ALD chemistry produces considerable enhancement of the electronic conductiv…

Materials sciencePhysics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)electrical characterizationContinuous operationperovskitesIonic bonding02 engineering and technologyElectronic structurematerials degradation01 natural sciencesAtomic layer depositionPhotovoltaics0103 physical sciencesMaterialsCèl·lules fotoelèctriquesPerovskite (structure)010302 applied physicsbusiness.industry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyDielectric spectroscopycharge transportElectroquímicaphotovoltaicselectrochemical impedance spectroscopyvisual_artElectronic componentsolar cellsvisual_art.visual_art_mediumOptoelectronics0210 nano-technologybusiness
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Optical investigation of the OH− groups in the LiNbO3 doped by copper

2019

Doping ions and OH− groups absorption bands spatial profiles were investigated for the case of congruent LiNbO3 single crystal grown by Czochralski technique. Doping was performed after the crystal...

Materials sciencePhysics::Instrumentation and DetectorsLithium niobateAnalytical chemistryPhysics::Opticschemistry.chemical_element02 engineering and technology01 natural sciencesIonCrystalCondensed Matter::Materials Sciencechemistry.chemical_compoundCondensed Matter::Superconductivity0103 physical sciencesMaterials ChemistryElectrical and Electronic Engineering010302 applied physicsDopantDoping021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter PhysicsCopperElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialschemistryControl and Systems EngineeringCeramics and CompositesCondensed Matter::Strongly Correlated ElectronsAbsorption (chemistry)0210 nano-technologySingle crystalIntegrated Ferroelectrics
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Thermo-optic control of dielectric-loaded plasmonic Mach-Zehnder interferometers and directional coupler switches

2012

We report detailed experimental studies of compact fiber-coupled dielectric-loaded plasmonic waveguide components-Mach-Zehnder interferometers (MZIs) and directional couplers (DCs)-whose operation at telecom wavelengths is controlled via the thermo-optic effect by electrically heating the gold stripe of dielectric-loaded plasmonic waveguides. The effect of the gaps isolating the heated part of the waveguide from the rest of the structure was examined showing the presence of a Fabry-Perot cavity in this MZI arm. Wavelength-dependent modulation is demonstrated with MZI-based components, and wavelength dependent low power (similar to 0.92 mW) rerouting is achieved with DC switches. Furthermore…

Materials sciencePhysics::OpticsBioengineering02 engineering and technologyDielectricMach–Zehnder interferometer01 natural sciencesWaveguide (optics)WAVE-GUIDESOptics0103 physical sciencesAstronomical interferometerGeneral Materials ScienceElectrical and Electronic EngineeringPlasmon010302 applied physicsbusiness.industryMechanical EngineeringGeneral Chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyWavelengthMechanics of MaterialsModulationOptoelectronicsPower dividers and directional couplers0210 nano-technologybusiness
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High-temperature X-ray absorption spectroscopy study of thermochromic copper molybdate

2019

Financial support provided by Scientific Research Project for Students and Young Researchers Nr. SJZ/2017/5 and SJZ/2018/1 realized at the Institute of Solid State Physics, University of Latvia is greatly acknowledged. The work was also supported by philanthropist MikroTik and administrated by the University of Latvia Foundation . The experiment at the Elettra synchrotron was performed within the project No. 20150303 .

Materials sciencePolymers and PlasticsAbsorption spectroscopyAnalytical chemistrychemistry.chemical_element02 engineering and technologyMolybdate01 natural sciences7. Clean energychemistry.chemical_compound0103 physical sciences:NATURAL SCIENCES:Physics [Research Subject Categories]010302 applied physicsReverse Monte Carlo simulationsX-ray absorption spectroscopyThermochromismExtended X-ray absorption fine structureCuMoO4Metals and AlloysAtmospheric temperature range021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCopperXANESXANESElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsEXAFSchemistryMolybdenumCeramics and Composites0210 nano-technologyActa Materialia
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