Search results for "Arity"

showing 10 items of 2893 documents

Minimal Morse flows on compact manifolds

2006

Abstract In this paper we prove, using the Poincare–Hopf inequalities, that a minimal number of non-degenerate singularities can be computed in terms only of abstract homological boundary information. Furthermore, this minimal number can be realized on some manifold with non-empty boundary satisfying the abstract homological boundary information. In fact, we present all possible indices and types (connecting or disconnecting) of singularities realizing this minimal number. The Euler characteristics of all manifolds realizing this minimal number are obtained and the associated Lyapunov graphs of Morse type are described and shown to have the lowest topological complexity.

Discrete mathematicsLyapunov functionTopological complexityBoundary (topology)Type (model theory)Morse codeManifoldLyapunov graphslaw.inventionsymbols.namesakePoincaré–Hopf inequalitieslawEuler's formulasymbolsGravitational singularityGeometry and TopologyMathematics::Symplectic GeometryConley indexMathematicsTopology and its Applications
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Milnor Number Equals Tjurina Number for Functions on Space Curves

2001

The equality of the Milnor number and Tjurina number for functions on space curve singularities, as conjectured recently by V. Goryunov, is proved. As a consequence, the discriminant in such a situation is a free divisor.

Discrete mathematicsMathematics::Algebraic GeometryDiscriminantGeneral MathematicsGravitational singularityDivisor (algebraic geometry)QASpace (mathematics)MathematicsMilnor numberJournal of the London Mathematical Society
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Complete, exact, and efficient computations with cubic curves

2004

The Bentley-Ottmann sweep-line method can be used to compute thearrangement of planar curves provided a number of geometricprimitives operating on the curves are available. We discuss themathematics of the primitives for planar algebraic curves of degreethree or less and derive efficient realizations. As a result, weobtain a complete, exact, and efficient algorithm for computingarrangements of cubic curves. Conics and cubic splines are specialcases of cubic curves. The algorithm is complete in that it handles all possibledegeneracies including singularities. It is exact in that itprovides the mathematically correct result. It is efficient in thatit can handle hundreds of curves with a quart…

Discrete mathematicsModuli of algebraic curvesGeometric designConic sectionComputationFamily of curvesApplied mathematicsGravitational singularityAlgebraic curveSweep line algorithmMathematicsProceedings of the twentieth annual symposium on Computational geometry
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An extension of the Burrows-Wheeler Transform

2007

AbstractWe describe and highlight a generalization of the Burrows–Wheeler Transform (bwt) to a multiset of words. The extended transformation, denoted by ebwt, is reversible. Moreover, it allows to define a bijection between the words over a finite alphabet A and the finite multisets of conjugacy classes of primitive words in A∗. Besides its mathematical interest, the extended transform can be useful for applications in the context of string processing. In the last part of this paper we illustrate one such application, providing a similarity measure between sequences based on ebwt.

Discrete mathematicsMultisetSimilarity (geometry)General Computer ScienceBurrows–Wheeler transformGeneralizationAlignment-free distance measure; Burrows-Wheeler transform; Sequence comparisonContext (language use)Similarity measureBurrows-Wheeler transformSequence comparisonTheoretical Computer ScienceConjugacy classBijectionAlignment-free distance measureBurrows–Wheeler transformComputer Science::Formal Languages and Automata TheoryComputer Science(all)Mathematics
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Non-self-adjoint resolutions of the identity and associated operators

2013

Closed operators in Hilbert space defined by a non-self-adjoint resolution of the identity $$\{X(\lambda )\}_{\lambda \in {\mathbb R}}$$ , whose adjoints constitute also a resolution of the identity, are studied. In particular, it is shown that a closed operator $$B$$ has a spectral representation analogous to the familiar one for self-adjoint operators if and only if $$B=\textit{TAT}^{-1}$$ where $$A$$ is self-adjoint and $$T$$ is a bounded inverse.

Discrete mathematicsPure mathematicsApplied MathematicsHilbert spaceInverseOperator theoryMathematics::Spectral TheoryNon-self-adjoint resolution of identityFunctional Analysis (math.FA)Mathematics - Functional AnalysisComputational Mathematicssymbols.namesakeIdentity (mathematics)Operator (computer programming)Computational Theory and MathematicsSettore MAT/05 - Analisi MatematicaBounded functionsymbolsFOS: MathematicsSimilarity of operatorsSelf-adjoint operatorMathematicsResolution (algebra)
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Singular Perturbations and Operators in Rigged Hilbert Spaces

2015

A notion of regularity and singularity for a special class of operators acting in a rigged Hilbert space \({\mathcal{D} \subset \mathcal{H}\subset \mathcal{D}^\times}\) is proposed and it is shown that each operator decomposes into a sum of a regular and a singular part. This property is strictly related to the corresponding notion for sesquilinear forms. A particular attention is devoted to those operators that are neither regular nor singular, pointing out that a part of them can be seen as perturbation of a self-adjoint operator on \({\mathcal{H}}\). Some properties for such operators are derived and some examples are discussed.

Discrete mathematicsPure mathematicsGeneral Mathematics010102 general mathematicsHilbert spacePerturbation (astronomy)Rigged Hilbert spaceOperator theorySpecial class01 natural sciencesregular operator010101 applied mathematicssymbols.namesakeOperator (computer programming)Singularityrigged Hilbert spaceSettore MAT/05 - Analisi Matematicasymbolssingular operator0101 mathematicsMathematics
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Maximal regularity for Kolmogorov operators in L2 spaces with respect to invariant measures

2006

Abstract We prove an optimal embedding result for the domains of Kolmogorov (or degenerate hypoelliptic Ornstein–Uhlenbeck) operators in L 2 spaces with respect to invariant measures. We use an interpolation method together with optimal L 2 estimates for the space derivatives of T ( t ) f near t = 0 , where T ( t ) is the Ornstein–Uhlenbeck semigroup and f is any function in L 2 .

Discrete mathematicsPure mathematicsSemigroupApplied MathematicsGeneral MathematicsDegenerate energy levelsInvariant measureMathematics::ProbabilityDegenerate Ornstein–Uhlenbeck operatorHypoellipticityHypoelliptic operatorEmbeddingMaximal regularityInvariant (mathematics)MathematicsJournal de Mathématiques Pures et Appliquées
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QCD sum rule calculation ofK ℓ3 form factors

1992

We present a combined finite energy sum rule (FESR) and analytic continuation by duality (ACD) calculation of the (neutral)K l3 decay. We confirm the Callan-Treiman relation and investigate the validity of a linear fit for the form factors. Furthermore, we obtain ζ=−0.1...−0.3, consistent with the mean experimental value ζ=−0.1±0.09.

Discrete mathematicsQuantum chromodynamicsPhysics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)Analytic continuationSum rule in integrationForm factor (quantum field theory)Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic AstrophysicsLinearity of differentiationRule of sumSum rule in quantum mechanicsQuantum field theoryEngineering (miscellaneous)MathematicsMathematical physicsZeitschrift für Physik C Particles and Fields
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Axiomatic characterization of the weighted solidarity values

2014

Abstract We define and characterize the class of all weighted solidarity values . Our first characterization employs the classical axioms determining the solidarity value (except symmetry ), that is, efficiency , additivity and the A-null player axiom , and two new axioms called proportionality and strong individual rationality . In our second axiomatization, the additivity and the A-null player axioms are replaced by a new axiom called average marginality .

Discrete mathematicsSociology and Political ScienceAxiom independenceGeneral Social SciencesProportionality (mathematics)RationalitySolidarityEconomia Aspectes psicològicsAxiom of extensionalityMathematics::LogicEconomia matemàticaAdditive functionStatistics Probability and UncertaintyMathematical economicsGeneral PsychologyAxiomMathematics
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Real Line Arrangements and Surfaces with Many Real Nodes

2008

A long standing question is if the maximum number μ(d) of nodes on a surface of degree d in P( ) can be achieved by a surface defined over the reals which has only real singularities. The currently best known asymptotic lower bound, μ(d) 5 12 d, is provided by Chmutov’s construction from 1992 which gives surfaces whose nodes have non-real coordinates. Using explicit constructions of certain real line arrangements we show that Chmutov’s construction can be adapted to give only real singularities. All currently best known constructions which exceed Chmutov’s lower bound (i.e., for d = 3, 4, . . . , 8, 10, 12) can also be realized with only real singularities. Thus, our result shows that, up t…

Discrete mathematicsSurface (mathematics)ConjectureDegree (graph theory)Betti numberPlane curveGravitational singularityUpper and lower boundsReal lineMathematics
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