Search results for "Arrow"
showing 10 items of 953 documents
Origin, age, and significance of deep-seated granulite-facies migmatites in the Barrow zones of Scotland, Cairn Leuchan, Glen Muick area
2018
Funding for this work was provided by the Johannes-Gutenberg University of Mainz. Petrological modelling of granulite‐facies mafic and semipelitic migmatites from Cairn Leuchan, northeast Scotland, has provided new constraints on the pressure (P) and temperature (T) conditions of high‐grade metamorphism in the type‐locality Barrow zones.Phase diagrams constructed in the Na2O–CaO–K2O–FeO–MgO–Al2O3–SiO2–H2O–TiO2–O2 system have constrained the P–T conditions of peak metamorphism in the Glen Muick region of the upper‐sillimanite zone (Sill+Kfs) to have been at least ~840 ◦C at ~9 kbar (high‐pressure granulite facies). These conditions are approximately ~120 ◦C and ~3 kbar higher than those reco…
Histomorphological study of the bone regeneration capacity of platelet-rich plasma, bone marrow and tricalcium phosphate Experimental study on pigs
2009
Introduction: Bone defects are rather common after oral surgery and may prove difficult to repair. Objective: We provide a histomorphological analysis of the bone regenerative capacity of platelet-rich plasma at different concentrations and the extraction of platelet-rich bone marrow, compared with -tricalcium phosphate. Methodology: We performed an experimental study on 8 pigs, in which we performed trepanations of the mandible in order to place the materials to be studied. Using an electron microscope, we observed the samples obtained and took a series of photographs in order to analyze the samples through a gray-scale histogram system. Results: Ossification phenomena were present in 96% …
MEF2C and SOCS2 in stemness regulation
2015
The physiologic stemness of hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) relies on mechanisms constitutively active under steady state and is fundamental to maintain a lifelong HSC reservoir. On the other side, similar stemness features sustained by partially overlapping molecular circuits, which have recently come into focus, confer aggressive aggressiveness in leukemia clones. Suppressor of Cytokine Signalling 2 (SOCS2) belongs to the SOCS family, comprising eight members (SOCS1–7 and CIS) with similar structures, which are induced upon JAK/STAT activation and function as negative regulators. Recent evidences have demonstrated that SOCS2 is endowed with immunological functions in differentiated cells b…
Prevention of chemotherapy-induced anemia and thrombocytopenia by constant administration of stem cell factor.
2011
Abstract Purpose: Chemotherapy-induced apoptosis of immature hematopoietic cells is a major cause of anemia and thrombocytopenia in cancer patients. Although hematopoietic growth factors such as erythropoietin and colony-stimulating factors cannot prevent the occurrence of drug-induced myelosuppression, stem cell factor (SCF) has been previously shown to protect immature erythroid and megakaryocytic cells in vitro from drug-induced apoptosis. However, the effect of SCF in vivo as a single myeloprotective agent has never been elucidated. Experimental Design: The ability of SCF to prevent the occurrence of chemotherapy-induced anemia and thrombocytopenia was tested in a mouse model of cisplat…
Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells in Multiple Myeloma: Pre-Clinical Research and Translational Opportunities
2014
Immunosuppressive cells have been reported to play an important role in tumor-progression mainly because of their capability to promote immune-escape, angiogenesis, and metastasis. Among them, myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) have been recently identified as immature myeloid cells, induced by tumor-associated inflammation, able to impair both innate and adaptive immunity. While murine MDSCs are usually identified by the expression of CD11b and Gr1, human MDSCs represent a more heterogeneous population characterized by the expression of CD33 and CD11b, low or no HLA-DR, and variable CD14 and CD15. In particular, the last two may alternatively identify monocyte-like or granulocyte-lik…
Transmission of angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma by bone marrow transplant
2014
Accidental transmission of lymphoma by bone marrow transplant is a rarely reported event [1–5], since candidates are only accepted for hematopoietic stem cell donation after a work-up that routinel...
A new pericentric inv(8) in acute nonlymphocytic leukemia.
1993
Abstract Chromosome studies were carried out on unstimulated bone marrow cells from a patient with a diagnosis of acute nonlymphocytic leukemia (FAB M6 ANLL). Cytogenetic analysis revealed a mosaic chromosome pattern 46,XX46,XX,inv(8)(p21q24). This pericentric inversion has not been previously described in ANLL. Because, fragile sites, zinc finger gene loci, and the MYC protooncogene have been localized to band 8q24, a putative role for these sites and genes could be considered.
Release of IFNγ by Acute Myeloid Leukemia Cells Remodels Bone Marrow Immune Microenvironment by Inducing Regulatory T Cells
2022
Abstract Purpose: The stromal and immune bone marrow (BM) landscape is emerging as a crucial determinant for acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Regulatory T cells (Treg) are enriched in the AML microenvironment, but the underlying mechanisms are poorly elucidated. Here, we addressed the effect of IFNγ released by AML cells in BM Treg induction and its impact on AML prognosis. Experimental Design: BM aspirates from patients with AML were subdivided according to IFNG expression. Gene expression profiles in INFγhigh and IFNγlow samples were compared by microarray and NanoString analysis and used to compute a prognostic index. The IFNγ release effect on the BM microenvironment was investigated in me…
CD40 provides immune privilege to the bone marrow hematopoietic niche
2020
AbstractAllogeneic bone marrow transplantation remains the only therapeutic option for a wide range of hematological malignancies despite the risk of possible adverse, immune-related events, such as infection and acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD). aGVHD is characterized by T-cell activation, defective B-cell development and osteoblastic niche destruction in bone marrow (BM) among other issues. Transplant conditioning regimens cause excessive inflammatory cytokines production and impaired regulatory T-cell control of aberrant T-cell activation. Here, we show that mesenchymal cells (MSCs) upregulated CD40 upon irradiation at the expense of mesenchymal markers, and that CD40 endows MSC o…
Intrahippocampal transplantation of mesenchymal stromal cells promotes neuroplasticity
2012
Multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) secrete soluble factors that stimulate the surrounding microenvironment. Such paracrine effects might underlie the potential benefits of many stem cell therapies. We tested the hypothesis that MSC are able to enhance intrinsic cellular plasticity in the adult rat hippocampus.Rat bone marrow-derived MSC were labeled with very small superparamagnetic iron oxide particles (VSOP), which allowed for non-invasive graft localization by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Moreover, MSC were transduced with lentiviral vectors to express the green fluorescent protein (GFP). The effects of bilateral MSC transplantation on hippocampal cellular plasticity were a…