Search results for "Artemia"
showing 10 items of 25 documents
Comparison of effects on crustaceans: carbon nanoparticles and molybdenum compounds nanowires
2013
Carbon nanomaterials (CNM) and molybdenum compound nanostructures are materials with various applications yet little is known regarding the toxicity of these nanoparticles in pristine form in aquatic environment. Daphnia magna standard acute toxicity test (EN ISO 6341:1996; freshwater) and Artemia salina standard acute toxicity test (ArtoxKit standard method; 15 ppt saltwater) were applied to assess the toxicity of non-modified CNM and molybdenum compound nanowires in water. It has been observed that CNM are more toxic in freshwater suspensions and somewhat more toxic than the tested molybdenum compound nanowires.
Factors affecting abundance of Triaenophorus infection in Cyclops strenuus, and parasite-induced changes in host fitness.
2000
Factors affecting the abundance of Triaenophorus crassus and Triaenophorus nodulosus procercoids in their copepod first intermediate host, Cyclops strenuus, and effects of infection on feeding behaviour, reproduction and survival of the host were studied experimentally. When exposed to the same number of coracidia, copepods harboured considerably less procercoids in the trials where ciliates or Artemia salina nauplii were given as alternative food items. The prevalence of infection was higher in adult copepods as compared with copepodite stage IV and stage V, and higher in stage V than in stage IV. The prevalences in adult females and males did not differ significantly from each other. The …
A New Cacospongionolide Inhibitor of Human Secretory Phospholipase A2 from the Tyrrhenian Sponge Fasciospongia cavernosa and Absolute Configuration o…
1998
A new inhibitor of human secretory phospholipase A2 (PLA2), cacospongionolide E (4a), has been isolated from the Tyrrhenian sponge Fasciospongia cavernosa. The structure was proposed on the basis of spectroscopic data and by chemical transformations. The absolute configuration of cacospongionolides 2a-4a was established using the modified Mosher's method. Cacospongionolide E was the most potent inhibitor toward human synovial PLA2, showing higher potency than the reference compound manoalide and exerting no signs of toxicity on human neutrophils. It showed high activity in the Artemia salina bioassay and moderate toxicity in the fish (Gambusia affinis) lethality assay.
Developmental and Reproductive Effects of Low Cadmium Concentration onArtemiaparthenogenetica
2003
Hatching, reproductive, and lifespan characteristics of an Artemia parthenogenetica population from La Mata (Alicante, Spain) exposed to cadmium were studied. No effects on percentage of cyst hatched nor time of hatching were observed on cysts exposed from 0.01 to 5 mg Cd/L. Cohorts of Artemia were chronically exposed to cadmium in life-table experiments to test whether ecologically relevant impacts may occur after several generations of exposure to a very low concentration of cadmium. Chronic toxicity tests were performed using neonates of a third generation of shrimps exposed to 0.08 mg Cd/L (1/1000 of the LOEC for 24 h acute toxicity test). No significant reduction in the intrinsic rate …
Anti-inflammatory properties of hydroalcoholic extracts of Argentine Puna plants
2015
The aim of this study is to evaluate the activity of thirteen hydroalcoholic extracts obtained from aerial parts of plants from Argentina Puna on pro-inflammatory enzymes and inflammatory mediators. Eleven extracts were non-cytotoxic on RAW 264.7. Data obtained suggest the capacity of these Argentine Puna plant extracts to inhibit the production of inflammatory mediators (nitric oxide and prostaglandin) at different levels. The plant extracts can affect enzymes expression and/or enzymes activity, and they can also act by NO scavenging. Each extract exerts its anti-inflammatory effect through different mechanisms. The inhibitory ability on pro-inflammatory enzymes by these hydroalcoholic ext…
Phytochemical Profile and Antioxidant Activity of the Aerial Part Extracts from Matthiola incana subsp. rupestris and subsp. pulchella (Brassicaceae)…
2021
As part of a project aimed at investigating the Matthiola taxa endemic to Sicily (Italy), this study focused on Matthiola incana, an edible species used in the traditional medicine of various countries. Herein, the characterization of phenolic and volatile compounds, the antioxidant capacity in vitro (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazil (DPPH), reducing power and Fe2+ chelating activity assays) and the toxicity test (Artemia salina lethality bioassay) of the hydroalcoholic extracts from the aerial parts of M. incana subsp. rupestris from Mt. Pellegrino (Palermo) and Mt. Erice (Trapani), and of M. incana subsp. pulchella are reported. The results are compared with those previously shown for M. inc…
Phytochemical characterization and antioxidant activity of the aerial part extracts from two species of Matthiola wild in Sicily: Matthiola sinuata a…
2022
As part of a project aimed at investigating the specific and intraspecific taxa of Matthiola which grow spontaneously in Sicily (Italy), in this work our research has been focused on Matthiola tricuspidata and Matthiola sinuata. The phenolic and volatile compounds of the hydroalcoholic extracts from the aerial parts of the selected species have been characterized by HPLC-PDA/ESI-MS and SPME-GC/MS analyses. Moreover, the antioxidant capacity in vitro (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazil (DPPH), reducing power and Fe2+ chelating activity assays) and the toxicity (Artemia salina lethality bioassay) of the extracts were investigated. The phytochemical analyses highlighted quite different phenolic and…
Toxicidad y acumulación de cadmio en poblaciones de diferentes especies de Artemia
2002
El presente trabajo se centra en el estudio comparativo de distintos aspectos de la respuesta frente a la exposición tóxica de cadmio de diferentes poblaciones de Artemia pertenecientes a las especies Artemia parthenogenetica, Artemia salina, Artemia franciscana y Artemia persimilis. La primera parte de este estudio, pone de manifiesto la variabilidad fenotípica de la respuesta letal a la exposición a cadmio que presentan los nauplios. En este sentido, la utilización de Modelos Lineales Generalizados ha sido de gran utilidad ya que ha permitido poner de manifiesto, a través de los parámetros que definen cada curva de mortalidad, diferencias en sensibilidad al tóxico y en la uniformidad de r…
Phytochemical Profile and Antioxidant Activity of the Aerial Part Extracts from Matthiola incana subsp. rupestris and subsp . pulchella ( Brassicacea…
2021
As part of a project aimed at investigating the Matthiola taxa endemic to Sicily (Italy), this study focused on Matthiola incana, an edible species used in the traditional medicine of various countries. Herein, the characterization of phenolic and volatile compounds, the antioxidant capacity in vitro (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazil (DPPH), reducing power and Fe2+ chelating activity assays) and the toxicity test (Artemia salina lethality bioassay) of the hydroalcoholic extracts from the aerial parts of M. incana subsp. rupestris from Mt. Pellegrino (Palermo) and Mt. Erice (Trapani), and of M. incana subsp. pulchella are reported. The results are compared with those previously shown for M. inc…
Probiotic properties of Brevibacillus brevis and its influence on sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) larval rearing
2012
Efficacy of Brevibacillus brevis strain and its influence on larval rearing of sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) were investigated in the present work. Biochemical analyses permit to identify this strain as B. brevis. This bacterium has an inhibitory effect against fish pathogenic bacteria, especially the genus of Vibrio. Enzymatic characterization revealed that B. brevis was lipase positive, amylase, lecithinase and caseinase negative. Adherence assays to abiotic surfaces and challenge test with Artemia larvae demonstrate that B. brevis was fairly adherent and play an important role in the enhancement of the protection of Artemia culture against pathogens. Treatment of sea bass larvae with B…