Search results for "Audi"
showing 10 items of 3302 documents
Agreement in Asthmatics' Perception of Dyspnea During Acute and Chronic Obstruction
2005
Objective Three types of asthmatic patients can be identified during periods of clinical stability: “poor perceivers,” “normal perceivers,” and “over perceivers.” When asthmatics undergo bronchial challenge in the laboratory, the same distinctions in type of perception can be observed. The aim of the present study was to determine the level of agreement between the 2 situations. Patients and methods A total of 93 patients with persistent moderate asthma (36 men and 57 women; mean age 40 years) were studied. We asked them to assess their dyspnea on a modified Borg scale when stable and after each histamine dose in a bronchial provocation test. When a patient's Borg scale assessment in stable…
A Confirmatory Study on the Mechanisms Behind Reduced P300 Waves in Depression
2003
A single-trial analysis of event-related potentials (P300) of 21 depressives was performed in comparison with matched controls. The purpose was to confirm previous results revealing an overall reduction of the single-trial P300 amplitude in depression despite fewer elicited single-trial P300 waves in schizophrenics. The result of the present study is in line with our previous investigation implicating a general reduced P300 amplitude on single trials of depressive patients. Therefore, it appears possible to differentiate depressives and schizophrenics by measuring event-related potentials and applying a single-trial analysis of them.
Associations of Aerobic Fitness and Maximal Muscular Strength With Metabolites in Young Men
2019
This cross-sectional study of young Finnish men examines the associations of aerobic fitness and muscular strength with metabolome measures that are associated with cardiometabolic risks.
Interbrain emotional connection during music performances is driven by physical proximity and individual traits.
2021
How musical emotions and the pleasure derived from music, regardless of the musical valence, can be shared between individuals is a fascinating question, and investigating it can shed light on the function of musical reward. We carried out our investigations in a natural setting during an international competition for orchestra conductors. Participants (n = 15) used a dedicated smartphone app to report their subjective emotional experiences in real time while we recorded their cerebral activity using electroencephalography and their electrodermal activity. The overall behavioral real-time behavioral ratings suggest a possible social influence on the reported and felt pleasure. The physicall…
The cumulative effect of positive and negative feedback on emotional experience.
2021
The cumulative effect of positive or negative feedback on subsequent emotional experiences remains unclear. Elucidating this effect could help individuals to better understand and accept the change in emotional experience, irrespective of when they or others receive consecutive positive or negative feedback. This study aimed to examine this effect on 37 participants using self-reported pleasantness and event-related potential data as indicators. After completing each trial, the participants received predetermined false feedback; they were then assessed on a nine-point pleasantness scale. There were 12 false feedback conditions categorized into three valence types. The positive type consiste…
Brain density in depression: methodological and psychopathological aspects
1988
The relationship between brain density, measured by computerized tomography (CT), and severity of depression was investigated in 44 patients with a major depressive episode according to DSM-III. In order to limit methodological problems, correlations between both the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) and the Bech-Rafaelsen Melancholia Scale (BRMS) with density values were controlled for age, different ventricle measurements, brain size, and density and size of the skull. The BRMS score correlated inversely with density of the right thalamus, the right head of the caudate, and with parietal grey matter and occipital regions of both hemispheres. Similar, but nonsignificant results, were o…
Multitasking in aging: ERP correlates of dual-task costs in young versus low, intermediate, and high performing older adults
2018
Abstract With large inter-individual variability, older adults show a decline in cognitive performance in dual-task situations. Differences in attentional processes, working memory, response selection, and general speed of information processing have been discussed as potential sources of this decline and its between-subject variability. In comparison to young subjects (n = 36, mean age: 25 years), we analyzed the performance of a large group of healthy elderly subjects (n = 138, mean age: 70 years) in a conflicting dual-task situation (PRP paradigm). Based on their dual-task costs (DTCs), the older participants were clustered in three groups of high, medium, and low performing elderly. DTC…
The effect of lifelong exercise on psychomotor reaction time: a study of 38 pairs of male monozygotic twins
1998
Purpose: The aim was to study the effect of lifetime physical activity on psychomotor speed. Methods: Foot and dominant hand visual simple and choice psychomotor reaction times were studied among monozygotic twins (38 pairs) aged 35-69, discordant for lifetime exercise histories. Results: There was a trend that some components of psychomotor reaction time were faster for frequent than for occasional exercisers. but the findings were not consistent for the hand and feet. After controlling for occupational physical activity, only choice decision time for the hand (26 ms, P < 0.01) and choice reaction time for the contralateral foot (51 ms, P < 0.05) both remained 7% faster. There was no trend…
Reduced oscillatory gamma-band responses in unmedicated schizophrenic patients indicate impaired frontal network processing
2004
Abstract Objective Integration of sensory information by cortical network binding appears to be crucially involved in target detection. Studies in schizophrenia using functional and diffusion tensor neuroimaging, event-related potentials and EEG coherence indicate an impairment of cortical network coupling in this disorder. Previous electrophysiological investigations in animals and humans suggested that gamma activity (oscillations at around 40 Hz) is essential for cortical network binding. Studies in medicated schizophrenia provide evidence for a reduced gamma activity in the context of auditory stimulus processing. This is the first investigation of oscillatory activations in the gamma-b…
A replication study on P300 single trial analysis in schizophrenia: confirmation of a reduced number of 'true positive' P300 waves.
2000
A single trial analysis of event-related potentials (auditory odd-ball paradigm) of 20 schizophrenics was performed in comparison to matched healthy controls. The purpose of the study was to test the hypothesis that in schizophrenia the well-known P300 amplitude reduction of averaged event-related potentials is due to fewer elicited single trial P300 waves. The results of the present study support this finding of our previous exploratory investigation and point to the view that schizophrenics reveal basal disturbances in information processing due to inadequately elicited electrophysiological responses to target stimuli.