Search results for "Autism."
showing 10 items of 454 documents
FUNCIONES EJECUTIVAS Y MOTIVACIÓN DE NIÑOS CON TRASTORNO DE ESPECTRO AUTISTA (TEA) Y TRASTORNO POR DÉFICIT DE ATENCIÓN CON HIPERACTIVIDAD (TDAH)
2016
Resumen Objetivos. Comparar el perfil de niños con trastorno del espectro autista (TEA) y niños con trastorno por déficit de atención con hiperactividad (TDAH), presentación combinada, en componentes del funcionamiento ejecutivo (FE) y en comportamientos que están asociados al aprendizaje. Método. Participaron en esta investigación 16 niños con un diagnóstico clínico de TDAH y 16 niños con un diagnóstico clínico de TEA con alto nivel de funcionamiento que habían sido diagnosticados en servicios de Neuropediatría de la Comunidad Valenciana. Las edades estaban comprendidas entre 7 y 11 años. El 94% eran varones y se encontraban escolarizados en aulas ordinarias, estando equiparados los dos …
Urinaryp-cresol is elevated in young French children with autism spectrum disorder: a replication study
2014
The aromatic compound p-cresol (4-methylphenol) has been found elevated in the urines of Italian autistic children up to 8 years of age. The present study aims at replicating these initial findings in an ethnically distinct sample and at extending them by measuring also the three components of urinary p-cresol, namely p-cresylsulfate, p-cresylglucuronate and free p-cresol. Total urinary p-cresol, p-cresylsulfate and p-cresylglucuronate were significantly elevated in 33 French autism spectrum disorder (ASD) cases compared with 33 sex- and age-matched controls (p < 0.05). This increase was limited to ASD children aged ≤8 years (p < 0.01), and not older (p = 0.17). Urinary levels of p-cresol a…
Sociālo prasmju veicināšana bērniem ar autismu 5-6 gadu vecumā pirmsskolā
2022
Kvalifikācijas darba temats : Sociālo prasmju veicināšana bērniem ar autismu 5-6 gadu vecumā pirmsskolā. Darba autore : Sarma Liede Darba mērķis : Pētīt pedagoģiskās metodes sociālo prasmju veicināšanai bērniem ar AST un noskaidrot vai šīs metodes darbojas praksē. Pētīt sociālo prasmju īpašības bērniem ar AST un noskaidrot galvenās problēmas, šos bērnus iekļaujot Latvijas vispārizglītojošajās pirmsskolās. Darba saturs. Teorētiskajā daļā tiek pētīta dažādu autoru literatūra un atziņas par sociālo prasmju veicināšanu, autiskā spektra traucējumiem un iekļaujošo izglītību. Empīriskajā daļā tiek novērota sociālo prasmju veicināšanas metodikas izmantošana praksē, kā arī tiek pētīta reālā situācij…
Prasmes veidot vārdu savienojumus sekmēšana 5-6 gadīgiem bērniem speciālajā izglītības iestādē
2017
Kvalifikācijas darbs izstrādāts par tematu „Prasmes veidot vārdu savienojumus sekmēšana 5-6 gadus veciem bērniem speciālajā izglītības iestādē” ar mērķi teorētiski pētīt un empīriski pamatot iespējas sekmēt 5-6 gadus vecu bērnu ar autiskā spektra traucējumiem prasmi veidot vārdu savienojumus, izmantojot didaktiskās spēles. Tēmas aktualitāti pamato apstāklis, ka mūsdienās speciālajās izglītības iestādēs arvien biežāk nonāk bērni ar autiskā spektra traucējumiem, turklāt, tā kā Latvijā tikai dažās izglītības iestādēs ir speciālas mācību programmas bērniem ar autiskā spektra traucējumiem, tad nepieciešams analizēt pieejas īpatnības darbā ar monoligvāliem un bilingvāliem bērniem ar autiskā spekt…
Contexto familiar de niños con autismo: Implicaciones en el desarrollo social y emocional
2019
Las familias de niños con trastorno del espectro del autismo (TEA) pueden diferenciarse en función de indicadores sociodemográficos y del clima familiar caracterizado por el nivel de estrés parental, el uso de estrategias de afrontamiento y la búsqueda de apoyo social. El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar las diferencias conductuales, emocionales y sociales de niños con TEA en relación con distintas tipologías de familias caracterizadas en función de los factores de riesgo como de riesgo alto, moderado y bajo. Los participantes fueron 52 madres y sus hijos de entre 7 y 11 años, con TEA sin discapacidad intelectual, que aportaron información del desarrollo socioemocional de los hijos med…
Teachers Attitudes toward Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Systematic Review
2022
(1) Teachers’ attitudes toward the inclusion of students with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in mainstream schools influence daily educational practices. Depending on whether these attitudes are favorable or not, inclusive education could be fully or partially reached. This systematic review aims to analyze teachers’ attitudes toward ASD and to determine the variables that moderate them. (2) We conducted a systematic review in WoS, Scopus, and PsycINFO databases, obtaining an amount of 16 studies included in this review. (3) The results revealed inconclusive levels in teachers’ attitudes: Some of the teachers reported positive attitudes, some neutral, and some negative. (4) Among the variab…
A guide to indicators for the evaluation of specialist autism centres, based on the quality-of-life model
2017
Objective: The evaluation of individual and organizational quality of life through the Guide to Quality-of-Life Indicators and its promotion in English-speaking areas. This guide was initially designed for people living with Autism Spectrum Disorder in specialist autism centers in Spanish and Italian-speaking areas where its effectiveness has been validated. Method: The Delphi technique is applied to the design of a qualitative investigation, with expert validation for the adaptation to English-speaking areas. Results: The results have facilitated the adaptation and validation of the tool, which has 68 indicators grouped into six areas, for its application in both the planning and the evalu…
Training adults and children with an autism spectrum disorder to be compliant with a clinical dental assessment using a TEACCH-based approach
2014
The specific neuropsychological and sensory profile found in persons with autism spectrum disorders complicate dental procedures and as a result of this, most are treated under general anesthesia or unnecessary sedation. The main goal of the present study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a short treatment and education of autistic and related communication-handicapped children-based intervention program (five sessions) to facilitate a 10-component oral assessment in children (n = 38, aged 4¿9 years) and adults (n = 34, aged 19¿41) with autism spectrum disorder (with or without associated intellectual disability). The assessment ranges from entering into the examination room to the evalu…
Joint Attention and Its Relationship with Autism Risk Markers at 18 Months of Age
2022
(1) Joint attention is the ability to coordinate attention to share a point of reference with another person. It has an early onset and is a clear indicator of understanding the representations of others, and it is essential in the development of symbolic thought and the acquisition of language. Deficiencies in this prelinguistic early communication skill are strong markers of the risk of autism spectrum disorder (ASD); (2) this longitudinal study aimed to evaluate joint attention skills in a group of 32 infants at two developmental moments (8 and 12 months) in order to explore whether their performance on this skill was related to the presence of early signs of ASD at 18 months. Logistic m…
Adherencia al tratamiento de los cuidadores de niños con Trastorno del Espectro Autista
2019
espanolEl estudio esta centrado en la adherencia al tratamiento de la familia del nino o nina con Trastorno del Espectro Autista (TEA) o sospecha de diagnostico, identificando los elementos que justifican el proceso de adherencia. A partir de esa identificacion, desarrollar una escala de medida para su estudio. Para ello se evaluo la adherencia con la aplicacion de un cuestionario en un grupo de 128 padres de ninos con TEA y con sospecha de diagnostico, considerando como variables: los factores sociales, economicos, familiares e individuales. Los resultados muestran la importancia de la relacion de esos factores con la adherencia en la adaptacion al TEA tales como: el apoyo social, satisfac…