Search results for "Autism."
showing 10 items of 454 documents
Komunikācijas prasmes veicināšana 6-7 gadu vecam bērnam ar autiska spektra traucējumiem
2020
Diplomdarba nosaukums: ''Komunikācijas prasmes veicināšana 6-7 gadu vecam bērnam ar autiska spektra traucējumiem'' Darba autore: Anna Astahova Darba zinātniskā vadītāja: prof. Sarmīte Tūbele Darba saturs: 62 lappuses, 7 tabulas, 5 pielikumi. Pētījuma mērķis: 6-7 gadus veca bērna ar autiskā spektra traucējumiem komunikācijas prasmju veicināšana. Darbs sastāv no divām daļām - teorētiskās un empīriskās. Darba teorētiskajā daļā ir detalizēti apskatīts un izanalizēts komunikācijas teorētiskais aspekts, komunikācijas prasmes ontoģenēzē un to īpatnības bērniem ar autiskā spektra traucējumiem. Darba empīriskajā daļā autore veica komunikācijas prasmju novērtējumu ar programmu VB-MAPP 6 gadus vecam b…
Acquisition of english as a second language by students with Asperger Syndrome: a theoretical approach
2015
Partimos de diferenciar entre el Síndrome de Asperger (SA) y el Autismo de alto funcionamiento (AAF) dentro de los Trastornos del Espectro Autista (TEA) considerando tres características principales: individuos con SA muestran un CI elevado, falta de retraso en la adquisición del lenguaje (AL) y una posible facilidad en la adquisición de segundas lenguas (ASL). Además, tratamos los factores y características –favorables y desfavorables- que los/as estudiantes con SA y su profesorado deben considerar al abordar la ASL del inglés. El estudio contribuye a ofrecer una perspectiva más amplia de las teorías contemporáneas sobre ASL y a proporcionar una base sólida para un futuro estudio de campo …
Comprehension of Generalized Conversational Implicatures by Children With and Without Autism Spectrum Disorder
2018
This study evaluates the comprehension of generalized conversational implicatures (GCI) in children with and without autism spectrum disorder (ASD), using a GCI test constructed based on the Levinson model, which distinguishes between three types of implicatures: type Q (or scalar: “what is not referred to does not occur”); type I (“by default, it is not necessary to say what can be assumed”); and type M (“if someone is expressing something in a not very simple or marked way, it is because s/he is describing a situation that is not very typical, frequent, or prototypical”). In addition to the ASD group (n = 22), two comparison groups were utilized: a group matched on chronological age with …
Interventions for Improving Reading Comprehension in Children with ASD: A Systematic Review.
2021
Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) often have comorbid learning difficulties in reading comprehension, an essential skill in accessing any area of the curriculum. The aim of this systematic review is to analyze the effectiveness of reading comprehension interventions in students with ASD. We conducted a search for scientific articles published from 2000 to 2019 using the keyword “autis*” in combination with the terms “reading comprehension” and “intervention” or “instruction” in Psyc Info and Scopus databases. After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, a total of 25 studies were selected. The content analysis of these studies shows that when specific interventions are carrie…
Social Cognition in Children with High-Functioning Autism Spectrum Disorder and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder. Associations with Executive…
2017
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are neurodevelopmental disorders characterized by social impairments. The first objective of this study was to analyze social cognition deficits of children with ADHD, high-functioning ASD (HFASD), and typical development (TD) in their performance on explicit and applied measures of theory of mind (ToM). The second objective was to investigate the relationships between executive functions and social cognition in HFASD and ADHD. One hundred and twenty-six 7- to 11-year old children, 52 with HFASD, 35 with ADHD, and 39 with TD, performed the NEPSY-II social perception subtests. Parents estimated their children’…
Elementos para la comunicación en un caso de inflexibilidad autista
2019
Las tecnologías han abierto un mundo de posibilidades para la mejora del aprendizaje del alumnado con necesidades educativas especiales. En el caso del alumnado con TEA dos de los ámbitos en los que tienen más dificultades son la comunicación y la interacción social. En estas líneas, se describe un estudio de caso único realizado en una modalidad educativa no convencional, un centro de educación especial, centrado en el entrenamiento llevado a cabo con un autista de 18 años de edad, con altos grados de inflexibilidad para incluir nuevos pictogramas en la aplicación LetMeTalk de su comunicador. La intervención consistió en el diseño y configuración de una plantilla física para introducir pic…
INTERVENTION IN SOCIAL SKILLS OF CHILDREN WITH AUTISTIC SPECTRUM DISORDER: A BIBLIOGRAPHICAL REVIEW
2018
The prevalence rates of autistic spectrum disorder (ASD) have increased markedly in recent years. ASD is increasingly present in schools and in society, so it is essential for us to know more about this disorder and the possibilities for intervention. The objective of this work is to carry out a bibliographic review of the articles published in recent years in relation to different intervention programs and techniques that have recently been used to work with children with ASD to train them in the difficulties that most define the disorder: social skills. The most important conclusions indicate that, despite the symptomatic diversity of children with ASD and their different characteristics …
La intervención cognitivo-conductual mejora la cognición de los cuidadores de personas con trastorno del espectro autista: estudio piloto
2017
Abstract As postulated by the stress process model, chronically stressed individuals, such as caregivers of people with chronic psychological disorders, have poorer cognitive performance and higher age-related cognitive decline than individuals not exposed to chronic stress. When analysing this topic in caregivers, the majority of research has been conducted in populations in which the care recipient has dementia and/or Alzheimer's disease, while relatively few studies have analysed cognition in caregivers of offspring with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The main objective of this pilot study was to analyse the effect of a cognitive-behavioural intervention on cognition in caregivers of pe…
Multi-informant evaluation in autism spectrum disorder: a review study.
2020
In order to establish a diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), assessment by different informants is required. Sometimes, however, there are certain discrepancies between evaluators. With the aim of shedding light on possible discrepancies between informants, this work includes an updated review of the literature to examine the degree of agreement between different informants regarding the characteristic symptomatology of ASD in children and adolescents (up to 17 years of age). A total of 20 studies were analyzed, in which the levels of correlation between the evaluations carried out by different informants were moderate or low. A large part of the studies included in this review foun…
Lead Excretion in Spanish Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder
2015
Among epigenetic factors leading to increased prevalence of juvenile neuropsychiatric disorders, including autism spectrum disorder, exposure to metals, such as lead (Pb) have led to conflicting results. The aim of the present study was to determine the levels of Pb in the urine of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) compared with typically developing children (TD) age- and sex-matched, and to analyze any association between core symptoms of ASD, special diets, supplements intake or prescription drugs and the concentration of Pb. The study was performed in a group of children with ASD (n = 35, average age 7.4 ± 0.5 years) and TD (n = 34, average age 7.7 ± 0.9 years). Measurement of…