Search results for "Autoimmune"

Cutaneous Lupus Erythematosus

2008

Lupus erythematosus (LE) is an inflammatory autoimmune disease, characterized by a heterogeneous clinical presentation. The skin lesions are one of the most frequent symptoms of the disease and present with a broad spectrum of LE-nonspecific and LE-specific cutaneous manifestations. Therefore, the development of a classification for skin lesions in the disease has proven difficult. For example, the LE-nonspecific cutaneous manifestations include livedo racemosa, thrombophlebitis, and leukocytoclastic vasculitis and can be associated with high disease activity and systemic organ involvement. The LE-specific cutaneous manifestations encompass the subtypes of cutaneous lupus erythematosus (CLE…

Das polyglanduläre Autoimmunsyndrom Typ II: Epidemiologie und Manifestationsformen

1999

Background and objective Polyglandular autoimmune syndrome (PAS), is characterized by the coexistence of several autoimmune diseases, affecting predominantly the endocrine glands. The juvenile form (PAS type I) is distinguished from the adult type II in which autoimmune thyroiditis, adrenal cortical insufficiency and diabetes mellitus type I predominate. The connections between epidemiological, clinical and immunological aspects were analysed and described in this study of patients with PAS type II. Patients and methods Among a total patient population of over 15,000 seen in our endocrinological university policlinic from 1992 through 1996, the clinical data of all 151 patients with PAS typ…

The matricellular protein SPARC supports follicular dendritic cell networking toward Th17 responses.

2011

Abstract Lymphnode swelling during immune responses is a transient, finely regulated tissue rearrangement, accomplished with the participation of the extracellular matrix. Here we show that murine and human reactive lymph nodes express SPARC in the germinal centres. Defective follicular dendritic cell networking in SPARC-deficient mice is accompanied by a severe delay in the arrangement of germinal centres and development of humoral autoimmunity, events that are linked to Th17 development. SPARC is required for the optimal and rapid differentiation of Th17 cells, accordingly we show delayed development of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis whose pathogenesis involves Th17. Not only h…

Autoimmune ear disease: clinical and diagnostic relevance in Cogan’s sydrome

2017

The autoimmune inner ear disease is a clinical syndrome with uncertain pathogenesis that is often associated to rapidly progressive hearing loss that, especially at the early stages of disease, may be at monoaural localization, although more often it is at binaural localization. It usually occurs as a sudden deafness, or a rapidly progressive sensorineural hearing loss. In this study a particular form of autoimmune inner ear disease is described, Cogan’s syndrome. Cogan’s syndrome is a chronic inflammatory disorder that most commonly affects young adults. Clinical hallmarks are interstitial keratitis, vestibular and auditory dysfunction. Associations between Cogan’s syndrome and systemic va…

Hodgkin's lymphoma of the thyroid in a woman with autoimmune thyroiditis

2015

Cross-reactivity of a pathogenic autoantibody to a tumor antigen in GABA(A) receptor encephalitis

2021

Encephalitis associated with antibodies against the neuronal gamma-aminobutyric acid A receptor (GABA A -R) is a rare form of autoimmune encephalitis. The pathogenesis is still unknown but autoimmune mechanisms were surmised. Here we identified a strongly expanded B cell clone in the cerebrospinal fluid of a patient with GABA A -R encephalitis. We expressed the antibody produced by it and showed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and immunohistochemistry that it recognizes the GABA A -R. Patch-clamp recordings revealed that it tones down inhibitory synaptic transmission and causes increased excitability of hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons. Thus, the antibody likely contributed to…

Autoimmunity seen through the SEREX-scope.

2003

Autoantibodies can be detected in autoimmune diseases with a long prodromal phase and may serve as early indicators of disease activity. Autoantibody-based screening methods are therefore potent tools for the identification of target antigens. The SEREX method (serological identification of antigens by recombinant expression cloning) has been developed for the serological definition of immunogenic tumor antigens. Recent studies indicate that the SEREX approach may also be utilized for the analysis of complex immune responses involved in autoimmune diseases.

Anti-C1q Autoantibodies in Lupus Nephritis: Prevalence and Clinical Significance

2005

Recently, anti-C1q autoantibodies have been proposed as a useful marker in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) since their occurrence correlates with renal involvement and, possibly, with nephritic activity. We aimed to evaluate the prevalence of anti-C1q antibodies in patients with SLE, with and without renal involvement, and to correlate these markers' presence and levels with the activity of the disease and nephropathy. We studied 61 patients with SLE, 40 of whom had biopsy-proven lupus nephritis; 35 patients with other connective tissue diseases; and 54 healthy controls. In addition, 18 lupus nephritis patients were followed up during the disease time course. Anti-C1q antibodies were mea…

Levothyroxine and insulin requirement in autoimmune polyglandular type 3 syndrome: a real-life study

2020

Abstract Purpose To evaluate factors influencing the insulin and levothyroxine requirement in patients with autoimmune polyglandular syndrome type 3 (APS-3) vs. patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and autoimmune hypothyroidism (AH) alone, respectively. Methods Fifty patients with APS-3, 60 patients with T1DM and 40 patients with AH were included. Anthropometric, clinical and biochemical parameters were evaluated in all patients. Insulin requirement was calculated in patients with APS-3 and T1DM, while levothyroxine requirement was calculated in APS-3 and AH. Results Patients with APS-3 showed higher age (p = 0.001), age of onset of diabetes (p = 0.006) and TSH (p = 0.004) and lowe…

Autoimmune Diabetes Induced by the β-cell Toxin STZ: Immunity to the 60-kDa Heat Shock Protein and to Insulin

1994

Administered at a suitably low dose, the toxin streptozotocin (STZ) can trigger an autoimmune process leading to destruction of the beta-cells of the pancreatic islets. In this study, we examined specific immunological reactions in mice before and during the development of STZ-induced autoimmune diabetes. We now report that the development of spontaneous autoantibodies to insulin can serve as a marker of susceptibility to a low dose of STZ. Susceptible male mice of the C57BL/KsJ strain manifested such anti-insulin antibodies, and resistant female mice did not. Administration of a low dose of STZ (five daily doses each of 30 mg/kg) induced transient hyperglycemia approximately 20-30 days lat…