Search results for "BIF"

showing 10 items of 539 documents

Two-photon laser dynamics.

1995

Degenerate as well as nondegenerate three-level two-photon laser (TPL) models are derived. In the limit of equal cavity losses for both fields, it is shown that the nondegenerate model reduces to the degenerate one. We also demonstrate the isomorphism existing between our degenerate TPL model and that of a dressed-state TPL. All these models contain ac-Stark and population-induced shifts at difference from effective Hamiltonian models. The influence of the parameters that control these shifts on the nonlinear dynamics of a TPL is investigated. In particular, the stability of the periodic orbits that arise at the Hopf bifurcation of the system and the extension of the self-pulsing domains of…

Hopf bifurcationPhysicssymbols.namesakeNonlinear systemPitchfork bifurcationQuantum mechanicsDegenerate energy levelssymbolsHomoclinic bifurcationSaddle-node bifurcationIsomorphismAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsHamiltonian (control theory)Physical review. A, Atomic, molecular, and optical physics
researchProduct

Invariant circles in the Bogdanov-Takens bifurcation for diffeomorphisms

1996

AbstractWe study a generic, real analytic unfolding of a planar diffeomorphism having a fixed point with unipotent linear part. In the analogue for vector fields an open parameter domain is known to exist, with a unique limit cycle. This domain is bounded by curves corresponding to a Hopf bifurcation and to a homoclinic connection. In the present case of analytic diffeomorphisms, a similar domain is shown to exist, with a normally hyperbolic invariant circle. It follows that all the ‘interesting’ dynamics, concerning the destruction of the invariant circle and the transition to trivial dynamics by the creation and death of homoclinic points, takes place in an exponentially small part of the…

Hopf bifurcationPure mathematicsApplied MathematicsGeneral MathematicsMathematical analysisFixed pointHomoclinic connectionsymbols.namesakeSEPARATRICESsymbolsHomoclinic bifurcationBogdanov–Takens bifurcationDiffeomorphismHomoclinic orbitInvariant (mathematics)Mathematics
researchProduct

Progress in Modelling Coherently Pumped Far-Infrared Laser Dynamics

1990

Coherently pumped lasers (CPL) operating in the far-infrared spectral region shown a wealth of instabilities1, including a behavior remarkably similar2,3 with the predictions of the paradigmatic Lorenz-Haken model of a single-mode homogeneously broadened laser4,5. The qualitative agreement; between theory and experiments2,3 was rather surprising, for the model4,5 refers to a two-level system whereas the CPL operate on a three-level scheme, where the pumping and lasing transitions share a common upper level. Dupertuis et al.6 have identified conditions for the mathematical reduction of the CPL equations to the Lorenz-Haken equations4, but these conditions were not all fulfilled in the experi…

Hopf bifurcationReduction (complexity)Physicssymbols.namesakelawFar-infrared laserDynamics (mechanics)symbolsBifurcation diagramLaserLasing thresholdComputational physicslaw.invention
researchProduct

Turing Instability and Pattern Formation for the Lengyel–Epstein System with Nonlinear Diffusion

2014

In this work we study the effect of density dependent nonlinear diffusion on pattern formation in the Lengyel---Epstein system. Via the linear stability analysis we determine both the Turing and the Hopf instability boundaries and we show how nonlinear diffusion intensifies the tendency to pattern formation; in particular, unlike the case of classical linear diffusion, the Turing instability can occur even when diffusion of the inhibitor is significantly slower than activator's one. In the Turing pattern region we perform the WNL multiple scales analysis to derive the equations for the amplitude of the stationary pattern, both in the supercritical and in the subcritical case. Moreover, we c…

Hopf bifurcationWork (thermodynamics)Partial differential equationApplied MathematicsMathematical analysisPattern formationInstabilityNonlinear diffusion Activator–inhibitor kinetics Turing instability Hopf bifurcation Amplitude equationsymbols.namesakeAmplitudesymbolsDiffusion (business)Settore MAT/07 - Fisica MatematicaTuringcomputerMathematicscomputer.programming_languageActa Applicandae Mathematicae
researchProduct

How to Get a Model in Pedestrian Dynamics to Produce Stop and Go Waves

2016

Stop and go waves in granular flow can often be described mathematically by a dynamical system with a Hopf bifurcation. We show that a certain class of microscopic, ordinary differential equation-based models in crowd dynamics fulfil certain conditions of Hopf bifurcations. The class is based on the Gradient Navigation Model. An interesting phenomenon arises: the number of pedestrians in the system must be greater than nine for a bifurcation—and hence for stop and go waves to be possible at all, independent of the density. Below this number, no parameter setting will cause the system to exhibit stable stop and go behaviour. The result is also interesting for car traffic, where similar model…

Hopf bifurcationsymbols.namesakeClass (set theory)Flow (mathematics)Dynamics (music)Computer scienceOrdinary differential equationsymbolsStop and goStatistical physicsPedestrianDynamical systemSimulation
researchProduct

AICA-ribosiduria due to ATIC deficiency: Delineation of the phenotype with three novel cases, and long-term update on the first case.

2020

5-Amino-4-imidazolecarboxamide-ribosiduria (AICA)-ribosiduria is an exceedingly rare autosomal recessive condition resulting from the disruption of the bifunctional purine biosynthesis protein PURH (ATIC), which catalyzes the last two steps of de novo purine synthesis. It is characterized biochemically by the accumulation of AICA-riboside in urine. AICA-ribosiduria had been reported in only one individual, 15 years ago. In this article, we report three novel cases of AICA-ribosiduria from two independent families, with two novel pathogenic variants in ATIC. We also provide a clinical update on the first patient. Based on the phenotypic features shared by these four patients, we define AICA-…

Hydroxymethyl and Formyl TransferasesMalemedicine.medical_specialtyCyclohydrolase activityBioinformaticsCongenital AbnormalitiesEpilepsyMultienzyme ComplexesIntellectual DisabilityGeneticsmedicineHumansBifunctional Purine Biosynthesis Protein PURHChildGenetics (clinical)ATIC DEFICIENCYEpilepsybusiness.industryInfant NewbornInfantmedicine.diseaseAminoimidazole CarboxamidePhenotypePhenotypeNucleotide DeaminasesChild PreschoolMutationMedical geneticsFemaleRibonucleosidesNephrocalcinosisbusinessRare diseaseJournal of inherited metabolic diseaseREFERENCES
researchProduct

Non-equivalent hyperbolic knots

2002

We construct, for each integer n 3, pairs of non-equivalent hyperbolic knots with the same 2fold and n-fold cyclic branched covers. We also discuss necessary conditions for such pairs of knots to exist.  2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. MSC: primary 57M25; secondary 57M12, 57M50

Hyperbolic knotsPure mathematicsQuantitative Biology::BiomoleculesCyclic branched coversHyperbolic groupSkein relationHyperbolic 3-manifoldOrbifoldsHyperbolic manifoldVolume conjectureMathematics::Geometric TopologyBonahon–Siebenmann decompositionKnot theoryAlgebraIntegerGeometry and TopologyMathematicsTopology and its Applications
researchProduct

Organocatalytic Enantioselective Friedel–Crafts Aminoalkylation of Indoles in the Carbocyclic Ring

2016

The first general catalytic method for the, so far elusive, enantioselective Friedel−Crafts functionalization of indoles in the carbocyclic ring is presented. This transformation contrasts with the usual tendency of these heterocycles to react at the azole ring. For this purpose, the four regioisomeric hydroxy carbocyclic-substituted indoles were reacted with several isatinderived ketimines, using a Cinchona alkaloid-based squaramide, in a low 0.5−5 mol % catalyst loading, as a bifunctional catalyst. This methodology allows the functionalization of indoles in every position of the carbocyclic ring in a regio- and enantioselective fashion, by switching only the position of the hydroxy group …

IndolesIsatin-derived ketiminesCinchona010402 general chemistryRing (chemistry)01 natural sciencesCatalysisReductive eliminationFriedel−Crafts reactionPhenolsAsymmetric catalysisOrganic chemistryFriedel–Crafts reactionbiologyOrganocatalysis010405 organic chemistryChemistrySquaramideEnantioselective synthesisQuímicaGeneral Chemistrybiology.organism_classification0104 chemical sciencesBifunctional catalystFISICA APLICADAOrganocatalysisACS Catalysis
researchProduct

Synthesis of oligomeric chains with 9,10‐dihydroanthracene units by carbanion alkylation

1988

Deprotonation of 9,10-dihydroanthracene (2) affords the monoanion 6 which is subjected to alkylation reactions with mono and bifunctional electrophiles. Crucial intermediates in syntheses using 6 are 9-(3-bromopropyl)-9,10-dihydroanthracene (7) and 1,3-bis(9,10-dihydro-9-anthryl)propane (9) since they provide access to linear oligomers in which 9,10-dihydroanthracene units are linked by trimethylene groups. The alkylation processes of these species can be extended to the structurally related polymer 4. The regio- and stereoselectivity of the alkylation reactions are investigated by 1H- and 13C-NMR spectroscopy. Oligomere Ketten mit 9,10-Dihydroanthracen-Einheiten durch Carbanionalkylierung …

Inorganic Chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundDeprotonationchemistryStereochemistryElectrophileRegioselectivityStereoselectivity910-DihydroanthraceneAlkylationBifunctionalCarbanionChemische Berichte
researchProduct

Preclinical immunomodulation by the probiotic Bifidobacterium breve M-16V in early life

2016

This study aimed to investigate the effect of supplementation with the probiotic Bifidobacterium breve M-16V on the maturation of the intestinal and circulating immune system during suckling. In order to achieve this purpose, neonatal Lewis rats were supplemented with the probiotic strain from the 6th to the 18th day of life. The animals were weighed during the study, and faecal samples were obtained and evaluated daily. On day 19, rats were euthanized and intestinal wash samples, mesenteric lymph node (MLN) cells, splenocytes and intraepithelial lymphocytes (IEL) were obtained. The probiotic supplementation in early life did not modify the growth curve and did not enhance the systemic immu…

IntegrinsPhysiologySuplements nutritiuslcsh:MedicineBifidobacterium breveFecesPregnancyImmune PhysiologyCellular typesMedicine and Health SciencesLymphocyteslcsh:ScienceRates (Animals de laboratori)Immune cellsDietary supplementsProbiòticsExtracellular MatrixWhite blood cellsFemaleAnatomyCellular Structures and OrganellesResearch ArticleCell biologyBlood cellsImmunologyT cellsRats as laboratory animalsCytotoxic T cellsSistema immunològicMicrobiologydigestive systemImmunomodulationCell AdhesionAnimalsImmunity MucosalBacteriaProbioticslcsh:RGut BacteriaOrganismsBiology and Life SciencesRatsGastrointestinal TractLactobacillusImmune systemAnimal cellsRats Inbred LewDietary Supplementslcsh:QLymph NodesDigestive SystemSpleen
researchProduct