Search results for "BIOFILM"

Chemistry and bioactivity of natural products

2011

The evolution and changing ecology of the African hominid oral microbiome

2021

Significance The microbiome plays key roles in human health, but little is known about its evolution. We investigate the evolutionary history of the African hominid oral microbiome by analyzing dental biofilms of humans and Neanderthals spanning the past 100,000 years and comparing them with those of chimpanzees, gorillas, and howler monkeys. We identify 10 core bacterial genera that have been maintained within the human lineage and play key biofilm structural roles. However, many remain understudied and unnamed. We find major taxonomic and functional differences between the oral microbiomes of Homo and chimpanzees but a high degree of similarity between Neanderthals and modern humans, incl…

The influence of solid retention time on IFAS-MBR systems: analysis of system behavior.

2018

A University of Cape Town Integrated Fixed-Film Activated Sludge Membrane Bioreactor (UCT-IFAS-MBR) pilot plant was operated at different values of the sludge retention time (SRT). Three SRTs were investigated at different durations: indefinitely, 30 and 15 days. The organic carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus removal, kinetic/stoichiometric parameters, membrane fouling tendency and sludge filtration properties were assessed. The findings showed that by decreasing the SRT, the pilot plant could maintain excellent carbon removal efficiencies throughout the experiments. In contrast, the biological carbon removal showed a slight nitrification and was slightly affected by the decrease of the SRT, s…

Warming and acidification effects on biofilm/grazer interaction in an early-stage rocky intertidal community

2016

Anthropogenic carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions are increasing greenhouse effects and changing seawater carbonate chemistry, leading to ocean warming and acidification. Increasing temperature and decreasing seawater pH can potentially interact to cause changes in species interactions and community shifts. To understand how ocean warming and acidification may affect the early stages of an intertidal community in the Mediterranean, we set up an in situ experiment and assessed potential changes in grazer density andbiofilm composition by manipulating temperature on bare rock plots (10x10cm)in two locations along a natural coastal CO2 gradient (Low pH: 7.8 pH, and Ambient:8.1 pH) off Vulcano Islan…

Engineering Bacteria to Form a Biofilm and Induce Clumping in Caenorhabditis elegans

2014

Bacteria are needed for a vast range of biotechnological processes, which they carry out either as pure cultures or in association with other bacteria and/or fungi. The potential of bacteria as biofactories is hampered, though, by their limited mobility in solid or semisolid media such as agricultural or domestic waste. This work represents an attempt toward overcoming this limitation by associating bacterial biotechnological properties with the transport ability of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. We report here biofilm formation on C. elegans by engineered Escherichia coli expressing a Xhenorhabdus nematophila adhesion operon and induction of nematode social feeding behavior (clumping…

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL DENTISTRY

2018

Diagnosis and Management of Oral Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis Emanoele Paixão da Silva Silva, Carina Myung Rodenbeck, Monira Samáan Kallas, Cássia Maria Fischer Rubira, and Paulo Sérgio da Silva Santos Mandibular-Infected Buccal Cyst: Unique Radiographic Appearance Gustavo Zanna Ferreira, Cássia Maria Fischer Rubira, Letícia Rodrigues Nery, Alberto Consolaro, Izabel Regina Fischer Rubira-Bullen, and Paulo Sérgio da Silva Santos PRF - The Magical Resort in Surgical Dentistry Archana Mootha, Julie Toby Thomas, Sankari Malaiappan, Sheeja S. Varghese, and N. D. Jayakumar Endodontic Management of a Macrodont: A Rare Tooth Anomaly Rahul Rathi and Priti Saroha Maxillary Canine Root Resorption Con…

Investigation of biocenosis in a archaeological rock-cut settlements with relevant historic-artistic evidences. A case study in South-east of Sicily.

2011

Development of natural and synthetic compounds as kinase inhibitors targeting cancer cells and cancer stem cells

2023

Biofilm and Orthodontic Therapy

2020

Dental biofilms can cause major oral diseases like gingivitis, periodontitis, and caries. Orthodontic appliances promote supra- and subgingival biofilm accumulation, alter the oral microbiome, and hamper oral hygiene. Orthodontic treatment can be associated with adverse effects, such as enamel decalcification, gingivitis, and periodontal disease. The aim of this review is to summarize the changes in supra- and subgingival biofilm and periodontal tissues during and after orthodontic treatment. Studies have reported elevated levels of Streptococcus mutans and periodontopathogenic bacteria in patients undergoing orthodontic treatment. In general, the microbial changes and periodontal parameter…

Synthesis and anti-staphylococcal activity of new 4-diazopyrazole derivatives.

2012

Abstract Several new 4-diazopyrazole derivatives 6a – g and 9a – c were obtained by the reaction of 1-(R-substituted-phenyl)-3-(1,3-dimethyl-1 H -pyrazol-5-yl)ureas 5a – g and N -(1,3-dimethyl-1 H -pyrazol-5-yl)-2-(R-substituted-phenyl)acetamides 8a – c respectively with a sevenfold excess of nitrous acid in acetic acid solution. The compounds were assayed for their activity against the Staphylococcus aureus reference strains ATCC 25923, ATCC 29213 and ATCC 6538, as well as six veterinary strains. The best anti-staphylococcal profile was showed by [(R-substituted-phenyl)acetyl](4-diazonio-1,3-dimethyl-1 H -pyrazol-5-yl)azanides 9a , c . Compound 9c was also able at 3.1 μg mL −1 to inhibit o…