Search results for "BLAST"
showing 10 items of 2136 documents
Persistent inflammation alters the function of the endogenous brain stem cell compartment
2008
Endogenous neural stem/precursor cells (NPCs) are considered a functional reservoir for promoting tissue homeostasis and repair after injury, therefore regenerative strategies that mobilize these cells have recently been proposed. Despite evidence of increased neurogenesis upon acute inflammatory insults (e.g. ischaemic stroke), the plasticity of the endogenous brain stem cell compartment in chronic CNS inflammatory disorders remains poorly characterized. Here we show that persistent brain inflammation, induced by immune cells targeting myelin, extensively alters the proliferative and migratory properties of subventricular zone (SVZ)-resident NPCs in vivo leading to significant accumulation…
Terpenoid treatment in osteoporosis: this is where we have come in research.
2021
Lower bone resistance to load is due to the imbalance of bone homeostasis, where excessive bone resorption, compared with bone formation, determines a progressive osteopenia, leading to a high risk of fractures and consequent pain and functional limitations. Terpenoids, with their activities against bone resorption, have recently received increased attention from researchers. They are potentially more suitable for long-term use compared with traditional therapeutics. In this review of the literature of the past 5 years, we provide comprehensive information on terpenoids, with their anti-osteoporotic effects, highlighting molecular mechanisms that are often in epigenetic key and a possible p…
Non-flavonoid polyphenols in osteoporosis: preclinical evidence
2021
The development of progressive osteopenia and osteoporosis (OP) is due to the imbalance between bone resorption and bone formation, determining a lower bone resistance, major risks of fractures, with consequent pain and functional limitations. Flavonoids, a class of polyphenols, have been extensively studied for their therapeutic activities against bone resorption, but less attention has been given to a whole series of molecules belonging to the polyphenolic compounds. However, these classes have begun to be studied for the treatment of OP. In this systematic review, comprehensive information is provided on non-flavonoid polyphenolic compounds, and we highlight pathways implicated in the ac…
Flavonoids in Bone Erosive Diseases: Perspectives in Osteoporosis Treatment
2020
Imbalance of bone homeostasis, with excessive bone resorption compared with bone formation, leads to the development of progressive osteopenia leading to lower bone resistance to load, with consequent pain and functional limitations. Phytochemicals with therapeutic and preventive effects against bone resorption have recently received increasing attention since they are potentially more suitable for long-term use than traditional therapeutic chemical compounds. In this systematic review of the literature of the past 5 years, comprehensive information is provided on flavonoids with potential antiresorption and pro-osteogenic effects. It aims to highlight the molecular mechanisms of these mole…
A combined approach for gene discovery identifies insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-related protein 1 as a new gene implicated in human endo…
2003
In the past, human endometrial receptivity has been investigated by chasing specific molecules throughout the menstrual cycle. Now the genomic approach allows us to investigate the hierarchical contribution of a high number of genes to a specific function. In this study, we analyzed differentially the gene expression pattern of 375 human cytokines, chemokines, and related factors, plus that of their receptors, in endometrial receptivity. To do this, we used a combined approach of human endometrium and cell lines. We have compared the gene expression pattern in receptive vs. prereceptive human endometria and contrasted the results with gene expression in the highly adhesive cell line (to JAR…
Hsa-miR-30d, secreted by the human endometrium, is taken up by the pre-implantation embryo and might modify its transcriptome.
2015
During embryo implantation, the blastocyst interacts with and regulates the endometrium, and endometrial fluid secreted by the endometrial epithelium nurtures the embryo. Here, we propose that maternal microRNAs (miRNAs) might act as transcriptomic modifier of the pre-implantation embryo. Microarray profiling revealed that six of 27 specific, maternal miRNAs were differentially expressed in the human endometrial epithelium during the window of implantation – a brief phase of endometrial receptivity to the blastocyst – and were released into the endometrial fluid. Further investigation revealed that hsa-miR-30d, the expression levels of which were most significantly upregulated, was secreted…
A 5-year multicentre randomized controlled trial comparing personalized, frozen and fresh blastocyst transfer in IVF.
2020
Abstract Research question Does clinical performance of personalized embryo transfer (PET) guided by endometrial receptivity analysis (ERA) differ from frozen embryo transfer (FET) or fresh embryo transfer in infertile patients undergoing IVF? Design Multicentre, open-label randomized controlled trial; 458 patients aged 37 years or younger undergoing IVF with blastocyst transfer at first appointment were randomized to PET guided by ERA, FET or fresh embryo transfer in 16 reproductive clinics. Results Clinical outcomes by intention-to-treat analysis were comparable, but cumulative pregnancy rate was significantly higher in the PET (93.6%) compared with FET (79.7%) (P = 0.0005) and fresh embr…
Characterization of the cleavage site and function of resulting cleavage fragments after limited proteolysis of Clostridium difficile toxin B (TcdB) …
2005
Clostridium difficiletoxin B (TcdB) is a single-stranded protein consisting of a C-terminal domain responsible for binding to the host cell membrane, a middle part involved in internalization, and the N-terminal catalytic (toxic) part. This study shows that TcdB is processed by a single proteolytic step which cleaves TcdB10463between Leu543and Gly544and the naturally occurring variant TcdB8864between Leu544and Gly545. The cleavage occurs at neutral pH and is catalysed by a pepstatin-sensitive protease localized in the cytoplasm and on the cytoplasmic face of intracellular membranes. The smaller N-terminal cleavage products [63 121 Da (TcdB10463) and 62 761 Da (TcdB8864)] harbour the cytotox…
Lipase maturation factor 1 is required for endothelial lipase activity
2011
Lipase maturation factor 1 (Lmf1) is an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane protein involved in the posttranslational folding and/or assembly of lipoprotein lipase (LPL) and hepatic lipase (HL) into active enzymes. Mutations in Lmf1 are associated with diminished LPL and HL activities ("combined lipase deficiency") and result in severe hypertriglyceridemia in mice as well as in human subjects. Here, we investigate whether endothelial lipase (EL) also requires Lmf1 to attain enzymatic activity. We demonstrate that cells harboring a (cld) loss-of-function mutation in the Lmf1 gene are unable to generate active EL, but they regain this capacity after reconstitution with the Lmf1 wild type. Fur…
Endothelin-1 modulates the expression of adhesion molecules on fibroblast-like synovial cells (FLS)
1996
Endothelin-1 is known to possess various biological properties. In the present study we have investigated the effects of Endothelin-1 (Et-1) on the expression of adhesion molecules ICAM-1, VCAM-1 and CD-44 by fibroblast-like synoviocytes. Cultured fibroblast-like synoviocytes were treated with Et-1 in the absence or presence of C1306, a specific endothelin-A-receptor antagonist. Cell surface expression of ICAM-1, VCAM-1 and CD-44 was determined by immunofluorescence studies, Cyto-ELISA and FACS-analysis. ICAM-1, VCAM-1 and CD-44 were constitutively expressed on cultured FLS. After incubation with Et-1 the expression of ICAM-1, VCAM-1 and CD-44 increased. The level of expression of adhesion …