Search results for "Bacteria"

showing 10 items of 4919 documents

Molybdenum blue: Binding to collagen fibres and microcrystal formation

2005

Collagen fibres have been shown by transmission electron microscopy to progressively bind the polyoxomolybdate ring-complex, termed molybdenum blue. Nucleation of cuboidal molybdenum blue microcrystals occurs on the surface of the collagen fibres, leading eventually to extensive coating of the fibres with microcrystals.

inorganic chemicalsMaterials scienceInorganic chemistryNucleationGeneral Physics and Astronomyengineering.materialMicroscopy Electron TransmissionCoatingMolybdenum blueStructural BiologyCollagen fibresAnimalsGeneral Materials ScienceMuscle SkeletalMolybdenumAmmonium molybdateStaining and LabelingCell BiologyCollagen fibreenzymes and coenzymes (carbohydrates)Chemical engineeringTransmission electron microscopyengineeringbacteriaCollagenCrystallizationMicron
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Modeling of the N-terminal Section and the Lumenal Loop of Trimeric Light Harvesting Complex II (LHCII) by Using EPR

2015

The major light harvesting complex II (LHCII) of green plants plays a key role in the absorption of sunlight, the regulation of photosynthesis, and in preventing photodamage by excess light. The latter two functions are thought to involve the lumenal loop and the N-terminal domain. Their structure and mobility in an aqueous environment are only partially known. Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) has been used to measure the structure of these hydrophilic protein domains in detergent-solubilized LHCII. A new technique is introduced to prepare LHCII trimers in which only one monomer is spin-labeled. These heterogeneous trimers allow to measure intra-molecular distances within one LHCII mon…

inorganic chemicalsModels MolecularProtein ConformationProtein domainTrimerContext (language use)complex mixturesBiochemistrylaw.inventionchemistry.chemical_compoundBiopolymersProtein structurelawElectron paramagnetic resonanceMolecular BiologySuperhelixfungiElectron Spin Resonance SpectroscopyPhotosystem II Protein ComplexCell Biologyequipment and suppliesCrystallographyMonomerModels ChemicalchemistryThylakoidProtein Structure and FoldingbacteriaJournal of Biological Chemistry
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Mössbauer spectroscopy on the reaction center of Rhodopseudomonas viridis

1992

Proteins called “reaction centers” (RC) can be isolated from many photosynthetic bacteria. They have one non-heme iron in a quinone acceptor region. The RC of Rhodopseudomonas viridis contains an additional tightly bound tetra-heme cytochrome c subunit. The electronic configuration of both cytochrome and the non-heme iron has been studied in the crystallized protein by Mossbauer spectroscopy at different redox potentials, pH-values, and with an addition of o-phenanthroline. At high potentials (Eh=+500mV) all heme irons are in the low spin Fe3+-state, and at low potential (Eh=−150mV) they are low spin Fe2+ with the same Mossbauer parameters for all hemes independent of pH. Redox titrations c…

inorganic chemicalsPhotosynthetic reaction centreNuclear and High Energy PhysicsbiologyCytochromeCytochrome cCondensed Matter PhysicsPhotochemistryRedoxAtomic and Molecular Physics and Opticschemistry.chemical_compoundCrystallographychemistryRedox titrationMössbauer spectroscopybiology.proteinPhotosynthetic bacteriaPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryHemeHyperfine Interactions
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Truncated recombinant light harvesting complex II proteins are substrates for a protein kinase associated with photosystem II core complexes

1998

AbstractPrevious studies directed towards understanding phosphorylation of the chlorophyll a/b binding proteins comprising light harvesting complex II (LHC II) have concentrated on a single phosphorylation site located close to the N-terminus of the mature proteins. Here we show that a series of recombinant pea Lhcb1 proteins, each missing an N-terminal segment including this site, are nevertheless phosphorylated by a protein kinase associated with a photosystem II core complex preparation. An Lhcb1 protein missing the first 58 amino acid residues is not, however, phosphorylated. The results demonstrate that the LHC II proteins are phosphorylated at one or more sites, the implications of wh…

inorganic chemicalsPhotosystem IIMacromolecular SubstancesMolecular Sequence DataPhotosynthetic Reaction Center Complex ProteinsLight-Harvesting Protein ComplexesBiophysicsmacromolecular substancesBiologyBiochemistryDNA-binding proteinProtein kinaseThylakoid membraneSubstrate Specificitylaw.inventionStructural BiologylawGeneticsProtein phosphorylationAmino Acid SequencePhosphorylationProtein kinase AMolecular BiologyPlant ProteinsKinasePeasPeaPhotosystem II Protein Complexfood and beveragesCell BiologySpinachPeptide FragmentsRecombinant Proteinsenzymes and coenzymes (carbohydrates)BiochemistryThylakoidRecombinant DNALight harvesting proteinPhosphorylationbacteriaCarrier ProteinsProtein KinasesFEBS Letters
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Water Fluxes in Polymeric Membranes for Desalination via Membrane Distillation

2010

Membrane distillation is an emerging technique for seawater desalination. Hydrophobic polymeric membranes are used to separate the solute‐free water vapour from the hot solution. Vapour fluxes of commercial polymeric membranes were measured in various conditions, i.e. natural and forced convection and vacuum. Vapour fluxes were also predicted with models and compared with experimentals. Higher fluxes were recorded in vacuum conditions.

inorganic chemicalsPhysics::Biological PhysicsSettore ING-IND/24 - Principi Di Ingegneria ChimicaChemistryDiffusiontechnology industry and agriculturemembrane distillationPortable water purificationMembrane distillationDesalinationQuantitative Biology::Cell BehaviorForced convectionPhysics::Fluid DynamicsQuantitative Biology::Subcellular ProcessesdesalinationMembraneChemical engineeringEnvironmental chemistrypolymeric membranebiological scienceshealth occupationsbacteriaPolymeric membranePhysics::Atmospheric and Oceanic PhysicsWater vapor
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Role of glutathione in the formation of the active form of the oxygen sensor FNR ([4Fe-4S]·FNR) and in the control of FNR function

2000

The oxygen sensor regulator FNR (fumarate nitrate reductase regulator) of Escherichia coli is known to be inactivated by O2 as the result of conversion of a [4Fe-4S] cluster of the protein into a [2Fe-2S] cluster. Further incubation with O2 causes loss of the [2Fe-2S] cluster and production of apoFNR. The reactions involved in cluster assembly and reductive activation of apoFNR isolated under anaerobic or aerobic conditions were studied in vivo and in vitro. In a gshA mutant of E. coli that was completely devoid of glutathione, the O2 tension for the regulatory switch for FNR-dependent gene regulation was decreased by a factor of 4–5 compared with the wild-type, suggesting a role for glutat…

inorganic chemicalsReducing agentCysteine desulfuraseMutantRegulatormacromolecular substancesGlutathioneBiologymedicine.disease_causeNitrate reductaseenvironment and public healthBiochemistryenzymes and coenzymes (carbohydrates)chemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryBiochemistrymedicinebacteriaEscherichia coliCysteineEuropean Journal of Biochemistry
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Mössbauer Spectroscopy on Photosynthetic Bacteria: Investigation of Reaction Centers of Rhodopseudomonas Viridis

1990

Crystals of 57Fe enriched reaction centers have been investigated by Mossbauer spectroscopy. The cytochrome irons are in the low spin ferric state. The non-heme iron of the electron accepting side is partly ferrous high spin and partly ferrous low spin (or ferric high spin). Under the conditions of the experiment sodium ascorbate reduces only one cytochrome iron into the ferrous low spin state. Membrane bound proteins become flexible at higher temperatures than proteins with a hydrophilic surface. They are also less flexible, at least up to temperatures of about 250 K.

inorganic chemicalsSodium ascorbateSpin statesCytochromebiologyPhotochemistryFerrouschemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryMössbauer spectroscopymedicinebiology.proteinFerricPhotosynthetic bacteriaSpin (physics)medicine.drug
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ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and anti-Staphylococcal Activity of New Halogenated Pyrroles Related to Pyrrolomycins F.

2008

The chemical synthesis of new halogenated pyrroles related to pyrrolomycins F is described and the anti-staphylococcal activity compared. The replacement of 4′-bromo atom of parent compounds with two chloro atoms at 3′ and 5′ position increase the antibacterial activity against a reference strain of S. aureus.

inorganic chemicalsStrain (chemistry)StereochemistryChemistryStructure–activity relationshipGeneral MedicineAntibacterial activityChemical synthesisPyrrole derivativesChemInform
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Synthesis, characterization and antimicrobial activity of palladium(II) complexes with some alkyl derivates of thiosalicylic acids: Crystal structure…

2012

Abstract S-Alkyl (R = benzyl, methyl, ethyl, propyl and butyl) derivatives of thiosalicylic acid and the corresponding palladium(II) complexes were prepared and their structures were proposed on the basis of infrared, 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy. The cis geometrical configurations of the isolated complexes were proposed on the basis of an X-ray structural study of the bis(S-benzyl-thiosalicylate)–palladium(II), [Pd(S-bz-thiosal)2] complex. Antimicrobial activity of the tested compounds was evaluated by determining the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum microbicidal concentration (MMC) in relation to 26 species of microorganisms. The tested ligands, with a few exceptions, sho…

inorganic chemicalschemistry.chemical_classificationThiosalicylic acidbiologyStereochemistrychemistry.chemical_elementCrystal structurebiology.organism_classificationAntimicrobialMedicinal chemistryAspergillus fumigatusInorganic Chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundMinimum inhibitory concentrationchemistryMaterials ChemistryPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryAntibacterial activityta116AlkylPalladiumPolyhedron
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Nitrate removal microbiology in woodchip bioreactors : a case-study with full-scale bioreactors treating aquaculture effluents

2020

Woodchip bioreactors are viable low-cost nitrate (NO3−) removal applications for treating agricultural and aquaculture discharges. The active microbial biofilms growing on woodchips are conducting nitrogen (N) removal, reducing NO3− while oxidizing the carbon (C) from woodchips. However, bioreactor age, and changes in the operating conditions or in the microbial community might affect the NO3− removal as well as potentially promote nitrous oxide (N2O) production through either incomplete denitrification or dissimilatory NO3− reduction to ammonium (DNRA). Here, we combined stable isotope approach, amplicon sequencing, and captured metagenomics for studying the potential NO3− removal rates, a…

inorganic chemicalsdenitrifikaatioEnvironmental EngineeringDenitrification010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciencesNitrogenAquaculture010501 environmental sciences01 natural sciencesDenitrifying bacteriachemistry.chemical_compoundBioreactorstyppiNitraterecirculation aquaculture systemsBioreactorEnvironmental ChemistryWaste Management and DisposalEffluentvesiviljely (kalatalous)0105 earth and related environmental sciencesNitratesdenitrificationnitrous oxideorganic chemicalsfood and beveragesRecirculating aquaculture systemdityppioksidiequipment and suppliesPollution6. Clean waterDNRAnitrogen removalchemistryMicrobial population biology13. Climate actionEnvironmental chemistrybioreaktoritDenitrificationWoodchips
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