Search results for "Bases"

ChemInform Abstract: Low-Loading Asymmetric Organocatalysis

2012

Asymmetric organocatalysis is now recognized as the third pillar of asymmetric synthesis. Recent years have witnessed increasing interest towards the use of highly active and stereoselective organocatalysts. This critical review documents the advances in the development of chiral organocatalysts which are systematically used in ≤3 mol% loading in all the sub-areas of the field, namely aminocatalysis, Bronsted acids and bases, Lewis acids and bases, hydrogen bond-mediated catalysis, phase transfer and N-heterocyclic carbene catalyses (194 references).

Kronenether mit einem Lewis-sauren Zentrum, eine neue Klasse heterotoper Wirtmoleküle

1991

Aminosäureester als chirale Hilfsgruppen in Lewis-Säure-katalysierten Umsetzungen elektronenreicher Siloxydiene mit Iminen

1990

ChemInform Abstract: Reversal of Asymmetric Induction in Stereoselective Strecker Synthesis on Galactosyl Amine as the Chiral Matrix.

1989

Abstract The reversal of the direction of asymmetric induction in Lewis acid catalyzed Strecker synthesis using the 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-pivaloyl-β-D-galactopyranosyl amine 1 is described. In isopropanol or tetrahydrofuran 1 had given ( R )-diastereomers of the corresponding α-amino nitriles preferably. However, in chloroform in the presence of heterogeneous zinc chloride the same auxiliary alternatively leads to an excess of the ( S )-diastereomers.

Nickel as a Lewis Base in a T‐Shaped Nickel(0) Germylene Complex Incorporating a Flexible Bis(NHC) Ligand

2018

Flexible, chelating bis(NHC) ligand 2, able to accommodate both cis- and trans-coordination modes, was used to synthesize (2)Ni(η 2 -cod), 3. In reaction with GeCl2, this produced (2)NiGeCl2, 4, featuring a T-shaped Ni(0) and a pyramidal Ge center. Complex 4 could also be prepared from [(2)GeCl]Cl, 5, and Ni(cod)2, in a reaction that formally involved Ni-Ge transmetalation, followed by coordination of the extruded GeCl2 moiety to Ni. A computational analysis showed that 4 possesses considerable multiconfigurational character and the Ni→Ge bond is formed through σ-donation from the Ni 4s, 4p, and 3d orbitals to Ge. (NHC)2Ni(cod) complexes 9 and 10, as well as (NHC)2GeCl2 derivative 11, incor…

The Aluminyl Anion : A New Generation of Aluminium Nucleophile

2020

Trivalent aluminium compounds are well known for their reactivity as Lewis acids/electrophiles, a feature that is exploited in many pharmaceutical, industrial and laboratory-based reactions. Recently, a series of isolable aluminium(I) anions ('aluminyls') have been reported, which offer an alternative to this textbook description: these reagents behave as aluminium nucleophiles. This minireview covers the synthesis, structure and reactivity of aluminyl species reported to date, together with their associated metal complexes. The frontier orbitals of each of these species have been investigated using a common methodology to allow for a like-for-like comparison of their electronic structure a…

Computational cluster validation for microarray data analysis: experimental assessment of Clest, Consensus Clustering, Figure of Merit, Gap Statistic…

2008

Abstract Background Inferring cluster structure in microarray datasets is a fundamental task for the so-called -omic sciences. It is also a fundamental question in Statistics, Data Analysis and Classification, in particular with regard to the prediction of the number of clusters in a dataset, usually established via internal validation measures. Despite the wealth of internal measures available in the literature, new ones have been recently proposed, some of them specifically for microarray data. Results We consider five such measures: Clest, Consensus (Consensus Clustering), FOM (Figure of Merit), Gap (Gap Statistics) and ME (Model Explorer), in addition to the classic WCSS (Within Cluster…

HOWERD: A Hidden Markov Model for Automatic OWL-ERD Alignment

2016

The HOWERD model for estimating the most likely alignment between an OWL ontology and an Entity Relation Diagram (ERD) is presented. Automatic alignment between relational schema and ontology represents a big challenge in Semantic Web research due to the different expressiveness of these representations. A relational schema is less expressive than the ontology; this is a non trivial problem when accessing data via an ontology and for ontology storing by means of a relational schema. Existent alignment methodologies fail in loosing some contents of the involved representations because the ontology captures more semantic information, and several elements are left unaligned. HOWERD relies on a…

Tulkošanas stratēģijas Valsts Centrālās bankas gada pārskata ievadā

2020

Finanšu tulkošana ir ļoti sarežģīts un augsti pieprasīts mūsdienās specializētās tulkošanas veids, kura kvalitāte ir cieši saistīta ar pareizu tulkošanas stratēģiju un rīku izvēli. Lai identificētu tulkošanas pieejas un stratēģijas, kas ir ieteicamās konkrētajā specializētās valodas apakš-žanrā, ir svarīgi izanalizēt labākus šī apakš-žanra tulkojumus. Šī maģistra darba mērķis – ir izpētīt tulkošanas stratēģijas, kas ir visbiežāk pielietotās konkrētā finanšu tulkojumu apakš-žanrā – Valsts Centrālās bankas gada pārskata ievadā. Pētāmo tekstu korpuss tika sastādīts no tādu valsts banku un starptautisko finanšu institūciju kā LB, CBR, ECB un EBRD gada pārskatiem, laika periodā no 2009. līdz 201…

Crystal structure ofS-octyl (E)-3-(4-methoxybenzylidene)dithiocarbazate

2015

As already observed in similar molecules, the dithiocarbazate group in the title compound, C17H26N2OS2, adopts anEEconfiguration with respect to the C=N bond of the benzylidene moiety. In the crystal, molecules are connected into inversion dimers by pairs of N—H...S hydrogen bonds. The dimers are linked by weak π–π interactions, with centroid-to-centroid distances of 3.723 (11) Å, forming chains parallel to [110].