Search results for "Beam"

showing 10 items of 2126 documents

Sawtooth-wave adiabatic-passage slowing of dysprosium

2018

We report on sawtooth wave adiabatic passage (SWAP) slowing of bosonic and fermionic dysprosium isotopes by using a 136 kHz wide transition at 626 nm. A beam of precooled atoms is further decelerated in one dimension by the SWAP force and the amount of atoms at near zero velocity is measured. We demonstrate that the SWAP slowing can be twice as fast as in a conventional optical molasses operated on the same transition. In addition, we investigate the parameter range for which the SWAP force is efficiently usable in our set-up, and relate the results to the adiabaticity condition. Furthermore, we add losses to the hyperfine ground-state population of fermionic dysprosium during deceleration …

Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)PopulationFOS: Physical scienceschemistry.chemical_elementSawtooth wave01 natural sciencesPhysics - Atomic Physics010305 fluids & plasmas0103 physical sciencesPhysics::Atomic Physics010306 general physicsAdiabatic processeducationHyperfine structurePhysicsQuantum PhysicsRange (particle radiation)education.field_of_studychemistryQuantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)Optical molassesDysprosiumAtomic physicsQuantum Physics (quant-ph)Condensed Matter - Quantum GasesBeam (structure)Physical Review A
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Thin Film Characterisation Using MeV Ion Beams

2009

This chapter focuses on the characterisation of very thin films having thicknesses from a few nanometres to tens of nanometres. The driving force for the ion beam analysis community has mostly been the rapid development of microelectronics — all the elements in new thin SiO2 replacing dielectrics, diffusion barriers, and silicide contacts need to be analysed with a depth resolution even better than a nanometre. This together with new film deposition techniques like atomic layer deposition (ALD) [1] have given a push to the ion beam analysis community to develop new and better techniques using energetic (>0.5 MeV) ion beams.

Atomic layer depositionIon beam depositionMaterials scienceIon beam analysisIon beamIon beam mixingbusiness.industryOptoelectronicsMicroelectronicsThin filmbusinessFocused ion beam
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Fabrication of layered nanostructures by successive electron beam induced deposition with two precursors: protective capping of metallic iron structu…

2011

We report on the stepwise generation of layered nanostructures via electron beam induced deposition (EBID) using organometallic precursor molecules in ultra-high vacuum (UHV). In a first step a metallic iron line structure was produced using iron pentacarbonyl; in a second step this nanostructure was then locally capped with a 2-3 nm thin titanium oxide-containing film fabricated from titanium tetraisopropoxide. The chemical composition of the deposited layers was analyzed by spatially resolved Auger electron spectroscopy. With spatially resolved x-ray absorption spectroscopy at the Fe L₃ edge, it was demonstrated that the thin capping layer prevents the iron structure from oxidation upon e…

Auger electron spectroscopyMaterials scienceNanostructureAbsorption spectroscopyMechanical Engineeringtechnology industry and agricultureAnalytical chemistrychemistry.chemical_elementBioengineeringGeneral ChemistryElectron spectroscopyIron pentacarbonylchemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryChemical engineeringMechanics of MaterialsGeneral Materials ScienceElectrical and Electronic EngineeringElectron beam-induced depositionLayer (electronics)TitaniumNanotechnology
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Effect of the surface stoichiometry on the interaction of Mo with TiO2 (110)

2000

Abstract Molydenum has been deposited at room temperature on (110) TiO2 surfaces with different stoichiometries, roughnesses and crystallinities. Whatever the substrate preparation is, in-situ Auger electron spectroscopy (AES) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) studies as well as ex-situ atomic force microscopy (AFM) and reflexion high-energy electron diffraction (RHEED) studies reveal a Stranski–Krastanov growth mode: the completion of three monolayers followed by islands growth is observed in every case. The three monolayers are always composed of amorphous molybdenum oxide with an oxidation state of molybdenum less than IV. The oxidation of the molybdenum layers generates Ti3+ an…

Auger electron spectroscopyReflection high-energy electron diffractionChemistryAnalytical chemistrychemistry.chemical_elementSurfaces and InterfacesSubstrate (electronics)Condensed Matter PhysicsElectron beam physical vapor depositionSurfaces Coatings and FilmsCrystallographyX-ray photoelectron spectroscopyElectron diffractionMolybdenumMonolayerMaterials ChemistrySurface Science
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Simplified analytical model for moment–axial force domain in the presence of shear in R.C. members externally strengthened with steel cages

2015

Equations for a hand calculation of moment–axial force domain in the presence of shear for R.C. beam/column externally strengthened with steel angles and strips are developed. The analytical derivation is made assuming, for axial load and flexure, the equivalent stress-block parameters for internal forces, considering the confinement effects induced in the concrete core by external cages both in the cases of strips or angles yielding. Limit states due to bond failure, concrete crushing and yielding of steel angles and strips in flexure and in shear, including moment-to-shear interaction, are considered. The proposed model gives results in a good agreement with available experimental data an…

Axial force–moment interaction; Concrete beams; Concrete columns; Shear–moment interaction; Steel angles; Strengthening; Strips; Building and Construction; Civil and Structural Engineering; Mechanics of Materials; Materials Science (all)Materials scienceAxial force–moment interactionMaterials ScienceConcrete beams0211 other engineering and technologiesBond failureConcrete beam020101 civil engineering02 engineering and technologySTRIPSSteel angles0201 civil engineeringlaw.inventionlawStrips021105 building & constructionConcrete columnsMechanics of MaterialGeneral Materials ScienceCivil and Structural EngineeringHand calculationShear–moment interactionbusiness.industryBuilding and ConstructionStructural engineeringSettore ICAR/09 - Tecnica Delle CostruzioniShear (geology)Mechanics of MaterialsSteel angleSolid mechanicsStrengtheningAxial loadStripMaterials Science (all)Axial forcebusinessInternal forcesConcrete columnMaterials and Structures
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The Belle II Physics Book

2019

cd. autorów: L. Cao48,‡, G. Caria145,‡, G. Casarosa57,‡, C. Cecchi56,‡,D. Cˇ ervenkov10,‡,M.-C. Chang22,‡, P. Chang92,‡, R. Cheaib146,‡, V. Chekelian83,‡, Y. Chen154,‡, B. G. Cheon28,‡, K. Chilikin77,‡, K. Cho70,‡, J. Choi14,‡, S.-K. Choi27,‡, S. Choudhury35,‡, D. Cinabro170,‡, L. M. Cremaldi146,‡, D. Cuesta47,‡, S. Cunliffe16,‡, N. Dash33,‡, E. de la Cruz Burelo9,‡, E. de Lucia52,‡, G. De Nardo54,‡, †Editor. ‡Belle II Collaborator. §Theory or external contributing author. M. De Nuccio16,‡, G. De Pietro59,‡, A. De Yta Hernandez9,‡, B. Deschamps129,‡, M. Destefanis60,‡, S. Dey116,‡, F.Di Capua54,‡, S.Di Carlo75,‡, J. Dingfelder129,‡, Z. Doležal10,‡, I. Domínguez Jiménez125,‡, T.V. Dong30,26,…

B: semileptonic decayPhysics beyond the Standard ModelHadronelectroproduction [charmonium]General Physics and AstronomyComputingMilieux_LEGALASPECTSOFCOMPUTINGB: radiative decayannihilation [electron positron]7. Clean energy01 natural sciencescharmonium: electroproductionB physicsHigh Energy Physics - Experimentlaw.inventionHigh Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)Z'law[PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex]Charm (quantum number)dark sector searchesPhysicslifetimeradiative decay [B]doublet [Higgs particle]new physicsPhysicsHigh Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)ddc:530Electroweak interactionlepton: flavor: violationhep-phParticle Physics - LatticeMonte Carlo [numerical calculations]electron positron: colliding beamsQuarkoniumasymmetry: CPquarkonium physicselectroweak interaction: penguinHigh Energy Physics - PhenomenologyImproved performancecolliding beams [electron positron]CP violationinterfaceelectroproduction [quarkonium]electroweak precision measurementsnumerical calculations: Monte CarlophysicsParticle Physics - ExperimentperformanceParticle physicsflavor: violation [lepton]reviewhep-latFOS: Physical sciencesBELLEHigh Energy Physics - Experiment; High Energy Physics - Experiment; High Energy Physics - Lattice; High Energy Physics - Phenomenologyelectron positron: annihilationquarkonium: electroproductionCP [asymmetry]E(6)Higgs particle: doubletmixing [D0 anti-D0]Theoretical physicsCP: violation: time dependenceHigh Energy Physics - LatticeKEK-B0103 physical sciencesquantum chromodynamicshidden sector [photon]ddc:530composite010306 general physicsColliderParticle Physics - PhenomenologyHigh Energy Physics - Experiment; High Energy Physics - Lattice; High Energy Physics - Phenomenologyphoton: hidden sectorhep-ex010308 nuclear & particles physics[PHYS.HLAT]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Lattice [hep-lat]C50 Other topics in experimental particle physicsviolation: time dependence [CP]D0 anti-D0: mixingB2TiP530 PhysikExperimental physicsB: leptonic decayCKM matrix[PHYS.HPHE]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Phenomenology [hep-ph]penguin [electroweak interaction]leptonic decay [B]semileptonic decay [B]charmparticle identificationexperimental results
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Cone-beam computed tomography and its applications in dental and maxillofacial radiology.

2020

Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) was first used in dental and maxillofacial radiology (DMFR) at the end of the 1990s. Since then, it has been successfully established as the standard three-dimensional radiographic imaging technique in DMFR, with a wide variety of applications in this field. This manuscript briefly reviews the background information on the technology and summarises available data on effective dose and dose optimisation. In addition, typical clinical applications and indications of the technique in DMFR are presented.

Background informationCone beam computed tomographymedicine.medical_specialtymedicine.diagnostic_testRadiographic imagingbusiness.industryStomatognathic DiseasesComputed tomographyGeneral MedicineCone-Beam Computed TomographyRadiation DosageFacial Bones030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineImaging Three-Dimensional030220 oncology & carcinogenesismedicineMaxillaDose optimisationHumansRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingRadiologybusinessClinical radiology
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A Dynamic Model of Ballasted Rail Track with Bituminous Sub-Ballast Layer

2012

AbstractThe bituminous sub-ballast layer within the ballasted rail track allows some mechanical and environmental advantages. An analytical model of a ballasted rail track with sub-ballast layer has been proposed by considering the rail as viscous-elastic continuous beam discretely supported, at four levels of elasticity.The model was used to compare the mechanical performance of both ballasted track with and without bituminous sub-ballast layer. The results confirmed that the bituminous sub-ballast layer reduces the dynamic forces on the ground and achieves the technical objectives as reduction of ground borne vibrations and increase of the design life of the rail track.

BallastEngineeringBituminous sub-ballast layer ballasted rail track rail track model vehicle-track interactionMathematical modelbusiness.industryBallasted rail trackRail track modelStructural engineeringContinuous beamTrack (rail transport)Vehicle-track interactionVibrationAsphaltService lifeSettore ICAR/04 - Strade Ferrovie Ed AeroportiGeneral Materials ScienceElasticity (economics)businessBituminous sub-ballast layerProcedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences
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Static Performances of Timber- and Bamboo-Concrete Composite Beams: A Critical Review of Experimental Results

2021

The use of composite beams made with traditional concrete and bio-based materials (such as timber and bamboo) is a valuable solution to reduce the environmental impact of the building sector. Timber-Concrete Composite (TCC) beams have been used for decades in structural applications such as new buildings, refurbishment of old timber structures, and bridges. Recently, different researchers suggested composite beams based on engineered bamboo, commonly named Bamboo-Concrete Composite (BCC) beams. This study presents a systematic comparison of structural performances and connection behavior of TCC and BCC beams under short-term static load. TCCs beams are compared to BCC ones using similar she…

BambooMaterials sciencebusiness.industry0211 other engineering and technologiesFailure modeMechanical properties020101 civil engineering02 engineering and technologyBuilding and ConstructionStructural engineeringShear connectorBending performancesFailure modesShear connectorsComposite beams0201 civil engineeringBamboo-concreteSettore ICAR/09 - Tecnica Delle Costruzioni021105 building & constructionbusinessBending performanceMechanical propertieTimber-concreteThe Open Construction & Building Technology Journal
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Charm production in the CERN hyperon beam

1994

First results on charm production by the Σ- hyperon beam experiment WA89 at CERN are presented. Estimates are given for thexF and nuclearA dependence of the inclusive cross-section of D-mesons. Preliminary results on charm baryon production are shown.

BaryonNuclear physicsPhysicsParticle physicsLarge Hadron ColliderNuclear TheoryHigh Energy Physics::PhenomenologyHyperonHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentCharm (quantum number)Nuclear ExperimentBeam (structure)Il Nuovo Cimento A
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