Search results for "Bioavailability"

Short-term exposure of the European sea bass Dicentrarchus labrax to copper-based antifouling treated nets: copper bioavailability and biomarkers res…

2012

Abstract We studied if the levels of copper released from antifouling treated nets used in finfish mariculture could affect the immune defense mechanism and/or induce oxidative stress in Dicentrarchus labrax , after short term exposure in laboratory experiments. Dissolved copper concentration released from the treated nets, copper bioavailability and a set of biomarkers responses were measured. Biomarkers included hemoglobin concentration, activities of lysozyme, total complement, respiratory burst, glutathione S-transferase and acetycholinesterase and concentration of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances. Results indicated elevated copper concentration in seawater (184 μg L −1 ) but low…

Polymeric microcontainers improve oral bioavailability of furosemide.

2016

Microcontainers with an inner diameter of 223 μm are fabricated using the polymer SU-8, and evaluated in vitro, in situ and in vivo for their application as an advanced oral drug delivery system for the poorly water soluble drug furosemide. An amorphous sodium salt of furosemide (ASSF) is filled into the microcontainers followed by applying a lid using Eudragit L100. It is possible to control the drug release in vitro, and in vitro absorption studies show that the microcontainers are not a hindrance for absorption of ASSF. In situ perfusion studies in rats are performed with ASSF-filled microcontainers coated with Eudragit and compared to a furosemide solution. The absorption rate constant …

Bioavailability and metabolism.

2002

Impact of conventional and non-conventional processing on prickly pear ( Opuntia spp.) and their derived products: From preservation of beverages to …

2017

Abstract Background In recent years, both food researchers and food industry have shown growing interest in Opuntia fruits, as they constitute a good source of phytochemicals such as phenolics, vitamin C, vitamin E, polysaccharides and betalains. Many of these compounds have shown antioxidant, anti-cancer, antiatherosclerotic and/or hepatoprotective properties. Moreover, the fruit is also a source of dietary fibers, which promote bowel transit, thus preventing constipation. Scope and approach Due to these properties, Opuntia fruits are considered as functional products offering numerous health benefits when are consumed as fresh or processed product. However, these compounds can lose their …

Lemon Juice, Sesame Paste, and Autoclaving Influence Iron Bioavailability of Hummus: Assessment by an In Vitro Digestion/Caco-2 Cell Model

2020

Hummus, an iron-containing plant-based dish mainly made from chickpea pur&eacute

Mind the gap—deficits in our knowledge of aspects impacting the bioavailability of phytochemicals and their metabolites—a position paper focusing on …

2015

This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Non-Commercial-NoDerivs Licence.-- et al.

Study of the potential toxicity of commercial crispy breads by evaluation of bioaccessibility and bioavailability of minor Fusarium mycotoxins

2011

Abstract Enniatins (ENs) are bioactive compounds produced by the secondary metabolism of several Fusarium strains and known to have several biological activities, such as acting as enzyme inhibitors, antifungal and antibacterial agents, and immunomodulatory substances. This study has investigated the ENs bioaccessibility, spiked in commercial wheat crispy bread at 1.5 and 3.0 μmol/g concentrations, their transepithelial transport and bioavailability using Caco-2 cells as a model of the human intestinal epithelium. The content (%) of the four ENs contained in the gastric fluid has resulted variable from 69% to 91%, considering the two concentrations assayed. The mean bioaccessibility data fo…

Study of the potential toxicity of enniatins A, A(1), B, B(1) by evaluation of duodenal and colonic bioavailability applying an in vitro method by Ca…

2010

Abstract The bioavailability of the minor Fusarium mycotoxins enniatins (ENs) utilizing an in vitro method which allows the simulation of the small and large intestine tracts has been studied. This method, based on the application of the Caco-2 cells grown alone or in symbiosis with several strains characteristics of the gastrointestinal tract, has permitted to simulate the duodenal and colonic intestinal compartments, respectively. The duodenal bioavailability expressed as absorption value after 4 h of exposure, ranged from 57.7 to 76.8% for EN A, from 68.8 to 70.2% for EN A1, from 65.0 to 67.0% for EN B, and from 62.2 to 65.1% for EN B1. Colonic bioavailability after 48 h of incubation ra…

Bioaccessibility and bioavailability of fumonisin B2 and its reaction products with isothiocyanates through a simulated gastrointestinal digestion sy…

2014

Abstract Fumonisins (FBs) are toxins produced mainly by the molds Fusarium verticillioides (also known as Fusarium moniliforme) and Fusarium proliferatum. These mycotoxins are contaminants of wheat, maize, maize-based foods and other grains worldwide. Isothiocyanates (ITCs) are natural compounds produced by the enzymatic hydrolysis of glucosinolates, which are found in plants of the Brassicaceae family. The use of ITCs as food preservatives has been extensively researched. In this study, allyl (AITC), phenyl (PITC) and benzyl isothiocyanates (BITC) fumigation systems (500 μL/L) were employed to reduce FB2 levels naturally produced in bread by Gibberella moniliformis CECT 2987. Reaction prod…

Ecotoxicity assessment of boreal lake sediments affected by metal mining: Sediment quality triad approach complemented with metal bioavailability and…

2019

Highlights • Ecological risk assessment of metal-contaminated boreal lakes and sediments. • Sediment Quality Triad complemented with bioavailability and body residue studies. • Toxicity studies for natural sediments with several organisms and endpoints • Adverse effects observed. High variation on results between different methods. • Standard toxicity tests not suitable for testing, too low pH hampers the results. There are several methods for studying metal-contaminated freshwater sediments, but more information is needed on which methods to include in ecological risk assessment. In this study, we compliment the traditional Sediment Quality Triad (SQT) approach – including information on c…