Search results for "Biofuel"

Acclimatised rumen culture for raw microalgae conversion into biogas: Linking microbial community structure and operational parameters in anaerobic m…

2019

[EN] Ruminal fluid was inoculated in an Anaerobic Membrane Reactor (AnMBR) to produce biogas from raw Scenedesmus. This work explores the microbial ecology of the system during stable operation at different solids retention times (SRT). The 16S rRNA amplicon analysis revealed that the acclimatised community was mainly composed of Anaerolineaceae, Spirochaetaceae, Lentimicrobiaceae and Cloacimonetes fermentative and hydrolytic members. During the highest biodegradability achieved in the AnMBR (62%) the dominant microorganisms were Fervidobacterium and Methanosaeta. Different microbial community clusters were observed at different SRT conditions. Interestingly, syntrophic bacteria Gelria and …

European Union legislation on macroalgae products

2021

AbstractMacroalgae-based products are increasing in demand also in Europe. In the European Union, each category of macroalgae-based products is regulated separately. We discuss EU legislation, including the law on medicinal products, foods including food supplements and food additives, feed and feed additives, cosmetics, packaging materials, fertilizers and biostimulants, as well as biofuels. Product safety and consumer protection are the priorities with any new products. Macroalgae products can be sold as traditional herbal medicines. The novel food regulation applies to macroalgae foods that have not previously been used as food, and organic macroalgae are a specific regulatory category. …

Phytoplasmosis of bioenergy cultures

2018

The current state of biofuel distribution in EU, USA and Ukraine and its perspectives, new alternative sources of renewable energy, advantages and disadvantages of their use have been analyzed in this review. The concept growing of energy cultures in Ukraine has been described. Prospects for the use of bioenergy cultures of the 2nd generation have been considered. Particular attention has been paid to advantages and peculiarities of growing cultures with high potential of productivity - willow and poplar. The role of phytoplasmas in plant pathology has been considered; the pathways of distribution of plant phytoplasmosis, their localization in plant-host cells, typical symptoms of plants af…

Biorefinery process for hydrothermal liquefaction of microalgae powered by a concentrating solar plant: A conceptual study

2017

Abstract A conceptual analysis of coupling a concentrating solar power plant with a biorefinery process consisting in the hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) of microalgae to biocrude was performed. The configuration of the CSP-HTL plant was designed to allow continuous operation considering 10 kT of microalgae processed each year using, for the first time, a ternary nitrate mixture as heat transfer fluid and storage medium in the temperature range of 340–410 °C. With adopted models, the capital and operating costs of the solar plant marginally affect the minimum fuel selling prize (MFSP) of biocrude that decreases with the size of the solar field and of the thermal storage system provided that…

Metal distribution in the process of lignocellulosic ethanol production from heavy metal contaminated sorghum biomass

2016

Fermentation in fish and by-products processing: an overview of current research and future prospects

2020

Fish industry has been growing continuously over the last decades and generates huge amounts of by-products. These by-products come from fish head, skin, bones, thorns, and viscera. Part of them are processed for feed, collagen and oil production, and to a lesser extent to produce biofuels and fertilizers, but many other high-value bioactive compounds can be recovered. Fish fermentation, which is traditionally used to increase fish shelf-life, results into the formation of bacteria metabolites of interest. Applied to by-products, fermentation increases the quality of protein hydrolysates, oil and produces antioxidant compounds. This technology, which is safe, environmental-friendly and poor…

Genomic characterization of Defluviitoga tunisiensis L3, a key hydrolytic bacterium in a thermophilic biogas plant and its abundance as determined by…

2016

The genome sequence of Defluviitoga tunisiensis L3 originating from a thermophilic biogas-production plant was established and recently published as Genome Announcement by our group. The circular chromosome of D. tunisiensis L3 has a size of 2,053,097bp and a mean GC content of 31.38%. To analyze the D. tunisiensis L3 genome sequence in more detail, a phylogenetic analysis of completely sequenced Thermotogae strains based on shared core genes was performed. It appeared that Petrotoga mobilis DSM 10674(T), originally isolated from a North Sea oil-production well, is the closest relative of D. tunisiensis L3. Comparative genome analyses of P. mobilis DSM 10674(T) and D. tunisiensis L3 showed …

Influence of food waste addition over microbial communities in an Anaerobic Membrane Bioreactor plant treating urban wastewater

2018

[EN] Notorious changes in microbial communities were observed during and after the joint treatment of wastewater with Food Waste (FW) in an Anaerobic Membrane Bioreactor (AnMBR) plant. The microbial population was analysed by high-throughput sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene and dominance of Chloroflexi, Firmicutes, Synergistetes and Proteobacteria phyla was found. The relative abundance of these potential hydrolytic phyla increased as a higher fraction of FW was jointly treated. Moreover, whereas Specific Methanogenic Activity (SMA) rose from 10 to 51 mL CH4 g(-1) VS, Methanosarcinales order increased from 34.0% over 80.0% of total Archaea, being Methanosaeta the dominant genus. The effect o…

Methane oxidation in industrial biogas plants-Insights in a novel methanotrophic environment evidenced by pmoA gene analyses and stable isotope label…

2018

Abstract A broad methanotrophic community consisting of 16 different operational taxonomic units (OTUs) was detected by particulate methane monooxygenase A (pmoA) gene analyses of reactor sludge samples obtained from an industrial biogas plant. Using a cloning-sequencing approach, 75% of the OTUs were affiliated to the group of type I methanotrophs (γ-Proteobacteria) and 25% to type II methanotrophs (α-Proteobacteria) with a distinct predominance of the genus Methylobacter. By database matching, half of the total OTUs may constitute entirely novel species. For evaluation of process conditions that support growth of methanotrophic bacteria, qPCR analyses of pmoA gene copy numbers were perfor…

Isolation of lactic acid-forming bacteria from biogas plants.

2017

Direct molecular approaches provide hints that lactic acid bacteria play an important role in the degradation process of organic material to methanogenetic substrates in biogas plants. However, their diversity in biogas fermenter samples has not been analyzed in detail yet. For that reason, five different biogas fermenters, which were fed mainly with maize silage and manure from cattle or pigs, were examined for the occurrence of lactic acid-forming bacteria. A total of 197 lactic acid-forming bacterial strains were isolated, which we assigned to 21 species, belonging to the genera Bacillus, Clostridium, Lactobacillus, Pediococcus, Streptococcus and Pseudoramibacter-related. A qualitative m…