Search results for "Biogeography"
showing 10 items of 310 documents
On the presence of Orthotrichum shawii (Orthotrichaceae) in California
2006
Study of the material on which E. G. Britton based the report of Orthotrichum shawii from California confirms this overlooked report. Diagnostic characters of the species are presented, and the differences between the known American specimen and those from Europe and Africa, are discussed. Finally, the differences between this species and those with which it has been confused are discussed.
Astérides du Cénomanien de Charente-Maritime (SW France)
1993
Resume Des restes d'Asterides (plaques infero- et superomarginales) ont ete trouves dans les sediments du Cenomanien deCharente-Maritime (Sud-Ouest de la France). Ils appartiennent a 17 taxons, dont la nouvelle espece Calliderma moreaui nov. sp., et correspondent a 5 familles differentes: Goniasteridae, Pycinasteridae, Stauranderasteridae, Sphaerasteridae et Astropectinidae. Leur description est suivie d'une breve analyse de leurs repartitions stratigraphique et paleobiogeographique.
Impact of climate change on migratory birds: community reassembly versus adaptation
2007
Aim Species can respond to global climate change by range shifts or by phenotypic adaptation. At the community level, range shifts lead to a turnover of species, i.e. community reassembly. In contrast, phenotypic adaptation allows species to persist in situ , conserving community composition. So far, community reassembly and adaptation have mostly been studied separately. In nature, however, both processes take place simultaneously. In migratory birds, climate change has been shown to result in both exchange of species and adaptation of migratory behaviour. The aim of our study is to predict the impact of global climate change on migratory bird communities and to assess the extent to which …
The global distribution of frugivory in birds
2009
Aim To examine patterns of avian frugivory across clades, geography and environments. Location Global, including all six major biogeographical realms (Afrotropics, Australasia, Indo-Malaya, Nearctic, Neotropics and Palaearctic). Methods First, we examine the taxonomic distribution of avian frugivory within orders and families. Second we evaluate, with traditional and spatial regression approaches, the geographical patterns of frugivore species richness and proportion. Third, we test the potential of contemporary climate (water–energy, productivity, seasonality), habitat heterogeneity (topography, habitat diversity) and biogeographical history (captured by realm membership) to explain geo…
An updated checklist and biogeography of the Sardinian large branchiopods, with a focus on Spinicaudata (Crustacea, Branchiopoda)
2021
Author(s): Marrone, Federico; Alfonso, Giuseppe; Cottarelli, Vezio; Botta, Marco Massimo; Koepp, Christian; Stoch, Fabio | Abstract: The large branchiopod fauna of Sardinia is reviewed based both on literature and newly collected data. Based on the available evidence, 13 taxa are present on the island (8 Anostraca, 2 Notostraca, and 3 Spinicaudata). Among them, the finding of the spinicaudatan Leptestheria dahalacensis is new for Sardinia, while the spinicaudatans Cyzicus bucheti and Eulimnadia sp. were overlooked in the most recent synopses on the fauna of the island due to misidentifications. Conversely, Cyzicus tetracerus and Limnadia lenticularis, previously erroneously reported based o…
Disentangling the effects of area, energy and habitat heterogeneity on boreal forest bird species richness in protected areas
2009
Aim One of the few general laws in ecology is that species richness is a positive function of area. However, it has been proposed that area would merely be a proxy for energy. Additionally, habitat heterogeneity has been found to be an important factor determining species richness. Yet the relative importance of those relationships is little known, and it is still unclear how they are brought about. We aimed to dissect which factors drive the species richness of boreal forest birds, and to identify the most probable mechanisms. Location Forested protected areas in Finland. Methods Using bird line census data collected in 104 protected areas, we ran simultaneous autoregressive models to e…
La Biogeografia della Sicilia: considerazioni conclusive sul XXXVII Congresso della Societa' Italiana di Biogeografia
2011
Biogeographia vol. XXX - 2011 (Pubblicato il 23 dicembre 2011) La Biogeografia della Sicilia La Biogeografia della Siciliaz considerazioni conclusive sul XXXV11 Congresso della Societa Italiana di Biogeografia BRUNO MASSA* VALERIO SBORDON1**, AUGUSTO V1GNATAGL1ANT1*** q‘ Dipartimento Demetra, Universita dzq Palermo; e—maz'[: eruno. massa @unz}ga.z't ** Dzpartimento di Biologia, Uniz/ersita di Roma q Ybr 1/Ergata”; e—mai[:12a1erz'o.5[9ord0ni@uniroma2. it *** Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie “Charles Darwin”, Universita di Roma qLa Sapienza”; e—mai[: augusto. z2z'gnatag[z'anti@uniroma1.it 11 tema generale del Congresso e stato la Biogeografia della Sicilia, al suo in~ …
Correction: Phylogeny of the Eurasian Wren Nannus troglodytes (Aves: Passeriformes: Troglodytidae) reveals deep and complex diversification patterns …
2020
The Mediterranean Basin represents a Global Biodiversity Hotspot where many organisms show high inter- and intraspecific differentiation. Extant phylogeographic patterns of terrestrial circum-Mediterranean faunas were mainly shaped through Pleistocene range shifts and range fragmentations due to retreat into different glacial refugia. Thus, several extant Mediterranean bird species have diversified by surviving glaciations in different hospitable refugia and subsequently expanded their distribution ranges during the Holocene. Such a scenario was also suggested for the Eurasian Wren (Nannus troglodytes) despite the lack of genetic data for most Mediterranean subspecies. Our phylogenetic mult…
THE GARGANO TERRE ROSSE INSULAR FAUNAS: AN OVERVIEW
2010
After forty years from its discovery, the history of the field surveys and of the researches on the fossiliferous deposits on Gargano is briefly reported. The Gargano fauna belongs to the Abruzzo-Apulian Palaeobioprovince (including also Scontrone and Palena, Abruzzo). The fossil assemblage comprehends all the classes of terrestrial vertebrates: Reptilia, Amphibia, Aves and Mammalia. The faunal composition is unbalanced and presents the features of a typical insular endemic fauna. The bulk of the assemblage is composed of small mammals and birds. Based on literature, we report the most characteristic features, phylogenetic relationships, and evolutionary remarks on a list of mammals, focusi…
Invasive Aliens in Italy: Enumeration, History, Biology and Their Impact
2021
Italy includes two large islands, Sardinia and Sicily, and a peninsula separated from the European continent by the Alpine Arch. At national level ISPRA (Instituto Superiore per la Protezione e la Ricerca Ambientale, Higher Institute for Environmental protection and research) is the instrument of the Ministry of Environment and for the Protection of the Territory and the Sea to carry out its mission, including the study, monitoring, and control of invasive alien species. Universities, Scientific Societies, and ONGs play a vital role in basic research. The interest in the study of alien plants is of a theoretical nature, as regards the migrations of living beings and interactions with native…