Search results for "Biomas"

Potential applications of nanotechnology in bioenergy

2011

Nanotechnology has an increasingly large impact on a wide range of industries, but its current use in the production of electricity and heat from biomass is limited. This thesis examined the potential impact of nanotechnology on bioenergy production through a literature review and interviews with industry members. Current technologies and methods in use were reviewed, with a focus on fuel handling and combustion systems. Areas in which problems existed were identified and nanotechnologies with properties relevant to those problems examined. The major nanotechnology areas which were reviewed are nanostructured coatings (wear resistant, corrosion resistant, low friction and anti-icing), nanom…

Selection of microrganism for the mobilization of cellulolityc agricultural biomass for energy production

2012

Selection of microorganisms for the mobilization of cellulolytic agricultural biomass for energy production. R. Di Bonito, D. Taschini, C. Viola, Campi otti C.A. Unit Energy Efficiency in Agriculure, ENEA Casaccia, Roma, Italy The production of biofuels as renewable energy source could significantly reduce the negati ve impact of fossil fuels. However, this activity has resulted in increasing land cultivation specifically with carbohydrate-rich crops for energy production, and resulting shortage of crop production for food . The use of residual agricultural biomass as a substrate for biofuels or biogas production could improve the sustainabi lity of the bio-energy production but sti li requ…

Effect of Tire-Char Ash on the Extent of Synergy during CO2 Cogasification with Hydrochar from Potassium-Rich Coconut Fiber

2020

The influence of inherent tire char ash during co-gasification with coconut hydrochar prepared at different intensities was investigated by thermogravimetric analysis to ascertain the extent to which synergistic interaction, reactivity, and activation energy reduction were altered. High-ash tire tread (TT) and low-ash sidewall (SW) both exhibited enhanced synergy, reactivity, and activation reduction upon co-gasification with hydrochars; however, the extent of promotion was more pronounced in SW-hydrochar blends. This difference was caused by the inhibiting nature of TT inherent ash, particularly the role of Si-containing compounds. Inhibition in TT-hydrochar blends was mainly due to the pr…

Facile synthesis of sustainable activated biochars with different pore structures as efficient additive-carbon-free anodes for lithium- and sodium-io…

2022

The present work elucidates facile one-pot synthesis from biomass forestry waste (Norway spruce bark) and its chemical activation yielding high specific surface area (SBET) biochars as efficient lithium- and sodium-ion storage anodes. The chemically activated biochar using ZnCl2 (Biochar-1) produced a highly mesoporous carbon containing 96.1% mesopores in its structure as compared to only 56.1% mesoporosity from KOH-activated biochars (Biochar-2). The latter exhibited a lower degree of graphitization with disordered and defective carbon structures, while the former presented more formation of ordered graphite sheets in its structure as analyzed from Raman spectra. In addition, both biochars…

Biogas production from energy crops and crop residues

2006

Energiantuotantoa varten viljellyt energiakasvit ja erilaiset kasvintuotannon sivutuotteet ja jätteet eli peltobiomassat tarjoavat puhtaan ja kotimaisen uusiutuvan energialähteen. Kasvibiomassa voidaan hyödyntää energiana useilla eri tavoilla, joista yksi on biokaasun tuotanto. Biokaasua voidaan hyödyntää lämmön- ja sähköntuotannossa tai liikenteen polttoaineena fossiilisten polttoaineiden sijasta.Annimari Lehtomäki tutki mahdollisuuksia hyödyntää energiakasveja ja kasvijätteitä biokaasun tuotannossa pohjoisissa oloissa. Tutkimuksessa kartoitettiin Suomen oloissa menestyviä, biokaasun tuotantoon mahdollisesti soveltuvia kasvilajeja, sekä määritettiin niiden kemiallinen koostumus ja biokaasu…

Molar growth yields ofZymomonas mobilis on glucose after the transition from anaerobic to aerobic continuous growth

1999

An increase in the molar growth yield (Y X/S = 14.3-20.3 g/mol) on glucose (25 mM) was achieved after the transition of Zymomonas mobilis ATCC 29191 from anaerobic to aerobic steady state growth at dilution rates of D = 0.31-0.40 1/h and under oxygen-unlimited conditions. The transfer of anaerobically or aerobically grown steady state cells into a fresh medium resulted in the higher values of Y X/S . A positive correlation was established between biomass and acetaldehyde yield within the range of 5-9 mM acetaldehyde in the medium. An inhibitory effect of the exogenously added acetaldehyde (Kj = 16.7 ± 2.8 mM) on the ATPase activity was observed in vitro, using cell-free extracts of anaerobi…

Identifying a marine microalgae with high carbohydrate productivities under stress and potential for efficient flocculation

2018

Microalgal biomass represents a potential third generation feedstock that could be utilised as a source of carbohydrates for fermentative production of a range of platform biochemicals. Identifying microalgal strains with high biomass and carbohydrate productivities while also being amenable to downstream processes is key in improving the feasibility of these processes. Utilising marine microalgae capable of growing in seawater will decrease reliance on freshwater resources and improve the sustainability of production. This study screened several marine microalgae believed to accumulate carbohydrates to find new high performing strains. Four strains had high growth rates and accumulated car…

Analysis of Green Algae Extracts

2015

Real time analysis of Escherichia coli biofilms using calorimetry

2008

Abstract Microbial communities grow more stably when they are associated to surfaces or organized in aggregates. This advantage of biofilms is technically exploited for the degradation of xenobiotics or in biocatalysis, where the fixed biomass has the added advantage of easier separation of excreted products. Whereas the biothermodynamic analysis of growth and product formation of suspended cells is developing fast, there are only few reports on the calorimetric analysis and biothermodynamic interpretation of biofilm evolution. Experiments illustrate the ability of calorimetry to monitor the physiological state of biofilms in real time. Sessile cells of Escherichia coli DH5α DSM 6897 were s…

Supercritical Algal Extracts: A Source of Biologically Active Compounds from Nature

2015

The paper discusses the potential applicability of the process of supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) in the production of algal extracts with the consideration of the process conditions and yields. State of the art in the research on solvent-free isolation of biologically active compounds from the biomass of algae was presented. Various aspects related with the properties of useful compounds found in cells of microalgae and macroalgae were discussed, including their potential applications as the natural components of plant protection products (biostimulants and bioregulators), dietary feed and food supplements, and pharmaceuticals. Analytical methods of determination of the natural compou…