Search results for "Biome"
showing 10 items of 4164 documents
Deposition and characterization of coatings of Hydroxyapatite, Chitosan, and Hydroxyapatite-Chitosan on 316L for biomedical devices
2018
In the last decades, the scientific community has turned on great interest towards the development of increasingly performing biomedical systems. In the orthopedic field, biomedical devices are made up by metallic materials (mainly steel and titanium alloys), which have low/medium resistance to corrosion and a low osteointegration capacity when implanted inside the human body. This can lead to infection or inflammation that can damage the tissues surrounding the implant. The use of biocompatible coatings allows cancelling or mitigating these phenomena. The coating interposing between aggressive environment and biomedical device inhibits corrosion so limiting the metal ions release into the …
Cell-cycle control in cell-biomaterial interactions
2000
Current biocompatibility testing involves the demonstration of cell proliferation, which is usually interpreted as a sign of positive biocompatibility when the materials sustain cell proliferation. As the field of biomaterials research is rapidly moving toward tissue-engineered devices and hybrid organs, control of cell function has become a main topic. Cell function, which involves specific differentiation pathways, cannot be separated from cell-cycle control. The study of cell-cycle control is an important extension of routine proliferation assays and has extensive roots in developmental and tumor biology. We studied the expression of the tumour suppressor gene p53 and the proliferation-a…
Modulation of plasticity of the soleus area of the motor cortex using paired associative stimulation
2015
Paired associative stimulation (PAS) repeatedly combines single somatosensory nerve stimuli with single transcranial magnetic stimuli to induce bidirectional changes in the excitability of the cortical projections to the target muscle. PAS and motor training have been shown to share common neural mechanisms, suggesting that PAS tests functionally relevant neuronal circuits. While PAS has been used extensively to target the hand area of the motor cortex, few studies have targeted the leg area of the motor cortex. The optimal interstimulus inter- val (ISI) to induce plasticity in the cortical projections to lower limbs is still not well established. Thus, the first purpose of this thesis was …
Assessment of the lower limb biomechanics in patients after tibiofibular syndesmosis injury treatment
2021
Purpose: There is no consensus as to the number of bone cortices engaged in tibiofibular syndesmosis treatment. The purpose of our study was to assess the weight distribution on the lower limbs after tricortical or quadricortical syndesmosis fixation and different timing of screw removal. Methods: A total of 55 patients who underwent treatment for acute tibiofibular syndesmosis injury were analyzed in this study. The Zebris pedobarographic platform was used to measure the distribution of body weight on the lower limbs. The study population was stratified by the time to syndesmotic screw removal (8–15 weeks versus 16–22 weeks) and the number of bone cortices involved in fixation (three [tric…
EMG-Assisted Muscle Force Driven Finite Element Model of the Knee Joint with Fibril-Reinforced Poroelastic Cartilages and Menisci
2020
Abnormal mechanical loading is essential in the onset and progression of knee osteoarthritis. Combined musculoskeletal (MS) and finite element (FE) modeling is a typical method to estimate load distribution and tissue responses in the knee joint. However, earlier combined models mostly utilize static-optimization based MS models and muscle force driven FE models typically use elastic materials for soft tissues or analyze specific time points of gait. Therefore, here we develop an electromyography-assisted muscle force driven FE model with fibril-reinforced poro(visco)elastic cartilages and menisci to analyze knee joint loading during the stance phase of gait. Moreover, since ligament pre-st…
Antibacterial Efficiency of Surface-Immobilized Flavobacterium-Infecting Bacteriophage
2019
Control of bacterial diseases by bacteriophages (phages) is gaining more interest due to increasing antibiotic resistance. This has led to technologies to attach phages on surfaces to form a biomaterial that can functionally display phages that interact with bacteria, to carry out successful infection cycles. Such a material could be applied in many environments, where the target pathogens are expected. Although this approach has been applied successfully in a few studies already, the basis of the antibacterial effect by the immobilized phages is unclear, and the interpretation of the results depends on the study. Here, we studied the phage attachment density, their detachment rate and infe…
Estudios estratégicos para la lucha contra la fascioliasis humana a nivel mundial = Strategic studies for the fight against de human fascioliasis wor…
2013
Fascioliasis is a zoonotic parasitic disease caused by Fasciola hepatica and F. gigantica. Emergence of human fascioliasis prompted a worldwide control initiative including a pilot study in several countries. Given the necessity to characterize the fasciolid populations involved, the overall aim of the present research is, first, the phenotypic characterization of faciolid adults and eggs implicated in human endemic areas, where this initiative has been implemented, through a computer image analysis system (CIAS) applied on the basis of standardized measurements. Second, new immunological techniques and their potential use as immunological diagnostic tests in those areas are evaluated. The …
Hyaluronan-coated polybenzofulvene brushes as biomimetic materials
2016
Hyaluronic acid (HA) forms pericellular coats in many cell types that are involved in the early stages of cell adhesion by interacting with the CD44 receptor. Based on the largely recognized overexpression of the CD44 receptor in tumor tissues, a polybenzofulvene molecular brush has been enveloped into hyaluronan shells to obtain a tri-component polymer brush (TCPB) composed of intrinsically fluorescent backbones bearing nona(ethylene glycol) arms terminated with low molecular weight HA macromolecules. The nanoaggregates obtained in TCPB water dispersions were characterized on the basis of dimensions, zeta potential, and in vitro cell toxicity. This biomimetic multifunctional material beari…
Caratterizzazione e valorizzazione bio-agronomica di diverse accessioni di aglio in ambiente collinare siciliano
2008
L'aglio coltura "antica" e tipica di molte aree della Sicilia, ha svolto e continua a svolgere un ruolo fondamentale nella storia della tradizione culinaria. La specie viene, inoltre, utilizzata per usi terapeutici e presenta pregevoli caratteristiche nutrizionali. L'ampia disponibilità di popolazioni locali di aglio ha indotto, il Consorzio di ricerca Co.Ri.S.S.I.A. di Palermo ad avviare una ricerca finalizzata alla caratterizzazione e valorizzazione di accessioni di aglio di diversa provenienza. Dall'esperienza condotta è emerso che la specie ha presentato, in generale, una buona adattabilità all'ambiente di prova, riuscendo a fornire produzioni quanti-qualitative soddisfacenti.
Biomedyczne aspekty kształtowania płci somatycznej : znaczenie prenatalnego okresu życia
2016
Human sexuality affects many biological, psychological and social aspects. It is connected with gender identity, procreation, experiencing and giving pleasure. From a biological perspective sexual activity is essential for reproduction and its original purpose was to maintain the human species. The article presents the genetic basis of sex determination, differentiation of germ line cells, development of gonads as well as internal and external genital organs, significant for the development of gender identity and propagation. Several factors determining and disrupting proper development of human sex were presented in this article