Search results for "Biotechnology"

showing 10 items of 5678 documents

Deimatism: a neglected component of antipredator defence

2017

Deimatic or ‘startle’ displays cause a receiver to recoil reflexively in response to a sudden change in sensory input. Deimatism is sometimes implicitly treated as a form of aposematism (unprofitability associated with a signal). However, the fundamental difference is, in order to provide protection, deimatism does not require a predator to have any learned or innate aversion. Instead, deimatism can confer a survival advantage by exploiting existing neural mechanisms in a way that releases a reflexive response in the predator. We discuss the differences among deimatism, aposematism, and forms of mimicry, and their ecological and evolutionary implications. We highlight outstanding questions …

0106 biological sciences0301 basic medicineEscape responseAposematismBiology010603 evolutionary biology01 natural sciences03 medical and health sciencespredator–preyEscape ReactionFundamental differenceComponent (UML)ReflexcamouflageAnimalsSurvival advantageaposematismstartle reflexCognitive scienceBehaviorEvolutionary BiologyBehavior AnimalAnimalEcologyBiological SciencesAcripezabiology.organism_classificationBiological EvolutionAgricultural and Biological Sciences (miscellaneous)Sensory input030104 developmental biologywarning coloursAcripezaMimicryta1181Animal Behaviourpredator-preyGeneral Agricultural and Biological SciencesBiotechnology
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A self-inducible heterologous protein expression system in Escherichia coli

2016

AbstractEscherichia coli is an important experimental, medical and industrial cell factory for recombinant protein production. The inducible lac promoter is one of the most commonly used promoters for heterologous protein expression in E. coli. Isopropyl-β-D-thiogalactoside (IPTG) is currently the most efficient molecular inducer for regulating this promoter’s transcriptional activity. However, limitations have been observed in large-scale and microplate production, including toxicity, cost and culture monitoring. Here, we report the novel SILEX (Self-InducibLe Expression) system, which is a convenient, cost-effective alternative that does not require cell density monitoring or IPTG inducti…

0106 biological sciences0301 basic medicineExpression systemslac operonHeterologousGene ExpressionmechanismLac repressorBiology[ SDV.MP.BAC ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Bacteriologymedicine.disease_cause01 natural sciencesArticlelaw.inventionApplied microbiologylactose03 medical and health scienceslawlac repressor010608 biotechnologyt1r3 taste receptor[SDV.BBM.GTP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry Molecular Biology/Genomics [q-bio.GN]Gene expressionmedicineEscherichia coliFood and NutritionInducerstationary-phaserecombinant geneinducerEscherichia coliMultidisciplinaryhsp70PromoterMolecular biology[SDV.MP.BAC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/BacteriologyRecombinant Proteins030104 developmental biologycloned genesBiochemistry[ SDV.BBM.GTP ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry Molecular Biology/Genomics [q-bio.GN]Alimentation et NutritionRecombinant DNA[SDV.BBM.GTP] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry Molecular Biology/Genomics [q-bio.GN]bacteriophage-t7 rna-polymerase[SDV.MP.BAC] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Bacteriology
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Changes in freshwater sediment microbial populations during fermentation of crude glycerol

2020

This work was supported by the Latvian Council of Science , project NN-CARMA, project No. lzp-2018/1-0194.

0106 biological sciences0301 basic medicineFirmicutesMicroorganismlcsh:BiotechnologyMicroorganismsFirmicutes01 natural sciencesApplied Microbiology and BiotechnologyActinobacteriaButyric acid03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compound010608 biotechnologylcsh:TP248.13-248.65:NATURAL SCIENCES:Physics [Research Subject Categories]GlycerolFood sciencelcsh:QH301-705.5ClostridiumCrude glycerolbiologyFreshwater sediment microbial populations fermentationbiology.organism_classification6. Clean waterActinobacteriaqPCR030104 developmental biologychemistryMicrobial population biologylcsh:Biology (General)Biodiesel productionFermentationAnaerobic fermentationGammaproteobacteriaBiotechnologyElectronic Journal of Biotechnology
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Isolation of acetic, propionic and butyric acid-forming bacteria from biogas plants.

2015

In this study, acetic, propionic and butyric acid-forming bacteria were isolated from thermophilic and mesophilic biogas plants (BGP) located in Germany. The fermenters were fed with maize silage and cattle or swine manure. Furthermore, pressurized laboratory fermenters digesting maize silage were sampled. Enrichment cultures for the isolation of acid-forming bacteria were grown in minimal medium supplemented with one of the following carbon sources: Na(+)-dl-lactate, succinate, ethanol, glycerol, glucose or a mixture of amino acids. These substrates could be converted by the isolates to acetic, propionic or butyric acid. In total, 49 isolates were obtained, which belonged to the phyla Firm…

0106 biological sciences0301 basic medicineFirmicutesSilageSwineClostridium cochleariumMolecular Sequence DataBioengineeringBacillusReal-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction01 natural sciencesApplied Microbiology and BiotechnologyDNA RibosomalZea maysMicrobiologyButyric acid03 medical and health sciencesAcetic acidchemistry.chemical_compoundBioreactors010608 biotechnologyRNA Ribosomal 16SAnimalsThermoanaerobacterium thermosaccharolyticumPhylogenyAcetic AcidDNA PrimersClostridiumSilagebiologyBacteriaBase SequenceGeneral Medicinebiology.organism_classificationLactic acidManure030104 developmental biologychemistryBiofuelsFermentationButyric AcidCattlePropionatesBacteriaGenome BacterialBiotechnologyJournal of biotechnology
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Recent advancements in lactic acid production - a review.

2017

Abstract Lactic acid, as an organic acid, has essential roles in industrial applications ranging from the food industry to life-sciences. Conventional fermentation methods have been well-studied since late 18th century, but are unable to achieve consumers' expectations regarding both quality and quantity. Therefore, novel technological developments of lactic acid production to increase yield and decrease over-all cost have become the primary goal. Genetic and metabolic engineering are great tools to overcome problems associated with product inhibition, undesired by-product formation, the negative effect of extreme culture conditions and most importantly inefficient use of expensive substrat…

0106 biological sciences0301 basic medicineFood industryGenotype01 natural sciencesMetabolic engineering03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compoundIndustrial MicrobiologyBioreactors010608 biotechnologyProduction (economics)Lactic AcidProductivitychemistry.chemical_classificationBacteriabusiness.industryEquipment DesignLactic acid030104 developmental biologyPhenotypechemistryFermentationFermentationBiochemical engineeringbusinessGenetic EngineeringFood ScienceOrganic acidFood research international (Ottawa, Ont.)
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Neurosporaxanthin Overproduction by Fusarium fujikuroi and Evaluation of Its Antioxidant Properties

2020

17 Páginas.-- 5 Figuras

0106 biological sciences0301 basic medicineFusariumAntioxidantPhysiologymedicine.medical_treatmentClinical BiochemistryMutantquenchingfree radicalsFree radicalsXanthophylls01 natural sciencesBiochemistryNeurospora03 medical and health sciencesQuenching010608 biotechnologymedicineoxidative stressMolecular BiologyCarotenoidMyceliumchemistry.chemical_classificationbiologyChemistrylcsh:RM1-950carotenoidsFungifood and beveragesCell Biologybiology.organism_classificationCarotenoidslcsh:Therapeutics. Pharmacology030104 developmental biologyBiochemistryOxidative stressXanthophyllLiposomesGibberellinfungixanthophyllsAntioxidants
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Assessment of genetic diversity and relatedness in the Latvian potato genetic resources collection by DArT genotyping

2015

Potato (Solanum tuberosumL.) has been cultivated in Latvia since the 17th century, and formal breeding programmes have been established since the start of the 20th century. The Latvian potato genetic resource collection consists of 83 accessions of Latvian origin, including landraces, old cultivars released starting from the 1930's, modern cultivars and breeding material. These are maintained in field andin vitrocollections. Pedigree information about the potato cultivars is often limited, and the use of hybrids of local cultivars as parents is common in the Latvian potato breeding programme. Ninety-four Latvian potato varieties and breeding lines and some commonly used foreign accessions w…

0106 biological sciences0301 basic medicineGenetic diversitybusiness.industryLatvianPlant ScienceBiologySolanum tuberosum01 natural scienceslanguage.human_languageBiotechnology03 medical and health sciences030104 developmental biologyGenetic resourcesGeneticslanguagePlant breedingCultivarbusinessAgronomy and Crop ScienceGenotyping010606 plant biology & botanyHybridPlant Genetic Resources
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Lipid Nanoparticles as Potential Gene Therapeutic Delivery Systems for Oral Administration.

2017

Background Gene therapy has experimented an increasing attention in the last decades, due to its enormous potential applications in the medical field. It can be defined as the use of genes or genetic material (DNA, RNA, oligonucleotides) to treat or prevent a disease state, generally a geneticbased one. Application Other applications, like treating viral, bacterial or parasite infections or development of vaccines are gaining also interest. Efficient gene therapy is mainly dependent on the ability of the highly labile genetic material to reach the therapeutic target. For this purpose, different delivery systems have been designed and extensively investigated. Nanoparticles offer a broad ran…

0106 biological sciences0301 basic medicineGenetic enhancementAdministration OralComputational biologyBiologyGene deliveryPharmacology01 natural sciences03 medical and health sciencesDrug Delivery SystemsOral administration010608 biotechnologyNucleic AcidsDrug DiscoverySolid lipid nanoparticleGeneticsOral routeAnimalsHumansParasite InfectionsMolecular BiologyGeneGenetics (clinical)Drug CarriersGene Transfer TechniquesGenetic TherapyBiocompatible materialLipids030104 developmental biologyMolecular MedicineNanoparticlesCurrent gene therapy
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Genetic characterization of an almond germplasm collection and volatilome profiling of raw and roasted kernels

2021

AbstractAlmond is appreciated for its nutraceutical value and for the aromatic profile of the kernels. In this work, an almond collection composed of 96 Sicilian accessions complemented with 10 widely cultivated cultivars was phenotyped for the production of volatile organic compounds using a proton-transfer time-of-flight mass spectrometer and genotyped using the Illumina Infinium®18 K Peach SNP array. The profiling of the aroma was carried out on fresh and roasted kernels enabling the detection of 150 mass peaks. Sixty eight, for the most related with sulfur compounds, furan containing compounds, and aldehydes formed by Strecker degradation, significantly increased during roasting, while …

0106 biological sciences0301 basic medicineGermplasmPlant physiologyPopulationPlant ScienceHorticultureBiology01 natural sciencesBiochemistryArticlePlant breedingAlmond Genetic characterizationTerpene03 medical and health sciencesGeneticsCultivareducationAromaSyntenyRoastingGenetic associationeducation.field_of_studyfood and beveragesbiology.organism_classificationSettore AGR/03 - Arboricoltura Generale E Coltivazioni ArboreeHorticulture030104 developmental biology010606 plant biology & botanyBiotechnology
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Genetic diversity in a collection of Italian long storage tomato landraces as revealed by SNP markers array

2019

Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is one of the most important crops worldwide. In this study, we used 7720 genome-wide SNPs to characterize the genetic diversity within a tomato germplasm collection enriched with 64 accessions from southern Italy of the so called "da serbo" type i.e. drought-tolerant and long storage landraces. Notwithstanding the relatively small collection area, 1575 (20.4%) polymorphic SNPs, mostly on Chr11, detected considerable levels of genetic variation. Maximum parsimony analysis of genetic distance revealed four main clusters and clearly separated most "da serbo" landraces from the outgroups. One of the clusters grouped the landraces from the Mount Vesuvius area, t…

0106 biological sciences0301 basic medicineGermplasmdrought toleranceSingle-nucleotide polymorphismPlant ScienceBiology01 natural sciences03 medical and health sciencesSettore AGR/07 - Genetica AgrariaGenetic variationAlleleEcology Evolution Behavior and SystematicsGenetic diversitybusiness.industryfungifruit qualityfood and beveragesbiology.organism_classificationSettore AGR/02 - Agronomia E Coltivazioni Erbaceedrought tolerance; fruit quality; shelf life; Solanum lycopersicum germplasm; SolCAP Infinium arrayBiotechnologySolanum lycopersicum germplasm030104 developmental biologyGenetic distanceGenetic markerSolanum lycopersicum germplasm shelf life SolCAP Infinium array fruit quality drought toleranceshelf lifeSolanumSolCAP Infinium arraybusiness010606 plant biology & botanyPlant Biosystems - An International Journal Dealing with all Aspects of Plant Biology
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