Search results for "Body fluid"
showing 10 items of 145 documents
Plasmatic extracellular vesicle microRNAs in malignant pleural mesothelioma and asbestos-exposed subjects suggest a 2-miRNA signature as potential bi…
2017
Background Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma (MPM) is an aggressive cancer mainly caused by asbestos exposure and refractory to current therapies. Specific diagnostic markers for early MPM diagnosis are needed. Changes in miRNA expression have been implicated in several diseases and cancers, including MPM. We examined if a specific miRNA signature in plasmatic extracellular vesicles (EV) may help to discriminate between malignant pleural mesothelioma patients (MPM) and subjects with Past Asbestos Exposure (PAE). Methodology/Principal findings We investigated 23 MPM patients and 19 cancer-free subjects with past asbestos exposure (PAE). We screened 754 miRNAs in plasmatic EVs by OpenArray and f…
Gluing the ‘unwettable’: soil-dwelling harvestmen use viscoelastic fluids for capturing springtails
2014
Gluing can be a highly efficient mechanism of prey capture, as it should require less complex sensory–muscular feedback. Whereas it is well known in insects, this mechanism is much less studied in arachnids, except spiders. Soil-dwelling harvestmen (Opiliones, Nemastomatidae) bear drumstick-like glandular hairs (clavate setae) at their pedipalps, which were previously hypothesized to be sticky and used in prey capture. However, clear evidence for this was lacking to date. Using high-speed videography, we found that the harvestman Mitostoma chrysomelas was able to capture fast-moving springtails (Collembola) just by a slight touch of the pedipalp. Adhesion of single clavate setae increased p…
Sample pretreatment techniques for oligopeptide analysis from natural sources
2008
The analysis of oligopeptides in samples of food, tissues, and body fluids attracts considerable attention. The complexity of such samples requires efficient sample preparation (i.e., concentration and cleanup) procedures to remove interfering endogenous compounds and inorganic or organic salts. The methods of sample pretreatment that enable effective and selective isolation and/or preconcentration of oligopeptides from complex sample matrices have been reviewed. In each case, examples of application were presented and discussed, taking into account selectivity, enrichment, method automation, cleanup, and environmental aspects of the developed methods.
Computational Fluid Dynamics Simulation of Hydrodynamics and Stresses in the PhEur/USP Disintegration Tester Under Fed and Fasted Fluid Characteristi…
2015
ABSTRACT: Disintegration of oral solid dosage forms is a prerequisite for drug dissolution and absorption and is to a large extent dependent on the pressures and hydrodynamic conditions in the solution that the dosage form is exposed to. In this work, the hydrodynamics in the PhEur/USP disintegration tester were investigated using computational fluid dynamics (CFD). Particle image velocimetry was used to validate the CFD predictions. The CFD simulations were performed with different Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids, representing fasted and fed states. The results indicate that the current design and operating conditions of the disintegration test device, given by the pharmacopoeias, are n…
PCR for the detection of pathogens in neonatal early onset sepsis.
2020
Background A large proportion of neonates are treated for presumed bacterial sepsis with broad spectrum antibiotics even though their blood cultures subsequently show no growth. This study aimed to investigate PCR-based methods to identify pathogens not detected by conventional culture. Methods Whole blood samples of 208 neonates with suspected early onset sepsis were tested using a panel of multiplexed bacterial PCRs targeting Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus agalactiae (GBS), Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes (GAS), Enterobacteriaceae, Enterococcus faecalis, Enterococcus faecium, Ureaplasma parvum, Ureaplasma urealyticum, Mycoplasma hominis and Mycoplasma genitalium, a …
Paratransgenic manipulation of a tsetse microRNA alters the physiological homeostasis of the fly’s midgut environment
2021
Tsetse flies are vectors of parasitic African trypanosomes, the etiological agents of human and animal African trypanosomoses. Current disease control methods include fly-repelling pesticides, fly trapping, and chemotherapeutic treatment of infected people and animals. Inhibiting tsetse’s ability to transmit trypanosomes by strengthening the fly’s natural barriers can serve as an alternative approach to reduce disease. The peritrophic matrix (PM) is a chitinous and proteinaceous barrier that lines the insect midgut and serves as a protective barrier that inhibits infection with pathogens. African trypanosomes must cross tsetse’s PM in order to establish an infection in the fly, and PM struc…
Odd haemoglobins in odd-toed ungulates: Impact of selected haemoglobin characteristics of the white rhinoceros (Ceratotherium simum) on the monitorin…
2019
Background Due to the current poaching crisis in Africa, increasing numbers of white rhinoceroses (Ceratotherium simum) require opioid immobilisation for medical interventions or management procedures. Alarmingly, the results of both blood gas analysis and pulse oximetry regularly indicate severe hypoxaemia. Yet, the recovery of the animals is uneventful. Thus, neither of the techniques seems to represent the real oxygenation level. We hypothesized that unusual haemoglobin characteristics of this species interfere with the techniques developed and calibrated for the use in human patients. Methods Haemoglobin was isolated from blood samples of four adult, white rhinoceroses. Oxygen dissociat…
Platelet function testing in pigs using the Multiplate® Analyzer.
2019
PLOS ONE 14(8), e0222010 (2019). doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0222010
Development of pipette tip-based poly(methacrylic acid-co-ethylene glycol dimethacrylate) monolith for the extraction of drugs of abuse from oral flu…
2019
Abstract In this work, a monolithic polymer based on poly(methacrylic acid-co-ethylene glycol dimethacrylate) (MAA-co-EDMA) was prepared inside 200 μL pipette tips for the extraction of drug of abuse from oral fluid samples. After an appropriate surface tip modification, several polymerization mixtures with different monomer/cross-linker ratios, and percentage of porogen were studied. The most appropriate monolith to easily flow organic solvents and oral fluid samples was prepared with a MAA/EDMA ratio of 8:92 wt/wt and dodecanol containing 10 wt% toluene, as porogenic solvent. Parameters affecting the extraction procedure were evaluated and the monolith was characterized in terms of bindin…
Sialotranscriptomics of the argasid tick ornithodoros moubata along the trophogonic cycle
2021
32 páginas, 8 tablas, 6 figuras