Search results for "Bone Marrow"
showing 10 items of 538 documents
Mastocytosis - pathogenesis, clinical manifestation and treatment
2017
The term mastocytosis designates a group of rare disorders characterized by typical skin lesions, frequently associated episodes of anaphylaxis, and clinical symptoms related to the release of various mediators. Dermatologists/allergists are frequently the first to establish the diagnosis. The condition is based on clonal mast cell proliferation, usually in the skin or bone marrow and only rarely in the gastrointestinal tract or other tissues. In general, mastocytosis has a good prognosis in terms of life expectancy. Rare variants - including mast cell leukemia, aggressive mastocytosis, and the exceedingly rare mast cell sarcoma - require cytoreductive therapy. In cases associated with hema…
Myeloma-Induced Alterations of Glutamine Metabolism Impair Bone Microenvironment Niche in Multiple Myeloma Patients
2018
Abstract Multiple myeloma (MM) cells are characterized by tight dependence on the bone marrow (BM) microenvironment that exerts a permissive role on cell growth and survival. In turn, MM cells markedly modify their microenvironment leading, in particular, to the development of osteolytic bone lesions. Recently, we demonstrated that metabolic alterations is a major feature of MM cells showing that BM plasma of MM patients is characterized by lower levels of Glutamine (Gln) and higher levels of Glutamate (Glu) and ammonium when compared with patients with smoldering MM (SMM) and Monoclonal Gammopathy of Uncertain Significance (MGUS). In the majority of MM patients MM cells are Gln-addicted si…
Immunoistochemical expression of PD-1 and PD-L1 in bone marrow biopsies of patients with acute myeloid leukemia
2020
Background. Haematological and non-haematological malignancies are able to escape the host immune by the capacity to hijack the immune check-points. Several immune check-point molecules are known, such as T cell immunoglobulin mucin-3 (TIM-3), cytotoxic T-cell antigen-4 (CTLA-4), programmed death-1 (PD-1) with its ligand PD-L1 and others.1 The function of these immune check-points is to prevent the damage resulting from an excessive activation of the immune response in the setting of chronic antigenic stimulation, thus leading to autoimmune phenomena, as proved in knock-out mice models. PD-1 is normally present on activated T lymphocytes membrane, acting as a negative costimulatory receptor…
Organotypic Epigenetic Signature Predicts Bone and Marrow Niche Forming Capacity of Stromal Progenitors in a Novel Mouse Model in Vivo.
2012
Abstract Abstract 2987 Mesenchymal stem/progenitor cells (MSPCs) from numerous tissues are currently tested in clinical trials despite a limited understanding of their in vivo behavior. In this study we used MSPCs from adult and fetal tissues to select the appropriate source for clinical application. We asked whether MSPCs derived from human bone marrow (BM), white adipose tissue (WAT) and umbilical cord (UC), compared to skin fibroblasts, bear an equivalent bone and marrow niche formation potential with of in vivo. Furthermore we evaluated attraction and engraftment of murine as well as human hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs) into newly formed MSPC-derived niches. To elucidate po…
Burkholderia cepacia septicemia in a patient with acute myeloid leukemia in postchemotherapy bone marrow aplasia
2013
The patients with hematologic malignancies are predisposed to develop infections with unusual bacteria, like Burkholderia cepacia, which is frequently resistant to many antibiotics and antiseptics. We present the case of a female patient with acute myeloid leukemia type 2 on the background of myelodysplastic syndrome, from whom Burkholderia cepacia was isolated in blood culture, after the 2(nd) cycle of induction. She was sensitive to ceftazidime, but its eradication was not easy. Five other patients were contaminated with this bacteria, but all of them had favourable evolution. The case is discussed in the context of those similar in literature.
Therapy-Related Myeloid Neoplasms in Patients With Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia Treated With All-Trans-Retinoic Acid and Anthracycline-Based Chemothe…
2010
Purpose We analyzed the incidence, risk factors, and outcome of therapy-related myeloid neoplasms (t-MNs) in patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) in first complete remission (CR). Patients and Methods From 1996 to 2008, 1,025 patients with APL were enrolled onto three sequential trials (LPA96, LPA99, and LPA2005) of the Programa Español para el Tratamiento de Enfermedades Hematológicas and received induction and consolidation therapy with all-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA) and anthracycline-based chemotherapy. Results Seventeen of 918 patients who achieved CR developed t-MN (10 with < 20% and seven with ≥ 20% of bone marrow blasts) after a median of 43 months from CR. Partial and…
Induction of B-cell development in adult mice reveals the ability of bone marrow to produce B-1a cells
2009
AbstractTo study B-cell development from bone marrow (BM), we generated recombination-activating gene 1 (Rag1)–targeted mice lacking mature lymphocytes. B-cell development can be induced in such mice by B cell–specific restoration of a functional Rag1 transcription unit. Follicular and marginal zone B cells populated the spleen when Rag1 expression was permitted. Notably, the peritoneal cavity was dominated by bona fide B-1a cells, as judged by surface markers and functional properties. These BM-derived B-1a cells exhibited a polyclonal VDJ repertoire with substantial N nucleotide insertions. Nevertheless, physiologic frequencies of phosphatidylcholine-specific B cells were detected. Import…
Lymphoma cell apoptosis in the liver induced by distant murine cytomegalovirus infection.
2006
ABSTRACTCytomegalovirus (CMV) poses a threat to the therapy of hematopoietic malignancies by hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, but efficient reconstitution of antiviral immunity prevents CMV organ disease. Tumor relapse originating from a minimal residual leukemia poses another threat. Although a combination of risk factors was supposed to enhance the incidence and severity of transplantation-associated disease, a murine model of a liver-adapted B-cell lymphoma has previously shown a survival benefit and tumor growth inhibition by nonlethal subcutaneous infection with murine CMV. Here we have investigated the underlying antitumoral mechanism. Virus replication proved to be required, …
Mesenchymal stem cells of Systemic Sclerosis patients, derived from different sources, show a profibrotic microRNA profiling
2019
AbstractSystemic Sclerosis (SSc) is a disease with limited therapeutic possibilities. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs)-therapy could be a promising therapeutic option, however the ideal MSCs source has not yet been found. To address this problem, we perform comparison between bone marrow (BM)-MSCs and adipose (A)-MSCs, by the miRs expression profile, to identify the gene modulation in these two MSCs source. MicroRNAs (miRs) are RNAs sequences, regulating gene expression and MSCs, derived from different tissues, may differently respond to the SSc microenvironment. The miRs array was used for the miRs profiling and by DIANA-mirPath tool we identified the biological functions of the dysregulated …
Value of bone marrow biopsy in the diagnosis of essential thrombocythemia.
2004
Background and Objectives. Essential thrombocythemia (ET) is a Philadelphia chromosome-negative chronic myeloproliferative disorder (CMPD) whose diagnosis, according to the Polycythemia Vera Study Group (PVSG) criteria, does not include histopathological data. The new WHO classification of CMPD has supplied new diagnostic guidelines which highlight the value of histopathology and facilitate a more precise differentiation of ET from reactive conditions and other CMPD. Design and Methods. Bone marrow biopsies from 142 adult patients diagnosed with ET according to PVSG criteria were evaluated using the new WHO classification. Megakaryocyte morphology and arrangement, amount of fibrosis and a c…