Search results for "Bone regeneration"
showing 10 items of 178 documents
Macrophage type modulates osteogenic differentiation of adipose tissue MSCs
2017
Since the reconstruction of large bone defects remains a challenge, knowledge about the biology of bone healing is desirable to develop novel strategies for improving the treatment of bone defects. In osteoimmunology, macrophages are the central component in the early stage of physiological response after bone injury and bone remodeling in the late stage. During this process, a switch of macrophage phenotype from pro-inflammatory (M1) to anti-inflammatory (M2) is observed. An appealing option for bone regeneration would be to exploit this regulatory role for the benefit of osteogenic differentiation of osteoprogenitor cells (e.g., mesenchymal stem cells; MSCs) and to eventually utilize this…
In vitro evaluation of a biomaterial-based anticancer drug delivery system as an alternative to conventional post-surgery bone cancer treatment
2018
Patients diagnosed with osteosarcoma are currently treated with intravenous injections of anticancer agents after tumor resection. However, due to remaining neoplastic cells at the site of tumor removal, cancer recurrence often occurs. Successful bone regeneration combined with the control of residual cancer cells presents a challenge for tissue engineering. Cyclodextrins loaded with chemotherapeutic drugs reversibly release the drugs over time. Hydroxyapatite bone biomaterials coated with doxorubicin-loaded cyclodextrin should release the drug with time after implantation directly at the original tumor site and may be a way to eliminate residual neoplastic cells. In the present study, we h…
Polyphosphate as a Bioactive and Biodegradable Implant Material: Induction of Bone Regeneration in Rats
2016
Inorganic polyphosphate (polyP) is a naturally occurring polymer that is bioresorbable and anabolically active on bone forming cells in vitro. In order to demonstrate if polyP also shows morphogenetic activity in vivo, animal studies are performed applying the rat calvarial defect model. Poly(D,L-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) microspheres with a narrow size distribution (≈820 μm) are prepared, containing either encapsulated polyP or β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP), used as a reference material. Discs are prepared from the microspheres and inserted into 10 mm large defects created in the calvaria of rats. Both the formation of COL-I and the expression of ALP is upregulated, as well as the exte…
Potential therapeutic uses of intraoral mesenchymal stem cells in other tissues of the body: A review
2020
Background Over the last few years, there has been a great advance in regenerative medicine, with various studies that have observed the ability to repair or regenerate dysfunctional tissues with the patient's own cells, such as with mesenchymal cells. In this area, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from the oral cavity have attracted attention because of their easy access and multiple cellular differentiations. Multiple studies have shown the various clinical applications at the intraoral level, especially at the level of bone regeneration, but the potential applications of oral MSC at a systemic level have been scarcely described. Objective: The objective of this review was to describe the po…
Photocrosslinked Dextran-Based Hydrogels as Carrier System for the Cells and Cytokines Induce Bone Regeneration in Critical Size Defects in Mice
2018
Modified biomaterials have for years been the focus of research into establishing new bone substitutes. In our preceding in vitro study employing different cell cultures, we developed chemically and mechanically characterized hydrogels based on photocrosslinkable dextran derivatives and demonstrated their cytocompatibility and their beneficial effects on the proliferation of osteoblasts and endothelial cells. In the present in vivo study, we investigate photocrosslinked dextran-based hydrogels in critical size defects in mice to evaluate their potential as carrier systems for cells or for a specific angiogenesis enhancing cytokine to induce bone formation. We could demonstrate that, with op…
Amorphous polyphosphate–hydroxyapatite: A morphogenetically active substrate for bone-related SaOS-2 cells in vitro
2015
There is increasing evidence that inorganic calcium-polyphosphates (polyP) are involved in human bone hydroxyapatite (HA) formation. Here we investigated the morphology of the particles, containing calcium phosphate (CaP) with different concentrations of various Na-polyP concentrations, as well as their effects in cell culture. We used both SaOS-2 cells and human mesenchymal stem cells. The polymeric phosphate readily binds calcium ions under formation of insoluble precipitates. We found that addition of low concentrations of polyP (10wt.%, referred to the CaP deposits) results in an increased size of the HA crystals. Surprisingly, at higher polyP concentrations (10wt.%) the formation of cr…
Silica-gelatin hybrid sol-gel coatings: A proteomic study with biocompatibility implications.
2018
Osseointegration, including the foreign body reaction to biomaterials, is an immune‐modulated, multifactorial, and complex healing process in which various cells and mediators are involved. The buildup of the osseointegration process is immunological and inflammation‐driven, often triggered by the adsorption of proteins on the surfaces of the biomaterials and complement activation. New strategies for improving osseointegration use coatings as vehicles for osteogenic biomolecules delivery from implants. Natural polymers, such as gelatin, can mimic Collagen I and enhance the biocompatibility of a material. In this experimental study, two different base sol–gel formulations and their combinati…
Drugs and diseases: Summary and consensus statements of group 1. The 5th EAO Consensus Conference 2018
2018
OBJECTIVES: The task of this working group was to update the knowledge about the use of drugs and biologicals affecting healing of soft tissue and bone during implant treatment or procedures associated with it. Moreover, the impact of titanium particles and biocorrosion on complications and implant survival has been analysed. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The literature in the areas of interest (platelet concentrates, antiresorptive drugs as well as implant-host interaction) was screened using systematic reviews for the former two areas, whereas a narrative critical review was performed for the latter topic. Two manuscripts on platelet concentrates, one manuscript on antiresorptive drugs and one m…
Advance on Resveratrol Application in Bone Regeneration: Progress and Perspectives for Use in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
2019
The natural polyphenol Resveratrol (RSV) claims numerous positive effects on health due to the well documented biological effects demonstrating its potential as a disease-preventing agent and as adjuvant for treatment of a wide variety of chronic diseases. Since several studies, both in vitro and in vivo, have highlighted the protective bone aptitude of RSV both as promoter of osteoblasts’ proliferation and antagonist of osteoclasts’ differentiation, they could be interesting in view of applications in the field of dentistry and maxillofacial surgery. This review has brought together experimental findings on the use of RSV in the regeneration of bone tissue comprising also its application a…
Platelet-Rich Plasma: A Study of the Variables that May Influence Its Effect on Bone Regeneration
2015
Background Currently, the use of platelet-rich plasma in bone regeneration is a real option, although more than one opinion has alerted us to the absence of clinical benefits. Purpose Analysis of the factors able to modify the characteristics of the platelet preparation obtained by Curasan, Plasma Rich in Growth Factors (PRGF), Platelet Concentrate Collection System (PCCS) and SmartPrep systems, relating them to the type of clinical application and the final bone regeneration achieved. Materials and Methods A search was conducted in PubMed using the keywords “platelet-rich plasma,” “PRP,” “platelet rich growth factors,” and “oral bone regeneration.” Four widely accepted protocols for the ob…