Search results for "Botrytis cinerea"
showing 10 items of 84 documents
Metabolism of stilbene phytoalexins by Botrytis cinerea: 1. Characterization of a resveratrol dehydrodimer
1998
Abstract Resveratrol, a grapevine phytoalexin, is metabolized by a laccase-like stilbene-oxidase of Botrytis cinerea, the causal organism for grey mould. Characterization of one major metabolite formed during this degradation process as a resveratrol dehydrodimer allowed us to precize the reaction mechanism of this enzyme on stilbenes.
Production of the Phytoalexin Resveratrol by Grapes as a Response to Botrytis Attack Under Natural Conditions
1995
Le resveratrol (3,5,4'-trihydroxystilbene) est un des mebolites de stress produit par la vigne en reponse a une infection parasitaire ou une blessure. La distribution de cette molecule dans des lesions limitees causees par Botrytis cinerea sur des grappes de raisins a maturite au vignoble a ete etudiee. Le resveratrol est localise principalement dans les fruits sains entourant les zones infectees. Cette reponse localisee contribue a limiter l'extension du pathogene tant que les conditions climatiques lui sont defavorables. Lorsque les conditions deviennent favorables; c'est-a-dire apres une periode humide et chaude, une expansion rapide des lesions est alors observee sur les fruits en depit…
Biological control ofBotrytis cinereacausing grey mould disease of grapevine and elicitation of stilbene phytoalexin (resveratrol) by a soil bacterium
1998
Botrytis cinerea Pers. was found to be highly pathogenic to the grapevine plant, producing the characteristic grey mould symptoms within 7 days of inoculation on vitroplants. A bacterial strain, isolated from soil, belonging to the genus Bacillus was found to be an antagonist of this disease causing fungus. The fungal attack on the grapevine acts as an elicitor to the production of phytoalexines like resveratrol. This compound was also formed when the leaves of the grapevine vitroplants were inoculated with the bacteria alone, and this activity was enhanced when a mixture of the pathogen and the antagonist bacteria was applied. Since resveratrol in wine is considered to be beneficial to hum…
Determinación de marcas epigenéticas en genesimplicados en la respuesta temprana a Botrytis cinerea de Arabidopsis thaliana y Solanum lycopersicum
2018
Existen en estudios recientes realizados en plantas, evidencias que vinculan la presencia de modificaciones epigenéticas con su respuesta a estreses bióticos. Sin embargo, dentro de estos estreses no se encuentra a penas información sobre patógenos necrótrofos. En esta tesis se exploran las posibles alteraciones en la estructura cromatinica que plantas de las especies Arabidopsis thaliana y Solanum lycopersicum (tomate) podrían experimentar en varios de sus genes expresados en la respuesta a la infección por Botrytis cinerea, un hongo necrótrofo. Se plantea para ellos la puesta a punto de un protocolo de extracción de cromatina y de inmunoprecipitación de la misma (ChIP) y, se relatan las d…
The endopolygalacturonase 1 from botrytis cinerea activates grapevine defense reactions unrelated to its enzyumatic activity
2003
A purified glycoprotein from Botrytis cinerea(strain T4), identified as endopolygalacturonase 1 (T4BcPG1) by mass spectrometry analysis, has been shown to activate defense reactions in grapevine (Vitis vinifera cv. Gamay). These reactions include calcium influx, production of active oxygen species, activation of two mitogen-activated protein kinases, defense gene transcript accumulation, and phytoalexin production. Most of these defense reactions were also activated in grapevine in response to purified oligogalacturonides (OGA) with a degree of polymerization of 9 to 20. In vivo, these active OGA might be a part of the released products resulting from endopolygalacturonase activity on plan…
ITS1 region of the nuclear ribosomal DNA of the mycoparasite Pythium periplocum, its taxonomy, and its comparison with related species.
2000
Pythium periplocum Drechsler was isolated from some soil samples taken in the botanical garden of Tenerife, Canary Islands. This fungus has been found to be an aggressive mycoparasite of Botrytis cinerea. It is unique amongst the members of the genus Pythium because of the character combination of inflated filamentous type of sporangia and ornamented oogonia. The taxonomic description of this fungus and its comparison with related species, together with the polymerase chain reaction of the internal transcribed spacer of its nuclear ribosomal DNA, are discussed in this article.
Role of dioxygenase α-DOX2 and SA in basal response and in hexanoic acid-induced resistance of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) plants against Botrytis …
2015
Resistance of tomato (Solanum Lycopersicum) to the fungal pathogen Botrytis cinerea requires complex interplay between hormonal signalling. In this study, we explored the involvement of new oxylipins in the tomato basal and induced response to this necrotroph through the functional analysis of the tomato α-dioxygenase2 (α-DOX2)-deficient mutant divaricata. We also investigated the role of SA in the defence response against this necrotrophic fungus using SA-deficient tomato nahG plants. The plants lacking dioxigenase α-DOX2, which catalyses oxylipins production from fatty acids, were more susceptible to Botrytis, and hexanoic acid-induced resistance (Hx-IR) was impaired; hence α-DOX2 is requ…
Characterisation of Pythium paroecandrum and its antagonism towards Botrytis cinerea, the causative agent of grey mould disease of grape.
2004
Pythium paroecandrum (B-30), an oomycete, was isolated from soil samples taken from a wheat field in Genlis in the Burgundy region of France and was found to check the growth and development of Botrytis cinerea, a serious grapevine pathogen. The oomycete is a fast-growing organism, living on vegetable debris, and can be recognised by its catenulate hyphal swellings, catenulate oogonia, and monoclinous antheridia. When grown together with B. cinerea, the causal agent of the grey mould disease of the grapevine, P. paroecandrum shows a pronounced antagonism and suppresses its growth and its aptitude to provoke the grey mould symptoms. Morphological features of this oomycete, its antagonism to …
Pythium contiguanum nomen novum (syn. Pythium dreschleri Paul), its antagonism to Botrytis cinerea, ITS1 region of its nuclear ribosomal DNA, and its…
2000
Pythium drechsleri Paul was described as a new species from soil samples taken in a salt-marsh of Arzew, Algeria [Paul, B. (1988) Une nouvelle espece de Pythium isolee d'une saline de l'ouest Algerien. Cryptogam. Mycol. 9, 325-333]. The name of the fungus, P. drechsleri, is a nomen invalidum, as it is a later homonym of P. drechsleri Rajgopalan and Ramakrishnan [Rajagopalan, S. and Ramakrishnan, K. (1971) Phycomycetes in agricultural soils with special reference to the Pythiaceae. Madras Univ. J. Sect. B 37,38, 100-117]. A new name, Pythium contiguanum is now being given to P. drechsleri Paul. This species is characterised by its contiguous inflated type of sporangia, smooth-walled oogonia …
Absence of the endo-beta-1,4-glucanases Cel1 and Cel2 reduces susceptibility to Botrytis cinerea in tomato.
2007
Cel1 and Cel2 are members of the tomato (Solanum lycopersicum Mill) endo-beta-1,4-glucanase (EGase) family that may play a role in fruit ripening and organ abscission. This work demonstrates that Cel1 protein is present in other vegetative tissues and accumulates during leaf development. We recently reported the downregulation of both the Cel1 mRNA and protein upon fungal infection, suggesting the involvement of EGases in plant-pathogen interactions. This hypothesis was confirmed by assessing the resistance to Botrytis cinerea infection of transgenic plants expressing both genes in an antisense orientation (Anti-Cel1, Anti-Cel2 and Anti-Cel1-Cel2). The Anti-Cel1-Cel2 plants showed enhanced …