Search results for "Bust"
showing 10 items of 1000 documents
SMAA in Robustness Analysis
2016
Stochastic multicriteria acceptability analysis (SMAA) is a simulation based method for discrete multicriteria decision aiding problems where information is uncertain, imprecise, or partially missing. In SMAA, different kind of uncertain information is represented by probability distributions. Because SMAA considers simultaneously the uncertainty in all parameters, it is particularly useful for robustness analysis. Depending on the problem setting, SMAA determines all possible rankings or classifications for the alternatives, and quantifies the possible results in terms of probabilities. This chapter describes SMAA in robustness analysis using a real-life decision problem as an example. Bas…
CORPORATE BANKRUPTCY AND INSOLVENCY PREDICTION MODEL
2021
In any competitive economy, the risk of bankruptcy is pervasive. The research aims to contribute in improving the predictive power of bankruptcy and insolvency risk among companies by introducing new methods of processing and validation. This paper investigates the extensive application of the Z score model for predicting the economic-financial stability of Romanian companies in the manufacturing and extractive industries. A list of 37 financial indicators determined on the basis of the balance sheet data of 80 companies for the period 2015–2018 was used. Stepwise Least Squares Estimation through the Forward method allowed the identification of the most relevant ones. Canonical discriminant…
Stochastic Approximation for Multivariate and Functional Median
2010
We propose a very simple algorithm in order to estimate the geometric median, also called spatial median, of multivariate (Small (1990)) or functional data (Gervini (2008)) when the sample size is large. A simple and fast iterative approach based on the Robbins-Monro algorithm (Duflo (1997)) as well as its averaged version (Polyak and Juditsky (1992)) are shown to be effective for large samples of high dimension data. They are very fast and only require O(Nd) elementary operations, where N is the sample size and d is the dimension of data. The averaged approach is shown to be more effective and less sensitive to the tuning parameter. The ability of this new estimator to estimate accurately …
Comparison of differences in resolution and sources of controlling factors for gully erosion susceptibility mapping
2018
Abstract Gully erosion has been identified as an important soil degradation process and sediment source, especially in arid and semiarid areas. Thus, it is useful to identify the spatial occurrence of this form of water erosion in the landscape and the most vulnerable areas. In this study, we explored the effects of different pixel sizes on some controlling factors extracted from a digital elevation model and remote sensing data when producing a gully erosion susceptibility map (GESM) of Ekbatan Dam Basin, Hamadan, Iran. An inventory map of the gully landforms was prepared based on global positioning system routes of the gullies, extensive field surveys, and visual interpretations of satell…
The effect of genetic robustness on evolvability in digital organisms
2008
Abstract Background Recent work has revealed that many biological systems keep functioning in the face of mutations and therefore can be considered genetically robust. However, several issues related to robustness remain poorly understood, such as its implications for evolvability (the ability to produce adaptive evolutionary innovations). Results Here, we use the Avida digital evolution platform to explore the effects of genetic robustness on evolvability. First, we obtained digital organisms with varying levels of robustness by evolving them under combinations of mutation rates and population sizes previously shown to select for different levels of robustness. Then, we assessed the abilit…
Mechanical activation effect on the self-sustaining combustion reaction in the Mo–Si system
2001
Abstract Nanostructured molybdenum disilicide (MoSi2) was synthesized using an alternative route called MASHS (mechanically activated self-propagating high-temperature synthesis). This original process combines a short duration ball milling (MA) with a self-sustaining combustion (SHS). These two steps were investigated. The microstructure evolution of the powder mixture during mechanical activation was monitored using XRD profile analysis and TEM investigations. Short duration ball milling of (Mo+2Si) powder produces Mo and Si nanocrystallites into micrometric particles. It was demonstrated that pure α-MoSi2 with nanometric structure (DMoSi2=88 nm) could be produced via a very fast combusti…
Combustion Formation of Novel Nanomaterials: Synthesis and Cathodoluminescence of Silicon Carbide Nanowires
2009
This paper presents the combustion synthesis and characterization of one-dimensional silicon carbide nanostructures (nanowires of 3C-SiC polytype with zincblend structure) by means of cathodoluminescence technique. Cathodoluminescence spectra of nano-SiC samples and, as a reference, of a commercially available SiC micropowder are compared. It is shown that the emission band at 1.97 eV which is slightly evidenced in the spectrum of the commercial SiC under 10 keV electron beam irradiation becomes the prevailing band in CL of the purified silicon carbide nanowires.
The long-term consequences of the global 1918 influenza pandemic: A systematic analysis of 117 IPUMS international census data sets
2017
Several country-level studies, including a prominent one for the United States, have identified long-term effects of in-utero exposure to the 1918 influenza pandemic (also known as the Spanish Flu) on economic outcomes in adulthood. In-utero conditions are theoretically linked to adult health and socioeconomic status through the fetal origins or Barker hypothesis. Historical exposure to the Spanish Flu provides a natural experiment to test this hypothesis. Although the Spanish Flu was a global phenomenon, with around 500 million people infected worldwide, there exists no comprehensive global study on its long-term economic effects. We attempt to close this gap by systematically analyzing 11…
Neuroevolution of Actively Controlled Virtual Characters - An Experiment for an Eight-Legged Character
2018
Physics-based character animation offers an attractive alternative for traditional animations. However, it is often strenuous for a physics-based approach to incorporate active user control of different characters. In this paper, a neuroevolutionary approach is proposed using HyperNEAT to combine individually trained neural controllers to form a control strategy for a simulated eight-legged character, which is a previously untested character morphology for this algorithm. It is aimed to evaluate the robustness and responsiveness of the control strategy that changes the controllers based on simulated user inputs. The experiment result shows that HyperNEAT is able to evolve long walking contr…
Intertemporal substitution and the liquidity effect in a sticky price model
2002
Abstract The liquidity effect, defined as a decrease in nominal interest rates in response to a monetary expansion, is a major stylized fact of the business cycle. This paper first confirms that, with separable preferences, a low degree of intertemporal substitution in consumption is a necessary condition for the existence of the liquidity effect. In contrast to this result, in a model with non-separable preferences and capital accumulation it takes an implausibly high elasticity of intertemporal substitution to produce a liquidity effect. The robustness of these results to alternative degrees of nominal rigidities, capital adjustment costs and stochastic monetary processes is also analysed…