Search results for "CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE."
showing 10 items of 2331 documents
The importance of diagnosing the Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
2000
The polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is an extremely common disorder that occurs in 4% to 7% of women of reproductive age. Although PCOS is known to be associated with reproductive morbidity and increased risk for endometrial cancer, diagnosis is especially important because PCOS is now thought to increase metabolic and cardiovascular risks. These risks are strongly linked to insulin resistance and are compounded by the common occurrence of obesity, although insulin resistance and its associated risks are also present in nonobese women with PCOS. Women with PCOS are at increased risk for impaired glucose tolerance, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and hypertension. Cardiovascular disease is believ…
Effects of empagliflozin on CA125 trajectory in patients with chronic congestive heart failure
2021
INTRODUCTION: We aimed to evaluate the trajectory of two surrogates of fluid overload -antigen carbohydrate 125 (CA125) and amino-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP)- after the addition of oral empagliflozin to usual care in a cohort of patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) and type 2 diabetes (T2D). METHODS AND RESULTS: From October 2015 to February 2019, 60 ambulatory patients with CHF and T2D were retrospectively included. The primary endpoint was to assess the longitudinal trajectory of plasma levels of CA125 and NT-proBNP after empagliflozin initiation. Changes in quantitative variables were evaluated using linear mixed regression. Median CA125 and NT-proBNP at basel…
Triglycerides, HDL cholesterol and atherogenic dyslipidaemia in the 2019 European guidelines for the management of dyslipidaemias.
2019
In general, both European and American clinical guidelines have addressed the management of atherogenic dyslipidaemia in an unconvincing and even superficial way, largely because of the available therapeutic limitations. Consequently, this type of dyslipidaemia is underdiagnosed, under-treated, and under-controlled. Given the recent presentation of the 2019 guidelines of the European Atherosclerosis Society and the European Society of Cardiology on the management of dyslipidaemias, it seems appropriate to examine its position with respect to atherogenic dyslipidaemia and/or its main components, the increase in triglyceride-rich lipoproteins, and the decrease of high-density lipoprotein chol…
DHEA, DHEAS and PCOS.
2014
Approximately 20-30% of PCOS women demonstrate excess adrenal precursor androgen (APA) production, primarily using DHEAS as a marker of APA in general and more specifically DHEA, synthesis. The role of APA excess in determining or causing PCOS is unclear, although observations in patients with inherited APA excess (e.g., patients with 21-hydroxylase deficient congenital classic or non-classic adrenal hyperplasia) demonstrate that APA excess can result in a PCOS-like phenotype. Inherited defects of the enzymes responsible for steroid biosynthesis, or defects in cortisol metabolism, account for only a very small fraction of women suffering from hyperandrogenism or APA excess. Rather, women wi…
Resistin: An Inflammatory Cytokine. Role in Cardiovascular Diseases, Diabetes and the Metabolic Syndrome
2014
Resistin is an adipocyte- and monocyte-derived cytokine which has been implicated in the modulation of insulin action, energy, glucose and lipid homeostasis. Resistin has been associated with insulin resistance and many of its known complications. As a molecular link between metabolic signals, inflammation, and vascular dysfunction, resistin can be proposed as playing a significant role in the heightened inflammatory state induced by metabolic stress linked to excessive caloric intake, thus contributing to the risk for metabolic syndrome (MetS), type 2 diabetes (T2DM), and cardiovascular diseases (CVD). In this review, we highlighted the role of resistin, as an inflammatory cytokine, in the…
Disturbed Glucose Metabolism and Left Ventricular Geometry in the General Population
2021
Background: This study sought to investigate the prevalence and clinical outcome of left ventricular (LV) geometry in prediabetes and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and the impact of glucose metabolism on the incidence of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH). Methods: 15,010 subjects (35–74 years) of the population-based Gutenberg Health Study were categorized into euglycemia, prediabetes, and T2DM according to clinical and metabolic (HbA1c) information. Clinical outcome was assessed via structured follow-up. Results: The study comprised 12,121 individuals with euglycemia (81.6%), 1415 with prediabetes (9.5%), and 1316 with T2DM (8.9%). Prevalence of LVH increased from euglycemia (10.2%) ove…
Endovascular mechanical thrombectomy of the inferior vena cava and iliac veins with the use of Aspirex®S device in a paediatric patient
2017
Phlegmasia cerulea dolens, which is the most severe clinical presentation of deep venous thrombosis and results from an almost complete occlusion of the major and collateral venous outflow routes from the extremity, is very rarely seen in children. Here we describe the treatment of an 11-year-old boy with Down syndrome who presented with thrombotic occlusion of the inferior vena cava and both iliac veins. We present a step-by-step technique of endovascular mechanical thrombectomy of these veins with the use of the Aspirex®S thrombectomy device. Endovascular treatment was followed by local intravenous thrombolysis. Because of recurrent thrombosis, which occurred 4 days later, endovascular th…
Clot Composition Analysis as a Diagnostic Tool to Gain Insight into Ischemic Stroke Etiology: A Systematic Review
2021
Mechanical thrombectomy renders the occluding clot available for analysis. Insights into thrombus composition could help establish the stroke cause. We aimed to investigate the value of clot composition analysis as a complementary diagnostic tool in determining the etiology of large vessel occlusion (LVO) ischemic strokes (International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews [PROSPERO] registration # CRD42020199436). Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, we ran searches on Medline (using the PubMed interface) and Web of Science for studies reporting analyses of thrombi retrieved from LVO stroke patients subjected to mechani…
The LDL receptor in the retina: the missing link in aging, the new target in dietary prevention
2012
National audience; Purpose: The discovery of the LDL receptor (LDLR) in 1985 by Brown and Goldstein was awarded by a Nobel Prize. The LDLR has initially been identified for its role in mediating the endocytosis of LDL particles in the vascular endothelium. The deposition of lipids, including cholesterol and cholesteryl esters in Bruch’s Membrane in the one hand, and in the vessel intima in the other hand, is one of the common features of age related macular degeneration (AMD) and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Dietary habits with high intakes of omega 3 long chain fatty acids (LCFA) have been associated with AMD prevention. Similar effects have been demonstrated in CVD prevention. The mechan…
Cardiovascular outcomes after cardiac resynchronization therapy in cardiac amyloidosis
2021
Abstract Aims Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) is highly effective in dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) patients with impaired left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and left bundle block branch. In cardiac amyloidosis (CA) patients, left ventricular dysfunction and conduction defects are common, but the potential of CRT to improve cardiac remodelling and survival in this particular setting remains undefined. We investigated cardiovascular outcomes in CA patients after CRT implantation in terms of CRT echocardiographic response and major cardiovascular events (MACEs). Methods and results Our retrospective study included 47 CA patients implanted with CRT devices from January 2012 to Feb…