Search results for "CD8"
showing 10 items of 682 documents
Immune characterization of the HBHA-specific response in Mycobacterium tuberculosis-infected patients with or without HIV infection.
2017
Introduction RD1-based Interferon-γ Release Assays (IGRAs) cannot distinguish latent from active tuberculosis (TB) disease. Conversely, a positive response to heparin-binding haemagglutinin (HBHA)-based IGRAs, among TB-infected subjects, correlates with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) containment and low risk of TB progression. The aim of this study was to characterize HBHA-immune responses in HIV-infected and uninfected subjects with active TB or latent TB infection (LTBI). Methods 49 subjects were prospectively enrolled: 22 HIV-uninfected (13 TB, 9 LTBI) and 27 HIV-infected (12 HIV-TB, 15 HIV-LTBI). Whole blood and peripheral blood mononuclear cells were stimulated with HBHA and RD1 anti…
In the literature: October 2016
2016
A consortium on clinical and molecular stratification on oesophageal adenocarcinoma established in Britain has recently published in Nature Genetics , a whole-genomic sequencing analysis of more than 100 samples.1 Interestingly, they describe three distinct molecular subtypes with potential treatment relevance. This observation has also been verified in an independent validation cohort. Those three types are: (1) the ones showing homologous recombination and chromosome segregation pathways defects with enrichment of a BRCA signature. These tumours would be sensitive to DNA damaging agents, including neutron and photon irradiation with the addition of PARP inhibitors, (2) a group with high m…
Natural Selection Footprint in Novel Coronavirus: A Genomic Perspective of SARS-COV2 Pandemic and Hypothesis for Peptide-Based Vaccine
2021
We retrospective analyzed in silico the binding affinity of SARS-CoV-2 peptides to MHC class I HLA-A, -B, and –C molecules in different countries with high and low morbidity and mortality rates. We used bioinformatics approach to screen 18260 SARS-CoV-2 epitopes that have significant affinity for different MHC class I alleles and found approximately five thousand predicted nonamers to bind different alleles. Those predicted epitopes show different significant affinity for frequently occurring MHC I alleles. regarding to HLA frequencies within different populations that can vary due to differences in their evolutionary histories, we showed that those alleles have different correlation with S…
HCV-induced immune responses influence the development of operational tolerance after liver transplantation in humans.
2014
Pathogen-induced immune responses prevent the establishment of transplantation tolerance in experimental animal models. Whether this occurs in humans as well remains unclear. The development of operational tolerance in liver transplant recipients with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection allows us to address this question. We conducted a clinical trial of immunosuppression withdrawal in HCV-infected adult liver recipients to elucidate (i) the mechanisms through which allograft tolerance can be established in the presence of an ongoing inflammatory response and (ii) whether anti-HCV heterologous immune responses influence this phenomenon. Of 34 enrolled liver recipients, drug withdrawal…
Induction and tolerization of anti-male CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes by in vivo immunization with an H-Y-derived peptide
1999
Abstract We have analyzed the immune response induced by a 9mer synthetic peptide derived from the male histocompatibility antigen H-Y and containing D b -binding motifs in C57BL/6 mice. In this study we report that a single, subcutaneous injection of the peptide emulsified in IFA gave rise to the development of male-specific CD8 + T cells which displayed H-Y-specific proliferative response in vitro and showed a Tc1-type pattern of cytokine production (i.e. they secreted IFN-γ and IL-2, but not IL-4 and IL-10). Development of a strong cytotoxic activity required in vitro stimulation with specific peptide and IL-2: under these culture conditions, we were able to generate potent CD8 + CTLs th…
Cross-reactivity between tumor MHC class I-restricted antigens and an enterococcal bacteriophage
2020
International audience; Intestinal microbiota have been proposed to induce commensal-specific memory T cells that cross-react with tumor-associated antigens. We identified major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I-binding epitopes in the tail length tape measure protein (TMP) of a prophage found in the genome of the bacteriophage Enterococcus hirae Mice bearing E. hirae harboring this prophage mounted a TMP-specific H-2Kb-restricted CD8+ T lymphocyte response upon immunotherapy with cyclophosphamide or anti-PD-1 antibodies. Administration of bacterial strains engineered to express the TMP epitope improved immunotherapy in mice. In renal and lung cancer patients, the presence of the ent…
Quantification of CD8+ T lymphocytes responsive to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) peptide antigens in HIV-infected patients and seronegative pers…
1998
/ T cells responding to HIV-1 peptides were observed in none of 11 HIV- seronegative donors without a history of HIV exposure. ELISPOT assays are relatively fast and easy to perform and appear to reliably detect T cell reactivity due to previous exposure to HIV. These findings support the use of the ELISPOT assay for monitoring T cell responsiveness to HIV peptides. In acute infection with the human immunodeficiency virus We described recently an enzyme-linked immunospot (ELISPOT) assay to detect and quantitate single blood-de- type 1 (HIV-1), initial reduction in virus load is associated with the appearance of a high frequency of antiviral cytotoxic T rived CD8 / T lymphocytes forming tumo…
Human CD8+ memory and EBV-specific T cells show low alloreactivity in vitro and in CD34+ stem cell–engrafted NOD/SCID/IL-2Rγcnull mice
2013
Current strategies in cellular immunotherapy of cancer and viral infections include the adoptive transfer of T cell receptor (TCR) and chimeric antigen receptor engineered T cells. When using transient RNA expression systems in clinical studies, multiple infusions with receptor-redirected T cells appear necessary. However, in allogeneic hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation, repeated transfer of donor-derived T cells increases the risk of alloreactive graft-versus-host disease. We investigated naive-derived (T N ), memory-derived (T M ), and Epstein Barr virus-specific (T EBV ) CD8 + T cell subsets for alloreactivity upon redirection with RNA encoding a cytomegalovirus-specific model TCR.…
Antigens and immunoevasins: opponents in cytomegalovirus immune surveillance
2002
CD8+ T cells are the main effector cells for the immune control of cytomegaloviruses. To subvert this control, human and mouse cytomegaloviruses each encode a set of immune-evasion proteins, referred to here as immunoevasins, which interfere specifically with the MHC class I pathway of antigen processing and presentation. Although the concerted action of immunoevasins prevents the presentation of certain viral peptides, other viral peptides escape this blockade conditionally or constitutively and thereby provide the molecular basis of immune surveillance by CD8+ T cells. The definition of viral antigenic peptides that are presented despite the presence of immunoevasins adds a further dimens…
Impact of CMV and EBV seropositivity on CD8 T lymphocytes in an old population from West-Sicily.
2007
Abstract Herpes viruses (particularly CMV and to some extent EBV) might play a role in accelerating the deterioration of immune functions with age. Indeed, it has been demonstrated that chronic infection with CMV causes an expansion of specific CD8 T lymphocytes and that this is related to a shrinkage of the T cell repertoire in very elderly people, predicting mortality. We have analysed CD8 T cells in young and old healthy Sicilians who were both CMV- and EBV-seropositive. Our data confirm expansions of T cells specific for the HLA-A2-restricted pp65 (495–503) CMV epitope up to nearly 14% of total peripheral CD8 cells in certain elderly individuals (range 0–14%). However, the mean percenta…