Search results for "CHIP"
showing 10 items of 386 documents
DNA Computing: Concepts for Medical Applications
2022
The branch of informatics that deals with construction and operation of computers built of DNA, is one of the research directions which investigates issues related to the use of DNA as hardware and software. This concept assumes the use of DNA computers due to their biological origin mainly for intelligent, personalized and targeted diagnostics frequently related to therapy. Important elements of this concept are (1) the retrieval of unique DNA sequences using machine learning methods and, based on the results of this process, (2) the construction/design of smart diagnostic biochip projects. The authors of this paper propose a new concept of designing diagnostic biochips, the key elements o…
Synopsis of the helminth communities of the lacertid lizards from the Balearic and Canary Islands
2012
Helminth communities of reptiles have usually been considered as depauperate and isolationist, with low abundance and species richness when compared to other vertebrates. Nevertheless there are some insular reptile populations in which this general rule is not fulfilled. In this study, we compare helminth faunas from two groups of lizards living in two different archipelagos and having different feeding habits. Lacertid lizards from Canary Islands, belonging to the endemic genus Gallotia, showed by contrast with other lacertids, a tendency to high consumption of plant matter and to rich and diverse helminth communities. Differences were found even between the lizards living in different isl…
Helminth infracommunities of Gallotia caesaris caesaris and Gallotia caesaris gomerae (Sauria: Lacertidae) from the Canary Islands (Eastern Atlantic).
2004
A survey of gastrointestinal helminth communities of Gallotia caesaris caesaris (Lehrs, 1914) and G. c. gomerae (Boettger and Muller, 1914), from the islands of El Hierro and La Gomera, respectively, in the Canary Archipelago, Spain, was conducted to determine the prevalence, intensity, and diversity of intestinal parasites of these lacertid lizards. Larval forms of cestodes, nematodes, and acanthocephalans were found in the body cavity of G. c. caesaris; this lizard is the intermediate or paratenic host in the life cycle of these helminths. Pharyngodonid nematodes were the most common intestinal helminths in both hosts, 4 of them being Gallotia spp. specialists. Helminth infracommunities o…
Plant speciation in continental island floras as exemplified byNigellain the Aegean Archipelago
2008
Continental shelf island systems, created by rising sea levels, provide a premier setting for studying the effects of geographical isolation on non-adaptive radiation and allopatric speciation brought about by genetic drift. The Aegean Archipelago forms a highly fragmented complex of mostly continental shelf islands that have become disconnected from each other and the mainland in relatively recent geological times (ca<5.2 Ma). These ecologically fairly homogenous islands thus provide a suitable biogeographic context for assessing the relative influences of past range fragmentation, colonization, gene flow and drift on taxon diversification. Indeed, recent molecular biogeographic studies…
Isolation and biodiversity inCytisus villosusPourret (Fabaceae, Genisteae): enzyme polymorphism in disjunct populations
1997
ABSTRACT The genetic diversity of isolated populations of Cytisus villosus has been studied by means of enzyme polymorphism analysis. Two types of isolated populations were studied: “terrestrial islands” in Sicily, and “true islands” in the Aeolian archipelago. In the populations of “true islands” the number of alleles and the heterozygosity are lower than in “terrestrial islands”. Isolation amongst Sicilian populations seems to be more recent than isolation of the Aeolian populations, and may be attributed to climatic changes which occurred during the Holocene and/or to human activities. The disjunction of the Aeolian populations seems much more recent than the origin of the isles themselv…
Application of Nanogen microarray technology for forensic SNP analysis
2006
Abstract The NanoChip® Molecular Biology Workstation using electronic microarrays is an approach for rapid and high throughput analysis of SNPs. This instrument is fully automated and uses a microchip for electronic addressing of capture probes to specific array sites followed by electronic hybridisation of the single stranded PCR products, and passive hybridisation of fluorescently labelled reporter probes. Discrimination is achieved by applying thermal stringency to denature the mismatched reporters. 48 SNP assays have been designed using the ‘capture down’ assay which applies a thermal ‘touch down’ strategy to obtain the best reporter probe discrimination.
Transcriptomic autophagy-related gene signature investigation for type 2 diabetes in Mediterranean subjects
2021
Abstract Background Autophagy (involving degradation and clearance of damaged organelles and compounds) plays a role in type 2 diabetes (T2D). There are three main types of autophagy and several genes involved. These genes have been well studied in animal models, but there are few transcriptomic studies in humans. Our aim is to analyze the differential gene expression, and the functional enrichment of the main autophagy-related genes (ARG) in T2D subjects from a Mediterranean population Methods We analyzed 120 White-European subjects (mean age 61,4 years; 50% women; 24 T2D) from Valencia, Spain. Clinical and lifestyle data were obtained. ARN was isolated from blood. Transcriptome-wide gene …
Effects of Large-Scale Releases on the Genetic Structure of Red Sea Bream (Pagrus major, Temminck et Schlegel) Populations in Japan.
2014
Large-scale hatchery releases are carried out for many marine fish species worldwide; nevertheless, the long-term effects of this practice on the genetic structure of natural populations remains unclear. The lack of knowledge is especially evident when independent stock enhancement programs are conducted simultaneously on the same species at different geographical locations, as occurs with red sea bream (Pagrus major, Temminck et Schlegel) in Japan. In this study, we examined the putative effects of intensive offspring releases on the genetic structure of red sea bream populations along the Japanese archipelago by genotyping 848 fish at fifteen microsatellite loci. Our results suggests weak…
Ecosystem Services at the Archipelago Sea Biosphere Reserve in Finland: A Visitor Perspective
2019
The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization&rsquo
Concept of Biogenic Ferromanganese Crust Formation: Coccoliths as Bio-seeds in Crusts from Central Atlantic Ocean (Senghor Seamount/Cape Verde)
2011
At depths of 2,000 to 3,000 m, seamounts from the Cape Verde archipelago (Central Atlantic Ocean) are largely covered with ferromanganese crusts. Here we studied 60 to 150 mm thick crusts from the Senghor Seamount (depth: 2257.4 m). The crusts have a non lamellated texture and are covered with spherical nodules. The chemical composition shows a dominance of MnO2 (26.1%) and Fe2O3 (38.8%) with considerable amounts of Co (0.74%) and TiO2 (2.1%). Analysis by scanning electron probe microanalyzer (EPMA) revealed a well defined compositional zonation of micro-layers; the distribution pattern of Mn does not match that of Fe. Analysis by high resolution scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed…