Search results for "COPI"

showing 10 items of 2618 documents

Electron refrigeration in hybrid structures with spin-split superconductors

2017

Electron tunneling between superconductors and normal metals has been used for an efficient refrigeration of electrons in the latter. Such cooling is a nonlinear effect and usually requires a large voltage. Here we study the electron cooling in heterostructures based on superconductors with a spin-splitting field coupled to normal metals via spin-filtering barriers. The cooling power shows a linear term in the applied voltage. This improves the coefficient of performance of electron refrigeration in the normal metal by shifting its optimum cooling to lower voltage, and also allows for cooling the spin-split superconductor by reverting the sign of the voltage. We also show how tunnel couplin…

Materials scienceelectron refrigerationta221FOS: Physical sciences02 engineering and technologyElectronsuperconductors01 natural sciences7. Clean energylaw.inventionsuprajohteetSuperconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)lawrefrigerationCondensed Matter::SuperconductivityMesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)0103 physical sciences010306 general physicsQuantum tunnellingSuperconductivityCouplingCondensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale PhysicsCondensed matter physicsta114Condensed Matter - SuperconductivityjäähdytysRefrigerationCoefficient of performanceCondensed Matter::Mesoscopic Systems and Quantum Hall Effect021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter::Strongly Correlated Electrons0210 nano-technologyElectron coolingVoltagePhysical Review B
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Mesoscopic structural organization in fluorinated pyrrolidinium-based room temperature ionic liquids

2019

Abstract In this contribution the microscopic and mesoscopic structural organization in a series of fluorinated room temperature ionic liquids, based on N-methyl-N-alkylpyrrolidinium cations and on bis(perfluoroalkylsulfonyl)imide anions, is investigated, using a synergy of experimental (X-ray and neutron scattering) and computational (Molecular Dynamics) techniques. The proposed ionic liquids are of high interest as electrolyte media for lithium battery applications. Together with information on their good ion transport properties in conjunction with low viscosity, we also describe the existence of nm-scale spatial organization induced by the segregation of fluorous moieties into domains. …

Materials sciencefluorinated02 engineering and technologyElectrolyteNeutron scattering010402 general chemistrymicroscopic01 natural sciencesionic liquidschemistry.chemical_compoundMolecular dynamicsSettore CHIM/02Materials ChemistrymesoscopicPhysics::Chemical PhysicsPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryImideSpectroscopyMesoscopic physicsStructural organizationscatteringionic liquids; fluorinated; microscopic; mesoscopic; scattering; simulation021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter PhysicssimulationAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsLithium battery0104 chemical sciencesElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialschemistryChemical physicsOthersIonic liquidionic liquids structural organization0210 nano-technology
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Advanced microscopy analysis of the micro-nanoscale architecture of human menisci

2019

AbstractThe complex inhomogeneous architecture of the human meniscal tissue at the micro and nano scale in the absence of artefacts introduced by sample treatments has not yet been fully revealed. The knowledge of the internal structure organization is essential to understand the mechanical functionality of the meniscus and its relationship with the tissue’s complex structure. In this work, we investigated human meniscal tissue structure using up-to-date non-invasive imaging techniques, based on multiphoton fluorescence and quantitative second harmonic generation microscopy complemented with Environmental Scanning Electron Microscopy measurements. Observations on 50 meniscal samples extract…

Materials sciencemultiphoton imaging SHG meniscus collagen elastin enviromental semScience0206 medical engineeringBiophysicslcsh:MedicineRegular wave02 engineering and technologyMenisci TibialArticleBiophysical Phenomena03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineImaging Three-DimensionalCollagen fibresMicroscopyHumansMeniscuslcsh:ScienceEnvironmental scanning electron microscopeNanoscopic scaleMicroscopyMultidisciplinaryMeniscal tissuebiologylcsh:RQR030229 sport sciencesSecond Harmonic Generation Microscopy020601 biomedical engineeringSettore FIS/07 - Fisica Applicata(Beni Culturali Ambientali Biol.e Medicin)Elastinbiology.proteinMicroscopy Electron ScanningMedicinelcsh:QCollagenAnatomySettore ICAR/08 - Scienza Delle CostruzioniElastinBiomedical engineeringScientific Reports
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Communication: anion-specific response of mesoscopic organization in ionic liquids upon pressurization

2018

One of the outstanding features of ionic liquids is their inherently hierarchical structural organization at mesoscopic spatial scales. Recently experimental and computational studies showed the fading of this feature when pressurising. Here we use simulations to show that this effect is not general: appropriate anion choice leads to an obstinate resistance against pressurization. Published by AIP Publishing.

Materials scienceneutron x-raycomputational studiesGeneral Physics and Astronomy010402 general chemistrystructural scale01 natural sciencesIonionic liquidsPhysics and Astronomy (all)chemistry.chemical_compoundCabin pressurizationSettore CHIM/02Mesoscopic spatial scalesionic liquidspressurisationmolecular dynamics0103 physical sciencesFadingPhysical and Theoretical Chemistrystructural organization; ionic liquids; structural scale; computational studies; mesoscopic organizationMesoscopic physicsStructural organization010304 chemical physicsstructural organization0104 chemical scienceschemistryChemical physicsFeature (computer vision)mesoscopic organizationIonic liquid
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Porous Aluminium Oxide Coating for the Development of Spectroscopic Ellipsometry Based Biosensor: Evaluation of Human Serum Albumin Adsorption

2020

An electrochemically synthesised porous anodic aluminium oxide (pAAO) layer has been analysed by means of spectroscopic ellipsometry. The determined thickness of the formed pAAO layer obtained from spectroscopic ellipsometry measurements and modelling was 322.75 &plusmn

Materials scienceporous aluminium oxide02 engineering and technology010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesspectroscopic ellipsometryoptical biosensorschemistry.chemical_compoundAdsorptionDesorptionMaterials ChemistrymedicineSurfaces and InterfacesBuffer solution021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyHuman serum albumin0104 chemical sciencesSurfaces Coatings and FilmsNanoporechemistrylcsh:TA1-2040human serum albuminAluminium oxidespectroscopic ellipsometry ; human serum albumin ; porous aluminium oxide ; optical biosensorslcsh:Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General)0210 nano-technologyBiosensorLayer (electronics)Nuclear chemistrymedicine.drugCoatings
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Self-assembled metal-oxide nanoparticles on GaAs: infrared absorption enabled by localized surface plasmons

2021

Abstract Metal-oxides hold promise as superior plasmonic materials in the mid-infrared compared to metals, although their integration over established material technologies still remains challenging. We demonstrate localized surface plasmons in self-assembled, hemispherical CdZnO metal-oxide nanoparticles on GaAs, as a route to enhance the absorption in mid-infrared photodetectors. In this system, two localized surface plasmon modes are identified at 5.3 and 2.7 μm, which yield an enhancement of the light intensity in the underlying GaAs. In the case of the long-wavelength mode the enhancement is as large as 100 near the interface, and persists at depths down to 50 nm. We show numerically t…

Materials sciencequantum wellQC1-999Infrared spectroscopy02 engineering and technologyMetal oxide nanoparticles01 natural sciencesSelf assembledmetal-oxide0103 physical sciencesElectrical and Electronic Engineeringintersubband transition010306 general physicsQuantum wellcdolocalized surface plasmonbusiness.industryPhysics021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter::Mesoscopic Systems and Quantum Hall EffectAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsOptoelectronics0210 nano-technologybusinessBiotechnologyLocalized surface plasmonNanophotonics
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Spectroscopic method to study low charge state ion and cold electron population in ECRIS plasma

2018

The results of optical emission spectroscopy experiments probing the cold electron population of a 14 GHz Electron Cyclotron Resonance Ion Source (ECRIS) are reported. The study has been conducted with a high resolution spectrometer and data acquisition setup developed specifically for the diagnostics of weak emission line characteristic to ECRIS plasmas. The optical emission lines of low charge state ions and neutral atoms of neon have been measured and analyzed with the line-ratio method. The aforementioned electron population temperature of the cold electron population (Te < 100 eV) is determined for Maxwell-Boltzmann and Druyvesteyn energy distributions to demonstrate the applicability …

Materials sciencespektroskopiachemistry.chemical_elementplasmafysiikka01 natural sciencesElectron cyclotron resonanceIonlow charge state ionNeonIonization0103 physical sciencesspectroscopic methodEmission spectrumcold electron populationInstrumentation010302 applied physicsta114010308 nuclear & particles physicssyklotronitPlasmaECRIS plasmaIon sourcechemistryPlasma diagnosticsAtomic physicsReview of Scientific Instruments
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Microwave photoassisted dissipation and supercurrent of a phase-biased graphene-superconductor ring

2021

Irradiating normal-superconducting junctions with microwave photons produce spectacular effects, such as Shapiro steps and photoinduced modifications of the dc supercurrent. Moreover, microwave irradiation can also have other, hitherto unexplored consequences, such as a photoassisted dissipation which is phase dependent. Here we present a finite-frequency measurement of both the dissipation and the supercurrent of a phase-biased graphene-superconductor junction in response to microwave photons. We find that, while the supercurrent response is well described by existing theory, the dissipation exhibits unexpected effects which need new theoretical elucidation. Especially with high frequency …

Materials sciencesuprajohtavuusPhysics::Optics02 engineering and technologyRing (chemistry)01 natural sciencessuprajohteetsähkömagneettinen säteilylaw.inventionmikroaallotResonatorlawCondensed Matter::SuperconductivityPhase (matter)0103 physical sciencesgrafeeni010306 general physicsComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS[PHYS.COND.CM-MSQHE]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Mesoscopic Systems and Quantum Hall Effect [cond-mat.mes-hall]Superconductivityfotonitbusiness.industryGrapheneSupercurrentDissipationCondensed Matter::Mesoscopic Systems and Quantum Hall EffectPhysics::Classical Physics021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyComputer Science::OtherOptoelectronics0210 nano-technologybusinessMicrowavePhysical Review Research
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Microscopic structural and dynamic features in triphilic room temperature ionic liquids

2019

Here we report a thorough investigation of the microscopic and mesoscopic structural organization in a series of triphilic fluorinated room temperature ionic liquids, namely [1-alkyl, 3-methylimidazolium][(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)(nonafluorobutylsulfonyl)imide], with alkyl=ethyl, butyl, octyl ([C(n)mim][IM14], n = 2, 4, 8), based on the synergic exploitation of X-ray and Neutron Scattering and Molecular Dynamics simulations. This study reveals the strong complementarity between X-ray/neutron scattering in detecting the complex segregated morphology in these systems at mesoscopic spatial scales. The use of MD simulations delivering a very good agreement with experimental data allows us to g…

Materials sciencetriphilicfluorousamphiphile02 engineering and technologyNeutron scattering010402 general chemistry01 natural scienceslcsh:Chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundMolecular dynamicsneutronSettore CHIM/02mesoscopicmolecular dynamics (MD)ImideAlkylOriginal Researchionic liquidchemistry.chemical_classificationMesoscopic physicsStructural organizationfluorous tailRelaxation (NMR)neutron scatteringGeneral Chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology0104 chemical sciencesChemistryFluorous tail; Ionic Liquid; Molecular dynamics (MD); Neutron scattering; Triphiliclcsh:QD1-999chemistryx-rayChemical physicsOthersIonic liquid0210 nano-technology
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Maternal coping strategies in response to a child's chronic and oncological disease: a cross-cultural study in Italy and Portugal

2013

A child's oncological or chronic disease is a stressful situation for parents. This stress may make it difficult for appropriate management strategies aimed at promoting the child's wellbeing and helping him or her cope with a disease to be adopted. In particular, this study focuses on the possible connections between the variable national cultural influences and the parental strategies used to cope with a child's severe disease by comparing the experiences of Italian and Portuguese mothers. The study investigates differences and cross-cultural elements among the coping strategies used by Italian and Portuguese mothers of children with oncological or chronic disease. Two groups of mothers t…

Maternal copingmedicine.medical_specialtyPediatricsAlternative medicinelcsh:MedicineSevere diseaseoncological diseaseDiseasePediatricsChronic diseaseArticleemotional distressmaternal coping; chronic disease; oncological disease; emotional distressEmotional distressmedicineCross-culturalmaternal copingCultural influencematernal coping chronic disease oncological disease emotional distressbusiness.industrylcsh:Rlcsh:RJ1-570lcsh:Pediatricslanguage.human_languageChronic diseaselanguagePortuguesebusinesschronic diseaseClinical psychology
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