Search results for "CREATINE"
showing 10 items of 213 documents
l-Carnitine l-tartrate supplementation favorably affects biochemical markers of recovery from physical exertion in middle-aged men and women.
2009
The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of Carnipure tartrate (Lonza, Allendale, NJ) supplementation (total dose of 2 g/d of l-carnitine) on markers of performance and recovery from physical exertion in middle-aged men and women. Normally active and healthy men (n = 9, 45.4 +/- 5.3 years old) and women (n = 9, 51.9 +/- 5.0 years old) volunteered to participate in the investigation. Double-blind, placebo, balanced treatment presentation and crossover design were used with 3 weeks and 3 days of supplementation followed by a 1-week washout period before the other counterbalanced treatment was initiated. After 3 weeks of each supplementation protocol, each participant then performe…
Effects of Creatine Supplementation on Brain Function and Health
2022
While the vast majority of research involving creatine supplementation has focused on skeletal muscle, there is a small body of accumulating research which has focused on creatine and the brain. Preliminary studies indicate that creatine supplementation (and guanidinoacetic acid; GAA) has the ability to increase brain creatine content in humans. Further, creatine has shown some promise for attenuating symptoms of concussion, mild traumatic brain injury and depression but its effect on neurodegenerative diseases appears lacking. The purpose of this narrative review is to summarize the current body of research pertaining to creatine supplementation on total creatine and phophorylcreatine cont…
Improving Brain Creatine Uptake by Klotho Protein Stimulation: Can Diet Hit the Big Time?
2021
Creatine plays a pivotal role in cellular bioenergetics, acting as a temporal and spatial energy buffer in cells with high and fluctuating energy requirements (1). Jeopardizing delicate creatine homeostasis can be detrimental to many energy-demanding tissues, including the brain. For instance, cerebral creatine hypometabolism accompanies various neurological conditions, including a number of developmental disorders (2, 3), neurodegenerative and cerebrovascular diseases (4, 5), and brain cancer (6). A reduced creatine availability in the brain has been thus recognized as an apposite therapeutic target, and supplying exogenous creatine to compensate for a disease-driven shortfall emerged as a…
Regional cerebral blood flow and regional metabolism in cold induced oedema.
1973
24 hours following a cold induced oedema in cats rCBF was measured in the lesion area, the bluish stained cortex immediately adjacent to the lesion, a cortical area remote from the lesion, and in the contralateral uninjured hemisphere. Thereafter the brain was frozen and the respective tissue areas were removed and analyzed for water and electrolyte content as well as metabolite concentrations. It seems, that in the neighbourhood of a local lesion at least 3 different brain regions can be differentiated with regard to their characteristic pattern of data. In non-oedematous regions either hyperaemia or hypoaemia could be observed. In areas with local brain oedema rCBF was reduced inversely p…
G.P.192
2014
After uneventful pregnancies, two newborn siblings, a girl and a boy – another sibling was stillborn – developed inspiratory stridor, hypertrophy of the right cardiac ventricle, reduction in spontaneous movements and mildly elevated creatine kinase. Muscle biopsies at ages of three months and seven weeks were performed and respectively, revealed a 'prepathological' pattern of infantile neurogenic atrophy suggesting spinal muscular atrophy (SMA). However, molecular analyses of SMN (SMA) and IGHMBP2 (SMARD1) genes did not disclose any mutations. Further histochemical staining of the skeletal muscle and heart demonstrated almost complete absence of cytochrome c oxidase while SDH was preserved.…
Control of oxidative metabolism in volume-overloaded rat hearts: effects of different lipid substrates.
1994
The relationship between intracellular energy parameters and myocardial O2 consumption (VO2) was studied in control and volume-overloaded hearts perfused with different lipid substrates and over a range of left ventricular work loads. In control hearts, a unique linear relationship between log of cytosolic [ATP]/[ADPf].[Pi] (where [ADPf] is concentration of free ADP) and myocardial VO2 was observed between low and high work loads for both fatty acids studied. In volume-overloaded hearts perfused in the presence of exogenous palmitate, the slope of the relationship between log [ATP]/[ADPf].[Pi] and myocardial VO2 was considerably depressed. It would seem that, under these conditions, much o…
Cardioprotective effects of the serine protease inhibitor aprotinin after regional ischemia and reperfusion on the beating heart.
2002
AbstractObjective: Early coronary reperfusion of the ischemic myocardium is a desired therapeutic goal to preserve myocardium. However, reperfusion itself contributes to an additional myocardial injury (ie, reperfusion injury), which has been attributed to neutrophil infiltration with subsequent release of proteases and oxygen-derived radicals. We studied the effects of the serine protease inhibitor aprotinin (Trasylol) on myocardial ischemia and reperfusion in a rat model. Methods: The effects of aprotinin (5000 and 20,000 U/kg) were examined in vivo in a rat model of regional myocardial ischemia (20 minutes) and long-term reperfusion (24 hours). Cardioprotecive effects were determined by …
Patterns and diagnostic value of cardiac troponin I vs. troponin T and CKMB after OPCAB surgery.
2001
Cardiac troponin I (cTnI) has been shown to be a specific marker for myocardial injury in cardiac surgery. The object of this prospective study was to determine the patterns and kinetic and diagnostic value of cTnI, cardiac troponin T (cTnT), and creatine kinase MB (CKMB) activity after minimally invasive coronary revascularization using an octopus device on the beating heart (OPCAB).48 patients (33 male/15 female, mean age 68.3 +/- 8.7 years) underwent their first elective OPCAB surgery with median sternotomy without mortality. The mean number of grafts was 2.0 +/- 0.8 per patient. Preoperative mean ejection fraction was 56.6 % +/- 14.9%. CTnI and T levels, total creatine kinase (CK) and C…
Preferential Type II Muscle Fiber Damage From Plyometric Exercise
2012
Context: Plyometric training has been successfully used in different sporting contexts. Studies that investigated the effect of plyometric training on muscle morphology are limited, and results are controversial with regard to which muscle fiber type is mainly affected. Objective: To analyze the skeletal muscle structural and ultrastructural change induced by an acute bout of plyometric exercise to determine which type of muscle fibers is predominantly damaged. Design: Descriptive laboratory study. Setting: Research laboratory. Patients or Other Participants: Eight healthy, untrained individuals (age = 22 ± 1 years, height = 179.2 ± 6.4 cm, weight = 78.9 ± 5.9 kg). Intervention(s): Partici…