Search results for "Calculated using CO2SYS"

showing 7 items of 17 documents

Seaweed fails to prevent ocean acidification impact on foraminifera along a shallow-water CO2 gradient

2015

Ocean acidification causes biodiversity loss, alters ecosystems, and may impact food security, as shells of small organisms dissolve easily in corrosive waters. There is a suggestion that photosynthetic organisms could mitigate ocean acidification on a local scale, through seagrass protection or seaweed cultivation, as net ecosystem organic production raises the saturation state of calcium carbonate making seawater less corrosive. Here, we used a natural gradient in calcium carbonate saturation, caused by shallow-water CO2 seeps in the Mediterranean Sea, to assess whether seaweed that is resistant to acidification (Padina pavonica) could prevent adverse effects of acidification on epiphytic…

Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre (OA-ICC)TemperateIdentificationSalinityCommunity composition and diversityTriloculinella dilatatainorganicAlkalinityElphidium spMiliolinella sp.Miliolinella subrotundaQuinqueloculina sp.Daitrona spTemperature waterCarbon inorganic dissolvedCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al 2010Adelosina longirostraPercentageAragonite saturation stateMiliolinella spRosalina globularisAlkalinity totaltotalElphidium sp.Elphidium crispumCO2 ventElphidium advenumpHTemperaturedissolvedPseudotriloculina spCarbonate ionPartial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)Rosalina spQuinqueloculina annectensEarth System ResearchHaynesina depressulaField observationElphidium margaritaceumPotentiometric titrationCalcite saturation statePotentiometricwaterMassilina gualtierianaRocky-shore communitySpiroloculina ornataQuinqueloculina auberianaBenthosDaitrona sp.Pileolina patelliformisOcean Acidification International Coordination Centre OA ICCMediterranean SeaBicarbonate ionCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)SpeciesVertebralina striataAffinetrina gualtierianaElphidium macellumCalculated using CO2SYSIndividualsCarbonate system computation flagFugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)Rosalina sp.CarbonBiomass/Abundance/Elemental compositionBolivina pseudoplicataPartial pressure of carbon dioxide water at sea surface temperature wet airCarbon dioxideQuinqueloculina stelligeraQuinqueloculina spPeneroplis pertususRocky shore communityEntire communityPeneroplis planatusFugacity of carbon dioxide water at sea surface temperature wet airCornuspira involvensBiomass Abundance Elemental compositionCoast and continental shelfLobatula lobatulaQuinqueloculina boscianaPseudotriloculina sp.
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Seawater carbonate chemistry and somatic and otolith growth relationship of Symphodus ocellatus

2019

Ocean acidification (OA) may have varied effects on fish eco-physiological responses. Most OA studies have been carried out in laboratory conditions without considering the in situ pCO2/pH variability documented for many marine coastal ecosystems. Using a standard otolith ageing technique, we assessed how in situ ocean acidification (ambient, versus end-of-century CO2 levels) can affect somatic and otolith growth, and their relationship in a coastal fish. Somatic and otolith growth rates of juveniles of the ocellated wrasse Symphodus ocellatus living off a Mediterranean CO2 seep increased at the high-pCO2 site. Also, we detected that slower-growing individuals living at ambient pCO2 levels …

Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre (OA-ICC)TemperateRegistration number of speciesIdentificationSalinityinorganicAlkalinityExperimentTemperature waterCarbon inorganic dissolvedCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al 2010Aragonite saturation stateChordataAlkalinity totaltotalCO2 ventTime in dayspHPelagosSymphodus ocellatusTemperaturedissolvedLength totalCarbonate ionPartial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)Temperature water standard deviationEarth System Researchstandard deviationField observationUniform resource locator link to referencePotentiometric titrationCalcite saturation stateLengthPotentiometricwaterPartial pressure of carbon dioxideSiteGrowth MorphologyAgeUniform resource locator/link to referenceSalinity standard deviationOcean Acidification International Coordination Centre OA ICCMediterranean SeaAnimaliaTypeSampling dateBicarbonate ionNektonCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)SpeciesCalculated using CO2SYSPartial pressure of carbon dioxide standard deviationCarbonate system computation flagpH standard deviationFugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)CarbonPartial pressure of carbon dioxide water at sea surface temperature wet airCarbon dioxideGrowth/MorphologySingle speciesFugacity of carbon dioxide water at sea surface temperature wet airsense organs
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Individual and population-level responses to ocean acidification

2016

Ocean acidification is predicted to have detrimental effects on many marine organisms and ecological processes. Despite growing evidence for direct impacts on specific species, few studies have simultaneously considered the effects of ocean acidification on individuals (e.g. consequences for energy budgets and resource partitioning) and population level demographic processes. Here we show that ocean acidification increases energetic demands on gastropods resulting in altered energy allocation, i.e. reduced shell size but increased body mass. When scaled up to the population level, long-term exposure to ocean acidification altered population demography, with evidence of a reduction in the pr…

Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre (OA-ICC)TemperateRegistration number of speciesSalinityinorganicBottles or small containers/Aquaria (<20 L)AlkalinityExperimentTemperature waterCarbon inorganic dissolvedCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al 2010Aragonite saturation stateRespiration rate oxygenBottles or small containers Aquaria 20 LAlkalinity totalSalinity standard errortotalCO2 ventpHRespirationTemperaturedissolvedCarbonate ionPartial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)Field experimentstandard errorCarbon inorganic dissolved standard errorRespiration rateEarth System ResearchSexUniform resource locator link to referencePotentiometric titrationCalcite saturation stateDry masswaterSiteHexaplex trunculusBenthosAlkalinity total standard errorUniform resource locator/link to referenceOcean Acidification International Coordination Centre OA ICCMediterranean SeaAnimaliaTypeBicarbonate ionTemperature water standard errorCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)SpeciesWet massBottles or small containers/Aquaria (&lt;20 L)Calculated using CO2SYSCarbonate system computation flagFugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)CarbonBiomass/Abundance/Elemental compositionTreatmentPartial pressure of carbon dioxide water at sea surface temperature wet airCarbon dioxideMolluscaSingle speciesFugacity of carbon dioxide water at sea surface temperature wet airBenthic animalsBiomass Abundance Elemental compositionCoast and continental shelfoxygen
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Seawater carbonate chemistry and fish communities properties off CO2 seeps in Japan

2020

Ocean acidification will likely change the structure and function of coastal marine ecosystems over coming decades. Volcanic carbon dioxide seeps generate dissolved CO2 and pH gradients that provide realistic insights into the direction and magnitude of these changes. Here, we used fish and benthic community surveys to assess the spatio-temporal dynamics of fish community properties off CO2 seeps in Japan. Adding to previous evidence from ocean acidification ecosystem studies conducted elsewhere, our findings documented shifts from calcified to non-calcified habitats with reduced benthic complexity. In addition, we found that such habitat transition led to decreased diversity of associated …

Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre (OA-ICC)TemperateSalinityCanopy heightCommunity composition and diversityCoverage standard deviationinorganicAlkalinityExperimentTemperature waterCarbon inorganic dissolvedCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al 2010Aragonite saturation stateNorth PacificAlkalinity totaltotalCO2 ventReplicatespHPelagosTemperaturedissolvedCanopy height standard deviationCarbonate ionPartial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)Fish standard deviationTemperature water standard deviationEarth System Researchstandard deviationField observationgeographic locationsPotentiometric titrationCoverageCalcite saturation stateLocationPotentiometricwaterPartial pressure of carbon dioxideSiteRocky-shore communityBenthosSpecies richness standard deviationSalinity standard deviationOcean Acidification International Coordination Centre OA ICCBiotic Habitat Profile ratioTypeBicarbonate ionCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)Calculated using CO2SYSfungiPartial pressure of carbon dioxide standard deviationCarbonate system computation flagpH standard deviationFugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)CarbonPartial pressure of carbon dioxide water at sea surface temperature wet airFishTransectCarbon dioxideRocky shore communityEntire communityBiotic Habitat Profile ratio standard deviationFugacity of carbon dioxide water at sea surface temperature wet airSeasonCoast and continental shelfSpecies richness
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Macroalgal responses to ocean acidification depend on nutrient and light levels

2015

Ocean acidification may benefit algae that are able to capitalize on increased carbon availability for photosynthesis, but it is expected to have adverse effects on calcified algae through dissolution. Shifts in dominance between primary producers will have knock-on effects on marine ecosystems and will likely vary regionally, depending on factors such as irradiance (light vs. shade) and nutrient levels (oligotrophic vs. eutrophic). Thus experiments are needed to evaluate interactive effects of combined stressors in the field. In this study, we investigated the physiological responses of macroalgae near a CO2 seep in oligotrophic waters off Vulcano (Italy). The algae were incubated in situ …

Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre (OA-ICC)TemperateSalinityChlorophyll aFucoxanthininorganicAlkalinityPhotosynthetic efficiency standard errorChlorophyll cNitrogen content per dry mass standard errorLight saturation point standard errorPhenolics allTemperature waterCarbon inorganic dissolvedMacroalgaeCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al 2010Carbon Nitrogen ratioAragonite saturation stateAlkalinity totalallCarbon per dry massSalinity standard errortotalCarbon content per dry mass standard errorPhenolics all standard errorCO2 ventChromistapHMaximum photochemical quantum yield of photosystem II standard errorTemperaturePartial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air) standard errordissolvedAntioxidant activity standard errorCarbonate ionMaximum photochemical quantum yield of photosystem IIPartial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)Field experimentstandard errorNitrogen content per dry massElectron transport rate standard errorFucoxanthin standard errorEarth System ResearchViolaxanthinPhenolicsChlorophyll a standard errorCarbon dioxide standard errorPotentiometric titrationCalcite saturation stateCarbon/Nitrogen ratio standard errorNitrogenOchrophytaPotentiometricper dry masswaterChlorophyll c standard errorBenthosAlkalinity total standard errorAntioxidant activityElectron transport rateLight saturation pointOcean Acidification International Coordination Centre OA ICCMacro-nutrientsMediterranean SeaNitrogen per dry massBicarbonate ionTemperature water standard errorCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)Primary production PhotosynthesisSpeciespH standard errorCalcite saturation state standard errorCystoseira compressaCalculated using CO2SYSNon photochemical quenchingCarbon content per dry massCarbonate system computation flagViolaxanthin standard errorPrimary production/PhotosynthesisFugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)CarbonCarbon/Nitrogen ratioBiomass/Abundance/Elemental compositionTreatmentPartial pressure of carbon dioxide water at sea surface temperature wet airAragonite saturation state standard errorCarbon dioxideMacro nutrientsCarbonate ion standard errorSingle speciesFugacity of carbon dioxide water at sea surface temperature wet airPadina pavonicaBiomass Abundance Elemental compositionCoast and continental shelfPhotosynthetic efficiencyBicarbonate ion standard errorNon photochemical quenching standard error
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Decline in Coccolithophore Diversity and Impact on Coccolith Morphogenesis Along a Natural CO2 Gradient

2014

A natural pH gradient caused by marine CO2 seeps off Vulcano Island (Italy) was used to assess the effects of ocean acidification on coccolithophores, which are abundant planktonic unicellular calcifiers. Such seeps are used as natural laboratories to study the effects of ocean acidification on marine ecosystems, since they cause long-term changes in seawater carbonate chemistry and pH, exposing the organisms to elevated CO2 concentrations and therefore mimicking future scenarios. Previous work at CO2 seeps has focused exclusively on benthic organisms. Here we show progressive depletion of 27 coccolithophore species, in terms of cell concentrations and diversity, along a calcite saturation …

Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre (OA-ICC)TemperateSalinityCommunity composition and diversityinorganicAlkalinityCoccospheres malformedMediterranean Sea Acidification in a Changing Climate MedSeATemperature waterCarbon inorganic dissolvedCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al 2010Aragonite saturation stateAlkalinity totaltotalCO2 ventpHPelagosTemperaturedissolvedCarbonate ionPartial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)Earth System ResearchmalformedField observationPotentiometric titrationCalcite saturation stateCoccospheresPotentiometricwaterGrowth MorphologyMediterranean Sea Acidification in a Changing Climate (MedSeA)Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre OA ICCMediterranean SeaBicarbonate ionCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)Calculated using CO2SYSfungiCarbonate system computation flagCoccospheres corrodedFugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)CarbonBiomass/Abundance/Elemental compositionPartial pressure of carbon dioxide water at sea surface temperature wet airSample IDCarbon dioxidecorrodedEntire communityGrowth/MorphologyPhytoplanktonFugacity of carbon dioxide water at sea surface temperature wet airBiomass Abundance Elemental compositionCoast and continental shelfNumber of species
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Shallow water marine sediment bacterial community shifts along a natural CO2 gradient in the Mediterranean Sea Off vulcano, Italy

2014

The effects of increasing atmospheric CO(2) on ocean ecosystems are a major environmental concern, as rapid shoaling of the carbonate saturation horizon is exposing vast areas of marine sediments to corrosive waters worldwide. Natural CO(2) gradients off Vulcano, Italy, have revealed profound ecosystem changes along rocky shore habitats as carbonate saturation levels decrease, but no investigations have yet been made of the sedimentary habitat. Here, we sampled the upper 2 cm of volcanic sand in three zones, ambient (median pCO(2) 419 µatm, minimum Omega (arag) 3.77), moderately CO(2)-enriched (median pCO(2) 592 µatm, minimum Omega (arag) 2.96), and highly CO(2)-enriched (median pCO(2) 1611…

Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre (OA-ICC)TemperateSalinityPotentiometric titrationCalcite saturation stateCommunity composition and diversityPotentiometricinorganicwaterAlkalinitySiteFigureBenthosTemperature waterCarbon inorganic dissolvedAbundanceCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al 2010Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre OA ICCMediterranean SeaBicarbonate ionAragonite saturation stateSoft-bottom communityAlkalinity totalLONGITUDEtotalCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)CO2 ventSpeciesShannon Diversity IndexpHCalculated using CO2SYSTemperatureCarbonate system computation flagdissolvedFugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)Carbonate ionCarbonPartial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)Partial pressure of carbon dioxide water at sea surface temperature wet airCarbon dioxideSoft bottom communityEntire communityEarth System ResearchLATITUDEFugacity of carbon dioxide water at sea surface temperature wet airGroupCoast and continental shelfField observationClass
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