Search results for "Carboxy-lyases"
showing 10 items of 27 documents
C 4 -Dicarboxylate Utilization in Aerobic and Anaerobic Growth
2016
C 4 -dicarboxylates and the C 4 -dicarboxylic amino acid l -aspartate support aerobic and anaerobic growth of Escherichia coli and related bacteria. In aerobic growth, succinate, fumarate, D - and L -malate, L -aspartate, and L -tartrate are metabolized by the citric acid cycle and associated reactions. Because of the interruption of the citric acid cycle under anaerobic conditions, anaerobic metabolism of C 4 -dicarboxylates depends on fumarate reduction to succinate (fumarate respiration). In some related bacteria (e.g., Klebsiella ), utilization of C 4 -dicarboxylates, such as tartrate, is independent of fumarate respiration and uses a Na + -dependent membrane-bound oxaloacetate decarbo…
Mimiviruses and the Human Interferon System: Viral Evasion of Classical Antiviral Activities, But Inhibition By a Novel Interferon-β Regulated Immuno…
2017
International audience; In this review we discuss the role of mimiviruses as potential human pathogens focusing on clinical and evolutionary evidence. We also propose a novel antiviral immunomodulatory pathway controlled by interferon-beta (IFN-beta) and mediated by immune-responsive gene 1 (IRG1) and itaconic acid, its product. Acanthamoeba polyphaga Mimivirus (APMV) was isolated from amoebae in a hospital while investigating a pneumonia outbreak. Mimivirus ubiquity and role as protist pathogens are well understood, and its putative status as a human pathogen has been gaining strength as more evidence is being found. The study of APMV and human cells interaction revealed that the virus is …
Brain histamine and behavioral neuroscience
2017
ABSTRACT NON PREVISTO DALLA PUBBLICAZIONE
Expression of the pea S -adenosylmethionine decarboxylase gene is involved in developmental and environmental responses
2002
A cDNA, able to complement the S-adenosyl-L-methionine decarboxylase (SAMdC; EC 4.1.1.50)-defective yeast strain Y342, has been isolated from pea (Pisum sativum L.). Expression of the SAMdC gene was characterised during pea development. Northern analysis showed a differential expression of the pea SAMdC gene in vegetative and reproductive tissues. The highest SAMdC mRNA levels were found in undifferentiated callus and tissues with high rates of cell division, and at the onset of fruit development. SAMdC expression was also induced in senescing ovaries, probably in relation to an accumulation of spermine during ovary senescence. Finally, the levels of SAMdC transcripts in leaves and shoots w…
The proteome and transcriptome analysis ofBacillus subtilis in response to salicylic acid
2007
Phenolic acids that are present in plant-soil ecosystems can be considered as toxins which induce specific stress responses in microorganisms. In this paper, we have analyzed the global response of the soil bacterium Bacillus subtilis to salicylic acid using proteomics and transcriptomics. The results demonstrate that salicylic acid caused predominantly the induction of the SigmaB-dependent general stress response in B. subtilis which is not related to the acidic conditions. Treatment of B. subtilis with growth-inhibitory concentrations of 4 mM salicylic acid caused protein damage in B. subtilis as reflected by the induction of the CtsR and Spx regulons. Both phenolic acid decarboxylases (p…
Phenolic Acid-Mediated Regulation of the padC Gene, Encoding the Phenolic Acid Decarboxylase of Bacillus subtilis
2008
ABSTRACT In Bacillus subtilis , several phenolic acids specifically induce expression of padC , encoding a phenolic acid decarboxylase that converts these antimicrobial compounds into vinyl derivatives. padC forms an operon with a putative coding sequence of unknown function, yveFG , and this coding sequence does not appear to be involved in the phenolic acid stress response (PASR). To identify putative regulators involved in the PASR, random transposon mutagenesis, combined with two different screens, was performed. PadR, a negative transcriptional regulator of padC expression, was identified. padR is not located in the vicinity of padC , and the expression of padR is low and appears const…
Expression in Escherichia coli of Native and Chimeric Phenolic Acid Decarboxylases with Modified Enzymatic Activities and Method for Screening Recomb…
2001
ABSTRACT Four bacterial phenolic acid decarboxylases (PAD) from Lactobacillus plantarum , Pediococcus pentosaceus , Bacillus subtilis , and Bacillus pumilus were expressed in Escherichia coli , and their activities on p -coumaric, ferulic, and caffeic acids were compared. Although these four enzymes displayed 61% amino acid sequence identity, they exhibit different activities for ferulic and caffeic acid metabolism. To elucidate the domain(s) that determines these differences, chimeric PAD proteins were constructed and expressed in E. coli by exchanging their individual carboxy-terminal portions. Analysis of the chimeric enzyme activities suggests that the C-terminal region may be involved …
Knockout of thep-Coumarate Decarboxylase Gene fromLactobacillus plantarumReveals the Existence of Two Other Inducible Enzymatic Activities Involved i…
2000
ABSTRACTLactobacillus plantarumNC8 contains apdcgene coding forp-coumaric acid decarboxylase activity (PDC). A food grade mutant, designated LPD1, in which the chromosomalpdcgene was replaced with the deletedpdcgene copy, was obtained by a two-step homologous recombination process using an unstable replicative vector. The LPD1 mutant strain remained able to weakly metabolizep-coumaric and ferulic acids into vinyl derivatives or into substituted phenyl propionic acids. We have shown thatL. plantarumhas a second acid phenol decarboxylase enzyme, better induced with ferulic acid than withp-coumaric acid, which also displays inducible acid phenol reductase activity that is mostly active when gl…
Kinetics and Intensity of the Expression of Genes Involved in the Stress Response Tightly Induced by Phenolic Acids in <i>Lactobacillus plantar…
2007
In <i>Lactobacillus plantarum</i>, PadR, the negative transcriptional regulator of <i>padA </i>encoding the phenolic acid decarboxylase, is divergently oriented from <i>padA. </i>Moreover, it forms an operonic structure with <i>usp1,</i> a genewhose products display homology with proteins belonging to the UspA family of universal stress proteins. PadR is inactivated by the addition of <i>p-</i>coumaric, ferulic or caffeic acid to the culture medium. In order to better characterize the stress response of this bacterium to phenolic acids, we report here the kinetics and quantitative expression by qRT-PCR of the 3 genes from the <i…
Regulation of the acetaldehyde concentration in culture medium during the fermentation of glucose by Saccharomyces cerevisiae
1970
Die Konzentration an Acetaldehyd im Medium wahrend der anaeroben Vergarung von Glucose durch Saccharomyces cerevisiae weist in der logarithmischen Wachstumsphase die hochsten Werte auf. Die Induktion der Pyruvatdecarboxylase durch Glucose fordert die Akkumulation von Acetaldehyd, der ins Medium diffundiert. Hefestamme, die unterschiedlich viel Acetaldehyd bilden, unterscheiden sich in ihren Pyruvatdecarboxylaseaktivitaten. Diese engen Beziehungen zwischen Pyruvatdecarboxylase und Acetaldehydproduktion deuten auf die Kontrollfunktion der Pyruvatdecarboxylase bei der Acetaldehydakkumulation hin. Hohere Aktivitaten der Alkoholdehydrogenase verringern die Acetaldehydakkumulation, wodurch sich e…