Search results for "Cardial"
showing 10 items of 1384 documents
Cyclic AMP and cyclic GMP may play opposing roles in influencing force of contraction in mammalian myocardium.
1976
CYCLIC AMP and cyclic GMP have been suggested to play opposing regulatory roles in several biological systems1. Supporting evidence for the yin yang hypothesis of opposing biological regulation has been obtained in sympathetic ganglia2,3 and pyramidal neurones in the rat cerebral cortex4. In the mammalian heart, the role of cyclic AMP in mediating the positive inotropic response to catecholamines was advanced by the observation that the inotropic effect was preceded by an increase in cyclic AMP levels5. On the other hand, the levels of cyclic GMP were found to be increased after cholinergic stimulation6. In frog, oscillations of cyclic AMP7 and cyclic changes in the levels of cyclic AMP and…
Electrical and mechanical activity of mammalian heart muscle fibres treated with papaverine
1977
The action of papaverine on electrical and mechanical activity was investigated in ventricular and atrial heart muscle fibres from guinea-pigs and cats. 1. Papaverine (10−5 M–5×10−5M) had positive, negative or no inotropic effects in ventricular preparations; positive inotropic effects were not observed after pretreatment of the animals with reserpine. In atrial preparations, papaverine (2×10−5M) had a positive inotropic effect that was independent of endogenously stored catecholamines. 2. The effects of isoprenaline and dibutyryl cyclic AMP were potentiated by papaverine (10−5 M–2×10−5M). 3. The action potential duration was always prolonged by papaverine in ventricular as well as in atria…
Does cyclic GMP mediate the negative inotropic effect of acetylcholine in the heart?
1977
DURING vagal stimulation the pacemaker activity of the heart is diminished. The reduction in heart rate is due to a release of acetylcholine (ACh) from the parasympathetic nerve terminals that increases the permeability of the myocardial cell membrane for potassium ions (for review see ref. 1). This is accompanied by a shortening of the action potential duration in atrial muscle and a diminished calcium uptake2, which in turn results in a negative inotropic effect. Voltage clamp experiments in mammalian atrial muscle have shown that with higher concentrations of ACh not only is the potassium current augmented but also the slow inward current of calcium is reduced3. It is not clear how the c…
Release of choline in the isolated heart, an indicator of ischemic phospholipid degradation and its protection by ischemic preconditioning: No eviden…
2003
Abstract The release of choline as a water-soluble product of phospholipid hydrolysis was measured in the perfusate of rat hearts to monitor ischemic membrane degradation and its protection by ischemic preconditioning (IPC). Hearts were subjected to global ischemia (GI; 30 min of no-flow) followed by 60 min of reperfusion. To induce IPC, GI was preceded by four no-flow episodes of 5 min each. Deleterious consequences of GI and reperfusion, namely coronary flow reduction, incidence of arrhythmias and release of cardiac troponin T, were significantly attenuated by IPC. The release of choline increased during reperfusion in a biphasic manner: a first phase peaked immediately after GI and was f…
Prostaglandin A2 (PGA2) increases the coronary vascular resistance in the guinea-pig isolated heart preparation.
1977
Prostaglandin A2 (PGA2) in concentrations of 1.5·10−8 to 3·10−6 M was found to produce concentration-dependent increase in the coronary vascular resistance of the guinea-pig isolated heart without alterations in myocardial contractile force and oxygen consumption.
Biochemical biomarkers alterations in Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)
2020
Abstract Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a respiratory disease, which can evolve into multi-organ failure (MOF), leading to death. Several biochemical alterations have been described in COVID-19 patients. To date, many biomarkers reflecting the main pathophysiological characteristics of the disease have been identified and associated with the risk of developing severe disease. Lymphopenia represents the hallmark of the disease, and it can be detected since the early stage of infection. Increased levels of several inflammatory biomarkers, including c-reactive protein, have been found in COVID-19 patients and associ…
Early and midterm outcomes of bioresorbable vascular scaffolds for ostial coronary lesions: insights from the GHOST-EU registry.
2016
Aims: We aimed to investigate the outcomes of bioresorbable vascular scaffolds (BVS) in coronary ostial lesions. Ostial lesions represent a challenging angiographic subset, with higher event rates compared with non-ostial lesions. BVS might be associated with advantages over the long term, but their safety in this setting remains to be explored. Methods and results: Procedural and 12-month follow-up data from consecutive patients treated with BVS for lesions located at the ostium of the right (RCA), left anterior (LAD) or circumflex (LCX) coronary in 11 European centres were collected. The primary device-oriented endpoint was defined as a combination of cardiovascular death, target vessel m…
Plasma HDL cholesterol and risk of myocardial infarction: a mendelian randomisation study
2012
BACKGROUND: High plasma HDL cholesterol is associated with reduced risk of myocardial infarction, but whether this association is causal is unclear. Exploiting the fact that genotypes are randomly assigned at meiosis, are independent of non-genetic confounding, and are unmodified by disease processes, mendelian randomisation can be used to test the hypothesis that the association of a plasma biomarker with disease is causal. METHODS: We performed two mendelian randomisation analyses. First, we used as an instrument a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the endothelial lipase gene (LIPG Asn396Ser) and tested this SNP in 20 studies (20,913 myocardial infarction cases, 95,407 controls). Se…
Left bundle branch block and myocardial infarction, a diagnosis not always easy: Our experience and review of literature
2012
The occurrence of left bundle branch block (LBBB) is quite common in clinical practice. The changes in cardiac repolarization, caused by this disorder of electric conduction, may mask the presence of an acute myocardial infarction (AMI), delaying the diagnostic-therapeutic iter, with an important impact on prognosis. We describe the case of a woman of 59 years with LBBB, came to our observation for a constrictive chest pain associated with dyspnea. The diagnostic workup for suspected acute coronary syndrome (ACS), initially conducted only on the analysis of the electrocardiogram (negative TnI at entry), showed the presence of coronary arteries free of stenosis. However, the diagnostic confi…
Predictors of leptin concentration and association with cardiovascular risk in patients with coronary artery disease: results from the AtheroGene stu…
2016
AbstractContext: Leptin is produced in white adipose tissue, but also in human coronary atherosclerotic lesions.Objective: The aim of this study is to assess the prognostic value of leptin in patients with proven coronary artery disease (CAD) (N = 1907).Methods: AtheroGene is a contemporary CAD cohort study (N = 3229). Median follow-up time was 3.8 (Quartile 1/3 with 2.8/4.9) years.Results: Leptin concentration was associated with a hazard ratio (HR) for the fully adjusted model of HR = 1.32 in women but was not significant in men. The endpoint cardiovascular death and non-fatal myocardial infarction was observed in 167 patients.Conclusion: In women with known CAD, increased leptin concentr…