Search results for "Catalase"
showing 10 items of 165 documents
The influence of erdosteine administration on lead-induced oxidative stress in rat muscle.
2019
Lead-exposure is known to disrupt the redox balance of tissues leading to oxidative stress. Due to the fact that a mucolytic drug, erdosteine, exerts also antioxidant properties, we decided to perform a pilot study on rats to evaluate its therapeutic potency in lead poisoning. Male Wistar rats were divided randomly into the following seven groups having 10 animals in each. Group I served as the control group. During 8-week period, rats in groups II-IV, except standard alimentation, received: erdosteine in a dose 350 mg/kg (collateral control group), 1200 ppm of lead acetate in drinking water and placebo, as well as the same doses of lead and erdosteine, respectively. Rats in group V-VII rec…
Cellular damage to human hepatocytes through repeated application of 5-aminolevulinic acid.
2003
Abstract Background/Aims : 5-Aminolevulinic acid (ALA), a precursor of porphyrins is used for photodynamic diagnosis and therapy within topical or systemic applications. A potential toxic effect on the human liver is of major interest and therefore we investigated the impact of a repeated application of ALA without illumination on cultures of human hepatocytes. Methods : After ALA treatment of hepatocytes in vitro the porphyrin synthesis, albumin secretion, liver-specific enzyme release, and malondialdehyde levels were determined. In order to reduce levels of reactive oxygen substances, mannitol and the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase and catalase were supplemented. Results : Porph…
Limiting immunopathology: Interaction between carotenoids and enzymatic antioxidant defences.
2015
The release of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS and RNS) during the inflammatory response generates damages to host tissues, referred to as immunopathology, and is an important factor in ecological immunology. The integrated antioxidant system, comprising endogenous antioxidant enzymes (e.g. superoxide dismutase SOD, and catalase CAT) and dietary antioxidants (e.g. carotenoids), helps to cope with immune-mediated oxidative stress. Crustaceans store large amounts of dietary carotenoids for yet unclear reasons. While being immunostimulants and antioxidants, the interaction of these pigments with antioxidant enzymes remains unclear. Here, we tested the interaction between dietary supp…
Antioxidant potential of Himanthalia elongata for protection against ischemia-reperfusion injury in the small bowel
2016
Seaweed has been associated with the prevention and/or treatment of various diseases related to oxidative stress because of its antioxidant activity. We investigated the protective potential of extract of Himanthalia elongata against ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury in the intestine of rats.Seventy-two (72) male Wistar albino rats were randomly assigned into 12 groups as follows: sham, I/R only, I/R plus vehicle at 3 time points, and I/R plus extract at 3 time points. The degree of intestinal injury was determined by oxidative stress using lipid peroxidation, superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase after mesenteric ischemia-reperfusion. A histological study was also perf…
Expression of NO synthases and redox enzymes in umbilical arteries from newborns born small, appropriate, and large for gestational age.
2012
Modified expression of nitric oxide synthases (NOSs) and an imbalance between the pro-oxidative and the antioxidative system accompany endothelial dysfunction, the first stage of atherosclerosis. Humans born small (SGA) or large (LGA) for gestational age are at higher risk of developing atherosclerosis later in life than humans born appropriate for gestational age (AGA). We hypothesized that indicators of endothelial dysfunction could be detectable at birth. The purpose of this study was to find out whether the expression patterns of NO synthases (endothelial NOS (eNOS), inducible NOS (iNOS), and neuronal NOS (nNOS)), pro-oxidative enzymes (components of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide ph…
Effect of metal ion catalyzed oxidation of rifamycin SV on cell viability and metabolic performance of isolated rat hepatocytes.
1991
The effect of rifamycin SV on metabolic performance and cell viability was studied using isolated hepatocytes from fed, starved and glutathione (GSH) depleted rats. The relationships between GSH depletion, nutritional status of the cells, glucose metabolism, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) leakage and malondialdehyde (MDA) production in the presence of rifamycin SV and transition metal ions was investigated. Glucose metabolism was impaired in isolated hepatocytes from both fed and starved animals, the effect is dependent on the rifamycin SV concentration and is enhanced by copper (II). Oxygen consumption by isolated hepatocytes from starved rats was also increased by copper (II) and a partial i…
Different impacts of cardiovascular risk factors on oxidative stress.
2011
The objective of the study was to evaluate oxidative stress (OS) status in subjects with different cardiovascular risk factors. With this in mind, we have studied three models of high cardiovascular risk: hypertension (HT) with and without metabolic syndrome, familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) and familial combined hyperlipidemia (FCH) with and without insulin resistance. Oxidative stress markers (oxidized/reduced glutathione ratio, 8-oxo-deoxyguanosine and malondialdehide) together with the activity of antioxidant enzyme triad (superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase) and activation of both pro-oxidant enzyme (NAPDH oxidase components) and AGTR1 genes, as well as antioxidant…
Expression of liver peroxisomal proteins as compared to other organelle marker enzymes in rats treated with hypolipidemic agents.
1990
Abstract Peroxisome proliferation induced by 2 hypolipidemic agents (clofibrate and ciprofibrate) was studied in rats by complementary approaches, ie cell fractionation, electron microscopy, marker enzyme activities, immunoblotting and nucleic acid hybridization techniques. Administration of clofibrates for 2 and 52 weeks in doses of 500 ppm and 50 ppm respectively, or ciprofibrate for 2,28 and 52 weeks in doses of 250, 25 and 25 ppm respectively, did not alter the behavior of the peroxisomes after induction as shown by ultracentrifugation profiles. The peroxisome mass was increased as shown by the purification procedure. Specific enzymes (catalase and mostly cyanide insensitive palmitoyl C…
Chronic hydrogen peroxide intake and peroxide metabolizing enzyme activities in some tissues of mice and rats
1986
Chronic daily intake of 0.5% H2O2 in drinking water decreased Se-dependent glutathione peroxidase (Se-GSHPx) activity in rat skeletal muscle, kidney and liver. Non-Se GSHPx activity decreased in kidney. Deprivation of drinking water decreased Se-GSHPx activity in kidney and non-Se GSHPx activity in kidney and liver. H2O2 intake decreased activity of catalase in rat skeletal muscle. H2O2 intake or water deprivation caused no changes in these enzyme activities in mice.
Endurance training reduces the susceptibility of mouse skeletal muscle to lipid peroxidation in vitro
1983
Selected estimates of the lipid peroxidative capacity were assayed in the red and white skeletal muscles of control and endurance-trained mice. Endurance training decreased the lipid peroxidation rate in vitro in both muscle types. The concentration of lipids susceptible to Fe2+-induced lipid peroxidation was greater in the red than in the white skeletal muscle and increased after endurance training in the red muscle. Endurance training, however, decreased highly significantly the sensitivity of red muscle to in vitro stimulated lipid peroxidation. The activity of catalase and the concentration of vitamin E were considerably higher in the red muscle, whereas the activity of glutathione pero…