Search results for "Cell Movement"
showing 10 items of 396 documents
Biomimetic Alginate/Gelatin Cross-Linked Hydrogels Supplemented with Polyphosphate for Wound Healing Applications
2020
In the present study, the fabrication of a biomimetic wound dressing that mimics the extracellular matrix, consisting of a hydrogel matrix composed of non-oxidized and periodate-oxidized marine alginate, was prepared to which gelatin was bound via Schiff base formation. Into this alginate/oxidized-alginate-gelatin hydrogel, polyP was stably but reversibly integrated by ionic cross-linking with Zn2+ ions. Thereby, a soft hybrid material is obtained, consisting of a more rigid alginate scaffold and porous structures formed by the oxidized-alginate-gelatin hydrogel with ionically cross-linked polyP. Two forms of the Zn-polyP-containing matrices were obtained based on the property of polyP to f…
Cytokines and their effects on maturation, differentiation and migration of dendritic cells.
1996
In this review the role of cytokines in the maturation and migration of phenotypically and functionally diverse dendritic cell (DC) subpopulations is discussed and their role in the progress of differentiation from bone marrow progenitors to lymphoid DC is described. GM-CSF is the most important cytokine for the development of functional DC and acts in concert with a varying mixture of other cytokines such as IL-4, IL-1 and TNF-α to direct the development of individual DC subpopulations.
Effects of PPARγ agonists on the expression of leptin and vascular endothelial growth factor in breast cancer cells.
2013
The obesity hormone leptin has been implicated in breast cancer development. Breast cancer cells express the leptin receptor and are able to synthesize leptin in response to obesity-related stimuli. Furthermore, leptin is a positive regulator of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and high levels of both proteins are associated with worse prognosis in breast cancer patients. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) ligands are therapeutic agents used in patient with Type 2 diabetes and obesity which have recently been studied for their potential anti-tumor effect. Here, we studied if these compounds, ciglitazone and GW1929, can affect the expression of leptin and VEGF in b…
Discovery of novel anti-inflammatory drug-like compounds by aligning in silico and in vivo screening: The nitroindazolinone chemotype
2011
In this report, we propose the combination of computational methods and in vivo primary screening in zebrafish larvae and confirmatory in mice models as a novel strategy to accelerate anti-inflammatory drug discovery. Initially, a database of 1213 organic chemicals with great structural variability - 587 of them anti-inflammatory agents plus 626 compounds with other clinical uses - was divided into training and test groups. Atom-based quadratic indices - a TOMOCOMD-CARDD molecular descriptors family - and linear discriminant analysis (LDA) were used to develop a total of 13 models to describe the anti-inflammatory activity. The best model (Eq. (13)) shows an accuracy of 87.70% in the traini…
Pro-invasive stimuli and the interacting protein Hsp70 favour the route of alpha-enolase to the cell surface
2017
AbstractCell surface expression of alpha-enolase, a glycolytic enzyme displaying moonlighting activities, has been shown to contribute to the motility and invasiveness of cancer cells through the protein non-enzymatic function of binding plasminogen and enhancing plasmin formation. Although a few recent records indicate the involvement of protein partners in the localization of alpha-enolase to the plasma membrane, the cellular mechanisms underlying surface exposure remain largely elusive. Searching for novel interactors and signalling pathways, we used low-metastatic breast cancer cells, a doxorubicin-resistant counterpart and a non-tumourigenic mammary epithelial cell line. Here, we demon…
Transcriptional regulation of miR-224 upregulated in human HCCs by NFκB inflammatory pathways
2012
Background & Aims: miR-224 is up-regulated in human HCCs as compared to both paired peri-tumoral cirrhotic tissues and cirrhotic livers without HCC. Here, we have cloned the miR-224 regulatory region and characterized its transcriptional regulation by the NFκB-dependent inflammatory pathways. Methods: Mature miRNA expression was evaluated by a 2 step stem-loop real-time RT-PCR. The recruitment of polymerase II and transcription factors on the pre-miR-224 promoter has been assessed by ChIPSeq and ChIP. Results: We found miR-224 levels strongly up-regulated in both peri-tumoral cirrhotic livers and HCC samples as compared to normal livers. In silico analysis of the putative miR-224 promoter r…
Transformation of primary human hepatocytes in hepatocellular carcinoma
2015
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary liver cancer. Currently, there is limited knowledge of neoplastic transformation of hepatocytes in HCC. In clinical practice, the high rate of HCC local recurrence suggests the presence of different hepatocyte populations within the liver and particularly in the tumor proximity. The present study investigated primary human hepatocyte cultures obtained from liver specimens of patients affected by cirrhosis and HCC, their proliferation and transformation. Liver samples were obtained from seven HCC cirrhotic patients and from three patients with normal liver (NL). Immediately after surgery, cell outgrowth and primary cultures were obtai…
Vanillin Suppresses Metastatic Potential of Human Cancer Cells through PI3K Inhibition and Decreases Angiogenesis in Vivo
2009
Vanillin, a food flavoring agent, has been shown to suppress cancer cell migration and metastasis in a mouse model, but its mechanism of action is unknown. In this report, we have examined the antimetastatic potential of vanillin and its structurally related compounds, vanillic acid, vanillyl alcohol, and apocynin on hepatocyte growth factor (HGF)-induced migration of human lung cancer cells by the Transwell assay. Vanillin and apocynin could inhibit cell migration, and both compounds selectively inhibited Akt phosphorylation of HGF signaling, without affecting phosphorylation of Met and Erk. Vanillin and apocynin could inhibit the enzymatic activity of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), as …
Microangiectasias: Structural regulators of lymphocyte transmigration
2003
The migration of lymphocytes into inflammatory tissue requires the migrating cell to overcome mechanical forces produced by blood flow. A generally accepted hypothesis is that these forces are overcome by a multistep sequence of adhesive interactions between lymphocytes and endothelial cells. This hypothesis has been recently challenged by results demonstrating wall shear stress on the order of 20 dyn/cm 2 in vivo and infrequent lymphocyte–endothelial adhesion at wall shear stress >1–2 dyn/cm 2 in vitro . Here, we show that lymphocyte slowing and transmigration in the skin is associated with microangiectasias, i.e., focal structural dilatations of microvessel segments. Microangiectasias…
Deficient cytokine response of human allergen-specific T lymphocytes from humanized SCID mice and reconstitution by professional antigen-presenting c…
2000
Abstract Background: Hu-PBL-SCID mice generated by the transfer of PBMCs from atopic individuals may provide a physiologic in vivo model for investigating human responses to allergens and potential approaches toward immunotherapy. Objective: This study was undertaken to investigate the functional activity and cytokine profile of human allergen-reactive T lymphocytes isolated from hu-PBL-SCID mice. Methods: PBMCs from allergic individuals were coinjected with allergen into SCID mice. Human lymphocyte migration and phenotype were established by reverse transcription–PCR and immunohistochemistry, IgE levels in sera were determined, and the frequency of allergen-reactive cytokine-producing T ly…