Search results for "Cell cycle"
showing 10 items of 804 documents
DHA induces Jurkat T-cell arrest in G2/M phase of cell cycle and modulates the plasma membrane expression of TRPC3/6 channels.
2021
Abstract We investigated whether docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), a dietary n-3 fatty acid, modulates calcium (Ca2+) signaling and cell cycle progression in human Jurkat T-cells. Our study demonstrates that DHA inhibited Jurkat T-cell cycle progression by blocking their passage from S phase to G2/M phase. In addition, DHA decreased the plasma membrane expression of TRPC3 and TRPC6 calcium channels during T-cell proliferation. Interestingly, this fatty acid increased plasma membrane expression of TRPC6 after 24 h of mitogenic stimulation by phorbol-13-myristate-12-acetate (PMA) and ionomycin. These variations in the membrane expression of TRPC3 and TRPC6 channels were not directly correlated with…
Plasmonic Nanosensors for the Determination of Drug Effectiveness on Membrane Receptors.
2016
We demonstrate the potential of the NanoSPR (nanoscale surface plasmon resonance sensors) method as a simple and cheap tool for the quantitative study of membrane protein–protein interactions. We use NanoSPR to determine the effectiveness of two potential drug candidates that inhibit the protein complex formation between FtsA and ZipA at initial stages of bacterial division. As the NanoSPR method relies on individual gold nanorods as sensing elements, there is no need for fluorescent labels or organic cosolvents, and it provides intrinsically high statistics. NanoSPR could become a powerful tool in drug development, drug delivery, and membrane studies.
Retinal homeobox promotes cell growth, proliferation and survival of mushroom body neuroblasts in the Drosophila brain.
2016
Abstract The Drosophila mushroom bodies, centers of olfactory learning and memory in the fly ‘forebrain’, develop from a set of neural stem cells (neuroblasts) that generate a large number of Kenyon cells (KCs) during sustained cell divisions from embryonic to late pupal stage. We show that retinal homeobox ( rx ), encoding for an evolutionarily conserved transcription factor, is required for proper development of the mushroom bodies. Throughout development rx is expressed in mushroom body neuroblasts (MBNBs), their ganglion mother cells (MB-GMCs) and young KCs. In the absence of rx function, MBNBs form correctly but exhibit a reduction in cell size and mitotic activity, whereas overexpress…
Population snapshots predict early haematopoietic and erythroid hierarchies
2016
The formation of red blood cells begins with the differentiation of multipotent haematopoietic progenitors. Reconstructing the steps of this differentiation represents a general challenge in stem-cell biology. Here we used single-cell transcriptomics, fate assays and a theory that allows the prediction of cell fates from population snapshots to demonstrate that mouse haematopoietic progenitors differentiate through a continuous, hierarchical structure into seven blood lineages. We uncovered coupling between the erythroid and the basophil or mast cell fates, a global haematopoietic response to erythroid stress and novel growth factor receptors that regulate erythropoiesis. We defined a flow …
Insights into the red algae and eukaryotic evolution from the genome of Porphyra umbilicalis (Bangiophyceae, Rhodophyta).
2017
Porphyra umbilicalis (laver) belongs to an ancient group of red algae (Bangiophyceae), is harvested for human food, and thrives in the harsh conditions of the upper intertidal zone. Here we present the 87.7-Mbp haploid Porphyra genome (65.8% G + C content, 13,125 gene loci) and elucidate traits that inform our understanding of the biology of red algae as one of the few multicellular eukaryotic lineages. Novel features of the Porphyra genome shared by other red algae relate to the cytoskeleton, calcium signaling, the cell cycle, and stress-Tolerance mechanisms including photoprotection. Cytoskeletal motor proteins in Porphyra are restricted to a small set of kinesins that appear to be the on…
Micronucleus induction and cell cycle alterations produced by deoxynivalenol and its acetylated derivatives in individual and combined exposure on He…
2018
Mycotoxins are produced by a number of fungal genera spp as e.g. Aspergillus, Penicillium, Alternaria, Fusarium and Claviceps. 3-Acetyl-Deoxynivalenol (3-A-DON) and 15-Acetyl-Deoxynivalenol (15-ADON) which are produced by Fusarium, chemically belong to trichothecenes and occur in significant amounts as modified forms of deoxynivalenol (DON) in various cereal crops and processed grains. This study aims to determine the cytotoxicity, cell cycle and genotoxicity of the mycotoxins DON, 3-A-DON and 15-A-DON on HepG2 cells. Cytotoxic concentration range studied was from 100 to 3.1 μM for DON and 12.5 to 0.04 μM for 3-A-DON and 15-A-DON by the Neutral Red (NR) assay, over 24, 48 and 72 h. Potentia…
Anthranilamide-based 2-phenylcyclopropane-1-carboxamides, 1,1'-biphenyl-4-carboxamides and 1,1'-biphenyl-2-carboxamides: Synthesis biological evaluat…
2017
Abstract Several anthranilamide-based 2-phenylcyclopropane-1-carboxamides 13a-f, 1,1’-biphenyl-4-carboxamides 14a-f and 1,1’-biphenyl-2-carboxamides 17a-f were obtained by a multistep procedure starting from the (1S,2S)-2-phenylcyclopropane-1-carbonyl chloride 11, the 1,1'-biphenyl-4-carbonyl chloride 12 or the 1,1'-biphenyl-2-carbonyl chloride 16 with the appropriate anthranilamide derivative 10a-f. Derivatives 13a-f, 14a-f and 17a-f showed antiproliferative activity against human leukemia K562 cells. Among these derivatives 13b, 14b and 17b exerted a particular cytotoxic effect on tumor cells. Derivative 17b showed a better antitumoral effect on K562 cells than 13b and 14b. Analyses perfo…
Production Conditions Affect the In Vitro Anti-Tumoral Effects of a High Concentration Multi-Strain Probiotic Preparation.
2016
A careful selection of the probiotic agent, standardization of the dose and detailed characterization of the beneficial effects are essential when considering use of a probiotic for the dietary management of serious diseases. However, changes in the manufacturing processes, equipment or facilities can result in differences in the product itself due to the live nature of probiotics. The need to reconfirm safety and/or efficacy for any probiotic product made at a different factory is therefore mandatory. Recently, under the brand VSL#3®, a formulation produced by a manufacturer different from the previous one, has been commercialized in some European countries (the UK and Holland). VSL#3 is a…
Caretakers and Gatekeepers
2017
It has now been generally accepted that the genes responsible for familial cancer syndromes can be divided into two categories, known as caretakers and gatekeepers. Caretakers are genes that control the maintenance of the genetic information integrity in each cell while gatekeepers are those genes which directly regulate tumor growth, codifying for proteins which either stimulate or inhibit proliferation, differentiation or apoptosis. Keywords: gatekeeper genes; caretaker genes; tumor suppressor genes; cell cycle; hereditary syndromes
RINT1 Loss Impairs Retinogenesis Through TRP53-Mediated Apoptosis
2020
Genomic instability in the central nervous system (CNS) is associated with defective neurodevelopment and neurodegeneration. Congenital human syndromes that affect the CNS development originate from mutations in genes of the DNA damage response (DDR) pathways. RINT1 (Rad50-interacting protein 1) is a partner of RAD50, that participates in the cellular responses to DNA double-strand breaks (DSB). Recently, we showed that Rint1 regulates cell survival in the developing brain and its loss led to premature lethality associated with genomic stability. To bypass the lethality of Rint1 inactivation in the embryonic brain and better understand the roles of RINT1 in CNS development, we conditionally…