Search results for "Ceta"
showing 10 items of 1865 documents
Who's better at spotting? A comparison between aerial photography and observer-based methods to monitor floating marine litter and marine mega-fauna.
2020
Pollution by marine litter is raising major concerns due to its potential impact on marine biodiversity and, above all, on endangered mega-fauna species, such as cetaceans and sea turtles. The density and distribution of marine litter and mega-fauna have been traditionally monitored through observer-based methods, yet the advent of new technologies has introduced aerial photography as an alternative monitoring method. However, to integrate results produced by different monitoring techniques and consider the photographic method a viable alternative, this ‘new’ methodology must be validated. This study aims to compare observations obtained from the concurrent application of observer-based and…
Niche partitioning amongst northwestern Mediterranean cetaceans using stable isotopes
2021
Abstract Ten species of cetaceans coexist in the Mediterranean Sea, one of the richest seas in biodiversity and endemisms worldwide. The conservation status of Mediterranean cetaceans has been a concern for many years, particularly due to increasing anthropogenic threats such as global warming and overfishing. We established the stable isotopic niches of carbon, nitrogen, and sulphur for five species of cetaceans inhabiting the northwestern Mediterranean Sea to elucidate the mechanisms of coexistence. The fin whale exploited epipelagic habitats with a low trophic level; the bottlenose dolphin was mostly neritic and had a high trophic level; the Risso’s dolphin was oceanic and fed bathypelag…
Anhydrobiosis in yeasts: Glutathione synthesis by yeast Ogataea (Hansenula) polymorpha cells after their dehydration-rehydration.
2019
The possibility of using active dry microbial preparations in biotechnological processes is essential for the development of new modern industrial technologies. In this study, we show the possibility of obtaining such preparations of the genetically engineered yeast strain Ogataea (Hansenula) polymorpha with glutathione overproduction. Special pre-treatment involving the gradual rehydration of dry cells in water vapour led to the restoration/reactivation of almost 100% of dehydrated cells. Furthermore, dry cells do not lose their viability during storage at room temperatures. Application of dry cells as the inoculum provides the same levels of glutathione synthesis as that of a native yeast…
Long-Distance Travellers: Phylogeography of a Generalist Parasite, Pholeter gastrophilus, from Cetaceans
2017
We studied the phylogeography and historical demography of the most generalist digenean from cetaceans, Pholeter gastrophilus, exploring the effects of isolation by distance, ecological barriers and hosts' dispersal ability on the population structure of this parasite. The ITS2 rDNA, and the mitochondrial COI and ND1 from 68 individual parasites were analysed. Worms were collected from seven oceanic and coastal cetacean species from the south western Atlantic (SWA), central eastern Atlantic, north eastern Atlantic (NEA), and Mediterranean Sea. Pholeter gastrophilus was considered a single lineage because reciprocal monophyly was not detected in the ML cladogram of all individuals, and seque…
Sugiyamaella mastotermitis sp. nov. and Papiliotrema odontotermitis f.a., sp. nov. from the gut of the termites Mastotermes darwiniensis and Odontote…
2016
Two novel yeast species were isolated from the guts of two different termite species. A new member of the genus Sugiyamaella was isolated from the hindgut and nest material of the lower Australian termite Mastotermes darwiniensis. The second novel yeast species, isolated from the higher termite Odontotermes obesus, was identified as a member of the genus Papiliotrema. Both yeast species were able to hydrolyse xylan, methylumbelliferyl β-xylobiose and methylumbelliferyl β-xylotriose. The ability to debranch different hemicellulose side chains and growth without the addition of external vitamins was observed. A symbiotic role of the novel yeast species is indicated, especially in respect to x…
Essential Oil Yield, Chemical Composition, and Total Citral Content of Nine Cultivars of Cymbopogon Species from Western India
2016
ABSTRACTThe essential oil composition of five elite Cymbopogon varieties (OD-19, Pragati, RRL-16, NLG-84) and a hybrid (CPK-25) and four new selections (LS-1 to LS-4) were determined by gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The oil yield ranged from 0.31% to 1.0% with CPK-25 (1.0%) and LS-2 (0.95%) containing the highest. A total of 66 compounds, constituting 84.6–94.3% of the oils, were identified. The main compounds were geranial (29.9–41.6%), neral (25.8–32.5%), citronellol (0.3–12.8%), geranyl acetate (1.2–8.4%), and geraniol (1.8–8.2%). Of the cultivars, OD-19 (74.1%) had the highest and LS-3 (55.7%) contained the lowest amount of total citral. CKP-2…
Chromatographic profiles and antimicrobial activity of the essential oils obtained from some species and cultivars of the Mentheae tribe (Lamiaceae)
2021
Abstract The present study was focused on the chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of the essential oils (EsO) obtained from five Lamiaceae representatives grown in the south of Ukraine. Among them are Salvia sclarea L., Monarda didyma (cultivar ‘Cambridge Scarlet’), Thymus pulegioides (cultivar ‘2/6-07’), Thymus vulgaris (cultivar ‘Jalos’), and Thymus serpyllum L. The component analysis of the EsO was carried out by gas chromatography method coupled with mass spectrometry (GC–MS). The antimicrobial properties of the EsO were determined using the agar diffusion test against widespread pathogenic bacterial strains (Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Enterococcus faecalis, St…
Thioredoxin (Trxo1) interacts with proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and its overexpression affects the growth of tobacco cell culture.
2017
Thioredoxins (Trxs), key components of cellular redox regulation, act by controlling the redox status of many target proteins, and have been shown to play an essential role in cell survival and growth. The presence of a Trx system in the nucleus has received little attention in plants, and the nuclear targets of plant Trxs have not been conclusively identified. Thus, very little is known about the function of Trxs in this cellular compartment. Previously, we studied the intracellular localization of PsTrxo1 and confirmed its presence in mitochondria and, interestingly, in the nucleus under standard growth conditions. In investigating the nuclear function of PsTrxo1 we identified proliferati…
Taxonomic status and epidemiology of the mesoparasitic copepod Pennella balaenoptera in cetaceans from the western Mediterranean.
2018
Pennella balaenoptera is a mesoparasitic copepod that has been reported in at least 17 cetacean species. Subtle morphological differences in the first antennae of adult females have been used to discriminate this species from P. filosa, a species infecting fishes. Other morphological traits are unreliable because of their high plasticity, and no molecular data are available to confirm the taxonomic status of P. balaenoptera as an independent species. We found no consistent morphological differences of the first antennae between P. balaenoptera and P. filosa collected from cetaceans and fish in the western Mediterranean. Molecular data on the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I failed…
A phytosociological analysis of the Olea europaea L. var. sylvestris (Mill.) Lehr. forests in Sicily
2019
This paper presents a phytosociological study on the forest vegetation of Olea europaea var. sylvestris of Sicily and of the smaller minor islands. In Sicily, Oleaster formations show considerable climacic potentiality in the bioclimactic belts between the infra- and the thermomediterranean with single edapho-climacic penetrations that are also in the mesomediterranean; however, these were largely destroyed by man in order to make room for crops. Furthermore, the residual expressions of the Oleaster forests are limited, and often exist as regenerated woodland made possible by the abandonment of agricultural land; they are often small forest nuclei–high maquis, woods and micro-woods–with a m…