Search results for "Chemical engineering"

showing 10 items of 5892 documents

Stamping of monomeric SAMs as a route to structured crystallization templates: patterned titania films.

2000

Gold-coated glass slides have be patterned by using self-assembled monolayers (SAM) of alkane thiols. Through the use of a special thiol terminated with a styrene monomer, microstructures of 5 to 10 microm width and 70 A height have been formed on the surface by graft polymerization of styrene. These patterned gold slides have then been used to template the precipitation of thin titania films from ethanolic solutions of titanium isopropoxide to create microstructured architectures in the film. Plasmon resonance spectra have established the presence of different steps in the process and have been used to follow the kinetics of the precipitation of titania on the surface. The structured TiO2 …

ChemistryOrganic ChemistryNanotechnologyGeneral ChemistryCatalysisStyrenelaw.inventionchemistry.chemical_compoundMonomerPolymerizationChemical engineeringlawMonolayerSelf-assemblyTitanium isopropoxideSurface plasmon resonanceCrystallizationChemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)
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Frontispiece: Low‐Temperature Miniemulsion‐Based Routes for Synthesis of Metal Oxides

2020

ChemistryOrganic ChemistryOxideGeneral ChemistryCatalysislaw.inventionMiniemulsionMetalchemistry.chemical_compoundChemical engineeringlawvisual_artvisual_art.visual_art_mediumCrystallizationChemistry – A European Journal
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Facilitated Oxygen Transport

2010

The amount of dioxygen an organism needs for aerobic metabolism depends on many factors, size and activity being the most important. However, as an approximate figure, we may say that a typical higher eukaryote will utilize about 3.5 ml dioxygen kg−1 body weight per minute. This must reach the tissues where active metabolism is occurring and be maintained there at a steady-state pressure of approximately 2 Torr. This will assure a sufficient rate of delivery to mitochondria and allow continued utilization therein for oxidative reactions (see Chap. 4). The problem faced by the organism is how to assure sufficient delivery to all the tissues, even those buried deep in the body, sometimes whil…

ChemistryOxygen transportCambrian explosionBiochemical engineeringGlobin geneBody weightOrganism
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MWCNTs-Supported Pd(II) Complexes with High Catalytic Efficiency in Oxygen Reduction Reaction in Alkaline Media

2018

We report here the remarkable catalytic efficiency observed for two Pd(II) azamacrocyclic complexes supported on multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) toward oxygen reduction reactions. Beyond a main (90%) 4e

ChemistryPhysical and Theoretical Chemistry; Inorganic Chemistry; fuel cells02 engineering and technology010402 general chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyMultiwalled carbon01 natural sciencesOxygen reduction0104 chemical sciencesInorganic ChemistryChemical engineeringOxygen reduction reactionFuel cellsPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryCatalytic efficiency0210 nano-technology
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Preparation and characterization of organofunctionalized bentonite clay bearing aminophosphonic groups in heavy metal uptake

2019

Abstract Bentonite (Bnt) with covalently immobilized N-propylaminodi(methylenephosphonic) groups (Bnt-ADPA) was obtained through a two-step synthesis including aminosilanization and phosphorylation of resulting aminobentonite through Moedritzer-Irani reaction. The grafting of an aminosilane layer in the interplanar space of the bentonite was investigated by XRD, and the presence of N and P-containing groups was confirmed by FTIR, 31P and 29Si MAS NMR. The immobilization of the organic functional groups increased the interplanar distance in bentonite matrix at 52% that essentially improved filtration properties compared to raw bentonite. The number of surface acid groups was evaluated to 0.8…

ChemistryProcess Chemistry and TechnologyMetal ions in aqueous solution02 engineering and technology010501 environmental sciences021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyGrafting01 natural sciencesPollutionMatrix (chemical analysis)MetalAdsorptionCovalent bondvisual_artBentonitevisual_art.visual_art_mediumChemical Engineering (miscellaneous)Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy0210 nano-technologyWaste Management and Disposal0105 earth and related environmental sciencesNuclear chemistryJournal of Environmental Chemical Engineering
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MOCVD growth of CdTe on glass: analysis of in situ post-growth annealing

2004

Abstract In this paper, we analyse the growth by MOCVD of CdTe on glass substrates using in situ post-growth annealing. First, in order to perform a systematic study, polycrystalline layers of CdTe were deposited by MOCVD on glass substrates. The structure and morphology of the layers was investigated as a function of different growth parameters, temperature, VI/II precursor molar ratio and substrate position on the susceptor. An activation energy of Ek=20.7 kcal/mol was obtained from the experimental data. In order to better understand the process and the effects of different growth parameters, a numerical model that simulated the gas flow in the reactor, was developed. Secondly we analyse…

ChemistryScanning electron microscopeSubstrate (electronics)Activation energyCondensed Matter PhysicsCadmium telluride photovoltaicsAnnealing (glass)Inorganic ChemistryCrystallographysymbols.namesakeChemical engineeringMaterials ChemistrysymbolsCrystalliteMetalorganic vapour phase epitaxyRaman spectroscopyJournal of Crystal Growth
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Characterization of MCM-48 Materials

2000

Mesoporous molecular sieves of MCM-48 type were prepared by conventional hydrothermal and novel room temperature syntheses. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) studies have shown that nonagglomerate...

ChemistryScanning electron microscopeSurfaces and InterfacesCondensed Matter PhysicsMolecular sieveHydrothermal circulationCharacterization (materials science)CrystallographyChemical engineeringElectrochemistryHydrothermal synthesisGeneral Materials ScienceMesoporous materialSpectroscopyLangmuir
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Mechanisms of Organic Coating on the Surface of a Poplar Biochar

2017

Background: Recent studies highlighted that biochar efficiency to improve soil fertility is enhanced after it is blended with fresh organic materials. It was suggested that organic coating of inner-porous biochar surfaces acts as a kind of “glue” for plant-nutrients, thereby allowing their slow release towards plant-roots and/or microorganisms. Objective: The aim of the present study is to improve the understanding of the nature of the interactions between fresh organic matter and a poplar biochar. Method: Two fluorinated organic models were used as target molecules in order to apply heteronuclear (i.e. 19F) fast field cycling (FFC) NMR relaxometry. Results: The results suggest that organic…

ChemistrySettore AGR/13 - Chimica AgrariaOrganic Chemistry04 agricultural and veterinary sciences010501 environmental sciencesengineering.material01 natural sciencesBiochar fast field cycling fluorine NMR fluorinated compounds organic coating pyrolysis biochar relaxometryAgronomyCoatingChemical engineeringBiochar040103 agronomy & agricultureengineering0401 agriculture forestry and fisheries0105 earth and related environmental sciencesCurrent Organic Chemistry
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Nanoreactors for the multi-functionalization of poly-histidine fragments

2019

Water-soluble MBHA derivatives were found to self-assemble in a water environment to generate aggregates showing core–shell architectures. The aggregates appeared to be capable of working as nanoreactors performing a multi-functionalization of poly-histidine fragments, which after an initial interaction with the solvated oligo(ethylene glycol) shell reach the reactive core.

ChemistryShell (structure)Core (manufacturing)General ChemistryNanoreactorCatalysisNanoreactorschemistry.chemical_compoundChemical engineeringMaterials ChemistryWater environmentSurface modificationEthylene glycolHistidine
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A Liquid-Liquid Biphasic Homogeneous Organocatalytic Aldol Protocol Based on the Use of a Silica Gel Bound Multilayered Ionic Liquid Phase

2012

An innovative two stage liquid–liquid biphasic homogeneous protocol for the asymmetric organocatalytic aldol reaction is proposed, based on the use of the cis-ion-tagged proline 8 dissolved in the liquid film of a multilayered ionic liquid covalently bonded to silica gel 4. The resulting catalytically active material 9 is first soaked with cyclohexanone in the presence of water, resulting in a semi-transparent gel, then the aldehyde is added and the mixture stirred at RT. In the first stage, 4 acts as a catalyst reservoir that delivers 8 to the cyclohexanone phase allowing the reaction to take place homogeneously. In the second stage, cyclohexanone is removed under vacuum and the resulting …

ChemistrySilica gelOrganic ChemistryInorganic chemistrySettore CHIM/06 - Chimica OrganicaorganocatalysiHeterogeneous catalysisaldehydeCatalysisCatalysisionic liquidsInorganic Chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundAldol reactionChemical engineeringHomogeneousPhase (matter)OrganocatalysisIonic liquidaldol reactionPhysical and Theoretical Chemistrybiphasic catalysiChemCatChem
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