Search results for "Chino"
showing 10 items of 351 documents
Echinostoma caproni (Trematoda): differential in vivo mucin expression and glycosylation in high- and low-compatible hosts.
2014
Enhanced mucus production and release appears to be a common mechanism for the clearance of intestinal helminths, and this expulsion is normally mediated by Th2-type immune responses. To investigate the factors determining the expulsion of intestinal helminths, we have analysed in vivo expression of mucin genes at the site of infection in two host species displaying different compatibility with Echinostoma caproni (Trematoda). Surprisingly, a general down-regulation on mucin mRNA expression was detected in low-compatible hosts (rats) coinciding with the development of Th2/Th17 responses and the early rejection of the worms from the intestinal lumen. This suggests the existence of a mechanis…
Echinostoma caproni: identification of enolase in excretory/secretory products, molecular cloning, and functional expression.
2007
In order to investigate molecules that could be involved in host-trematode relationships, we have analysed the excretory/secretory products (ESP) of Echinostoma caproni following a proteomic approach. Actin, Gluthathione S-transferase (GST) and enolase have been identified in the ESP. Enolase, observed to be one of the most abundant proteins, was further characterized. The molecular cloning and in vitro expression in Escherichia coli of E. caproni enolase allowed us to determine that the protein contains 431 amino acids and a theoretical MW of 46272 Da. E. caproni enolase shows high homology to other trematode enolases. The recombinant protein binds specifically to human plasminogen in vitr…
Th17 responses in Echinostoma caproni infections in hosts of high and low compatibility.
2011
In order to investigate the factors determining the expulsion of intestinal helminths, we have analyzed the in vivo expression of IL-17, TGF-β and IL-23 in several tissues of two host species displaying different compatibility with Echinostoma caproni (Trematoda). We did not observe upregulation of these cytokines in any of the tissues of the high compatible host (mice). In contrast, the responses in the host of low compatibility (rats) with the parasite were markedly different. Significant increases in the expression of IL-17 and TGF-β were observed in the Peyer's patches and the intestine from the 2 to 8 weeks post-infection. The expression of IL-23 was upregulated from 2 to 4 weeks post-…
The Genome of the Sea Urchin Strongylocentrotus purpuratus
2006
We report the sequence and analysis of the 814-megabase genome of the sea urchin Strongylocentrotus purpuratus , a model for developmental and systems biology. The sequencing strategy combined whole-genome shotgun and bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) sequences. This use of BAC clones, aided by a pooling strategy, overcame difficulties associated with high heterozygosity of the genome. The genome encodes about 23,300 genes, including many previously thought to be vertebrate innovations or known only outside the deuterostomes. This echinoderm genome provides an evolutionary outgroup for the chordates and yields insights into the evolution of deuterostomes.
Echinostomes as experimental models for interactions between adult parasites and vertebrate hosts.
2005
Echinostomes are intestinal trematodes that, for years, have served as experimental models in different areas of parasitology. However, the usefulness of these trematodes in experimental parasitology has been underappreciated. In this article, we examine the characteristics that make echinostomes useful models for analysis of the interactions between adult parasites and vertebrate hosts, particularly in relation to the host-related factors that determine the establishment of the parasites.
Molecular cloning and characterization ofEchinostoma caproniheat shock protein-70 and differential expression in the parasite derived from low- and h…
2008
SUMMARYWe cloned and expressedEchinostoma caproniHSP70 inEscherichia coli. This molecule presents an open reading frame (ORF) of 655 amino acids, and a theoretical molecular weight of 71 kDa.E. caproniHSP70 protein showed a high homology to other helminth molecules, major differences being located in the C-terminal region of the molecule, with a hydrophobic portion. Studies of protein and messenger RNA (mRNA) expression revealed a distinct pattern, depending on the host (low- or high-compatible). Specific polyclonal antisera raised against the recombinant protein expressed inEscherichia colidemonstrated its selective presence in excretory/secretory products (ESP) of adult parasites obtained…
Development and pathology of echinostoma caproni in experimentally infected mice
2007
In the present article, several parasitological features of mice, each experimentally infected with 75 metacercariae of Echinostoma caproni (Trematoda: Echinostomatidae), were studied during the first 12 wk postinfection. Moreover, the early pathological responses also were analyzed and compared with data previously published on other host species of E. caproni to gain further insight into the factors determining worm rejection or establishment of chronic infections. The results obtained show that the pattern of E. caproni infection in mice is consistent with a highly compatible host–parasite system. This combination is characterized by a high worm establishment, high egg output, and long s…
Echinostoma caproni: intestinal pathology in the golden hamster, a highly compatible host, and the Wistar rat, a less compatible host.
2005
The histopathological changes induced by Echinostoma caproni (Trematoda: Echinostomatidae) in a high (golden hamster) and a low compatible host (rat) were compared at 15 and 30 days post-infection. Infection of rats was characterized by a progressive increase in erosion of villi and elevated numbers of goblet cells, which could be related to the early expulsion of the parasite in a host of low compatibility. In contrast to rats, the number of goblet cell in E. caproni-infected hamsters was low, but increased numbers of neutrophils and mesenteric inflammatory cells were observed. This indicated that local inflammatory responses in hamsters were greater than in rats. An immunohistochemical st…
A case of Candida krusei peritonitis secondary to duodenal perforation due to Candida duodenitis.
2011
A case of a 62-year-old man with Candida krusei peritonitis secondary to duodenal perforation due to Candida duodenitis that was successfully treated with a 14-day course of caspofungin is reported. The potential role of Candida infection in the pathogenesis of peptic ulcers and duodenal perforation is considered. If this role is confirmed, antifungal treatment should be included in the therapeutic armamentarium of peptic disease.
Differential alterations in the small intestine epithelial cell turnover during acute and chronic infection with Echinostoma caproni (Trematoda)
2015
Background The intestinal epithelium plays a multifactorial role in mucosal defense. In this sense, augmented epithelial cell turnover appears as a potential effector mechanism for the rejection of intestinal-dwelling helminths. Methods A BrdU pulse-chase experiment was conducted to investigate the infection-induced alterations on epithelial cell kinetics in hosts of high (mouse) and low (rat) compatibility with the intestinal trematode Echinostoma caproni. Results High levels of crypt-cell proliferation and tissue hyperplasia were observed in the ileum of infected mice, coinciding with the establishment of chronic infections. In contrast, the cell migration rate was about two times higher …