Search results for "Chloride"

showing 10 items of 1691 documents

Synthesis and antiproliferative activity of the ring system [1,2]oxazolo[4,5-g]indole.

2012

Brand new ring: A series of 27 derivatives of the new ring system [1,2]oxazolo[4,5-g]indole were conveniently prepared and tested at the NCI for antiproliferative studies. Several of them showed good inhibitory activity toward all tested cell lines, reaching GI50 values generally at the micromolar and sub-micromolar levels and in some cases at nanomolar concentrations. The mean GI50 values, calculated on the full panel, were in the range 0.25-7.08 μM.

antiproliferative activityIndolesStereochemistryhydroxylamine hydrochloridesAntineoplastic AgentsRing (chemistry)Biochemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundStructure-Activity RelationshipCell Line TumorNeoplasms2]oxazolo[4Drug Discoveryantiproliferative activity; combretastatin A-4; enaminoketones; hydroxylamine hydrochlorides; [1; 2]oxazolo[4; 5-g]indolesStructure–activity relationshipHumanscombretastatin A-4General Pharmacology Toxicology and PharmaceuticsOxazolesCell ProliferationPharmacologyCombretastatin A-4Indole testantiproliferative activity combretastatin A-4 enaminoketones hydroxylamine hydrochlorides[12]oxazolo[45-g]indolesOrganic ChemistrySettore CHIM/08 - Chimica Farmaceuticachemistry5-g]indolesenaminoketonesMolecular Medicine[1Drug Screening Assays AntitumorChemMedChem
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The increase in maternal expression of axin1 and axin2 contribute to the zebrafish mutant ichabod ventralized phenotype.

2014

β-Catenin is a central effector of the Wnt pathway and one of the players in Ca(+)-dependent cell-cell adhesion. While many wnts are present and expressed in vertebrates, only one β-catenin exists in the majority of the organisms. One intriguing exception is zebrafish that carries two genes for β-catenin. The maternal recessive mutation ichabod presents very low levels of β-catenin2 that in turn affects dorsal axis formation, suggesting that β-catenin1 is incapable to compensate for β-catenin2 loss and raising the question of whether these two β-catenins may have differential roles during early axis specification. Here we identify a specific antibody that can discriminate selectively for β-…

axin1axin2zebrafish mutant ichabodMessengerEmbryonic DevelopmentBiochemistryBETA-CATENINAxin2-RGS DOMAINAxin ProteinAntibody SpecificitySettore BIO/10 - BiochimicaAnimalsAxin2-RGS DOMAIN; AXIS FORMATION; BETA-CATENIN; Wnt signaling; ZEBRAFISH; Animals; Antibody Specificity; Axin Protein; Blastula; Cell Nucleus; Embryonic Development; Female; Gene Expression Regulation Developmental; Genes Dominant; Immunohistochemistry; Lithium Chloride; Mutation; Phenotype; Protein Stability; Protein Transport; RNA Messenger; Signal Transduction; Up-Regulation; Zebrafish; Zebrafish Proteins; beta Catenin; Biochemistry; Cell Biology; Molecular BiologyDevelopmentalDominantRNA MessengerMolecular BiologyZebrafishbeta CateninGenes DominantAXIS FORMATIONCell NucleusProtein StabilityGene Expression Regulation DevelopmentalCell BiologyBlastulaZebrafish ProteinsWnt signalingImmunohistochemistryUp-RegulationProtein TransportPhenotypeGene Expression RegulationGenesMutationRNAFemaleLithium ChlorideSignal Transduction
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Rola chlorku magnezu jako nośnika katalizatorów Zieglera-Natty

2000

Structural examination data are presented for various supports. Porosimetry (Table 2) and particle size distribution studies on MgCl 2, MgCl 2(THF) 2, Al 2O 3 as supports, carried out prior to and after ball-milling (Figs. 1, 3), suggest that MgCl 2 is beneficial as carrier because it is more liable to pretreatment (ball-milling, presence of a Lewis base) and allows its mass to be better utilized and its surface to produce catalytically active centers. Prolonged ball-milling of MgCl 2 was found to result not only in comminuted particles but also in increased specific area and larger pore volume. Studies on synthesis conditions of a vanadium precursor supported on MgCl 2(THF) 2 showed prolon…

ball-millingLewis base presenceactivity in polymerization of ethylenestructural characteristicsmagnesium chlorideZiegler-Natta catalystsPolimery
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[Et4N][7-Me2S-nido-B11H12]

2003

Tetraethylammonium 7-dimethylsulfanyl-nido-dodecahydroundecaborate, [Et(4)N][7-Me(2)S-nido-B(11)H(12)] or C(8)H(20)N(+).C(2)H(18)B(11)S(-), is a product of the deprotonation of [7-Me(2)S-nido-B(11)H(13)] with KHBEt(3) and precipitation with tetraethylammonium chloride. The effect of removing one endo-terminal H atom is to cause a general contraction of the open-face B-B distances.

biology010405 organic chemistryPrecipitation (chemistry)ChemistryInorganic chemistryGeneral MedicineCrystal structure010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesChlorideMedicinal chemistryGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular Biology0104 chemical sciencesDeprotonationmedicinebiology.proteinMoleculemedicine.drugOrganic anionActa Crystallographica Section C Crystal Structure Communications
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Antimykotische Wirkstoffe, Mitt. Chlor-(1-piperazinyl)-1,3,5-triazine

1988

Aus der Umsetzung von Cyanurchlorid (1) mit den Piperazinderivaten 2a–c bei –20 bis 10° gehen die Dichlor-(1-piperazinyl)-1,3,5-triazine 3a–c hervor. Bei der erhohten Reaktionstemperatur von 40° erfolgt aus 1 und den Piperazinderivaten 4a–b Bildung der 2-Chlor-4,6-bis(piperazinyl)-1,3,5-triazine 5a–b. Zu gemischt substituierten Chlor-1,3,5-triazinen 9 fuhrt die nacheinander erfolgende Umsetzung von 1 mit 2 verschiedenen cyclischen sekundaren Aminen (6 und 8). Die Strukturtypen 3, 5 und 9 zeigen in den 1H-NMR-Spektren zwei fur Piperazinringe charakteristische Signalgruppen im Bereich 2.4–4.0 ppm. Unter den neu entwickelten Verbindungen finden sich Vertreter mit sehr starker antimykotischer W…

biologyBicyclic moleculeStereochemistryCyanuric chloridePharmaceutical ScienceTrichophyton rubrumbiology.organism_classificationPiperazinechemistry.chemical_compoundReaction temperaturechemistryDrug DiscoveryMicrosporum canisMicrosporumArchiv der Pharmazie
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Effects of tributyltin(IV) chloride on fertilization ofStyela plicata(Ascidiacea: Tunicata): II. Scanning and transmission electron microscopy studies

2003

The morphological aspects of Styela plicata fertilization after treatment with tributyltin(IV) chloride are described by means of scanning and transmission electron microscopy investigations. Alterations have been shown both on female and male gametes; spermatozoa, all the egg envelopes and the mitochondria of the egg cortical cytoplasm are modified in relation to incubation time. As a consequence, the damage to gametes blocks sperm–egg interaction and fertilization does not occur. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

biologyChemistryMineralogyGeneral Chemistrybiology.organism_classificationChlorideCell biologyInorganic Chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundStyela plicataHuman fertilizationCytoplasmTransmission electron microscopymedicineTributyltinFertilisationAscidiaceamedicine.drugApplied Organometallic Chemistry
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A remarkable selectivity in the N-functionalization of polyaza[n]paracyclophanes. Synthesis of N-(4-picolyl)-substituted 2,6,9,13-tetraaza[14]paracyc…

1997

Abstract Interaction of cationic host species, in particular Zn 2+ salts, with polyaza[n]paracyclophanes (i.e. 2,6,9,13-Tetraaza[14]paracyclophane, B323 (1a) ) directs their selective N-functionalization. In this way compounds mono- or difunctionalized with ArCH 2− groups at the benzylic nitrogen atoms can be easily obtained. Direct reaction with the alkylating agent, in the absence of the Zn 2+ species, produces, in general, very complex mixtures of mono- and polyalkylated compounds except when 4-picolyl chloride is used. In this case, mono-, di-, tri- and tetra N-substituted derivatives of D323 can be isolated depending on the amount of the alkylating agent used. In this case, the mono- a…

biologyChemistryStereochemistryOrganic ChemistryCationic polymerizationchemistry.chemical_elementbiology.organism_classificationBiochemistryMedicinal chemistryChlorideNitrogenMetalvisual_artDrug Discoverymedicinevisual_art.visual_art_mediumTetraSurface modificationDirect reactionSelectivitymedicine.drug
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Azide and chloride binding to carboxypeptidase A in the presence of L-phenylalanine

1990

The interaction of chloride with native and cobalt (Co)-substituted carboxypeptidase-A (CPD) has been investigated by 35Cl nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy in the presence and absence of L-Phe. The affinity constants of azide and chloride toward the Co(II)CPD·L-Phe complex have been measured by electronic spectroscopy. The correlation times determining T1 and T2 for the 35Cl nuclei are related to movements inside the cavity. In the presence of L-Phe, the anions bind to the metal with a relatively high affinity at pH values below 6. Anion binding to the Co enzyme can be analyzed in terms of the three protonation state model for the enzyme (EH2 α EH α E). In the presence of L-Phe…

biologyInorganic chemistryActive sitePhenylalanineProtonationBiochemistryChlorideMedicinal chemistryInorganic ChemistryMetalchemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryvisual_artvisual_art.visual_art_mediumbiology.proteinmedicineCarboxypeptidase AAzideAnion bindingmedicine.drugJournal of Inorganic Biochemistry
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Effect of titanium (IV) application on some enzymatic activities in several developing stages of red pepper plants

1994

Abstract The effect of two titanium (IV) compounds, titanium ascorbate and titanium chloride, on some enzymatic activities, such as catalase, peroxidase, lipoxygenase and nitrate reductase in seeds, embryos, and seedlings and adult plants of red pepper (Capsicum annuum L.), was studied. A stimulatory effect of titanium was observed for every iron‐depending enzyme studied at all developing stages as well as for nitrate reductase but only for whole plants. This occurs because Ti+3/Ti+4 catalizes the activity of iron and enhances iron‐dependent enzymes.

biologyPhysiologyChemistrytechnology industry and agriculturefood and beverageschemistry.chemical_elementequipment and suppliesNitrate reductaseTitanium chloridePlantletLipoxygenaseBiochemistryCatalasePepperbiology.proteinAgronomy and Crop SciencePeroxidaseTitaniumJournal of Plant Nutrition
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Association of Marginal Leaf Scorch with Sodium Accumulation in Salt-stressed Peach

2000

The effect of specific ion toxicity during salt stress was tested in the present study. The experiment was repeated twice, in 1996 and 1998, with `Nemaguard' peach seedlings and rooted cuttings grown in hydroponics under two NaCl concentrations (50 and 30 mm). Foliage was separated in symptomatic and symptomless leaves and the amount of sodium (Na+) and chloride (C1–) was determined. Significantly higher Na+ content was found in symptomatic than in symptomless leaves in both experiments, whereas in only two of the six cases was Cl– content higher in symptomatic than in symptomless leaves. The Na+ threshold for leaf scorch was somewhere between 4 and 6 mg·g–1 dry weight. Results indicated th…

biologyPrunus persica salinity chloride ion toxicityChemistrySodiumRosaceaechemistry.chemical_elementLeaf scorchHorticulturemedicine.diseaseHydroponicsbiology.organism_classificationSettore AGR/03 - Arboricoltura Generale E Coltivazioni ArboreeCuttingHorticultureDry weightmedicinePlant nutritionFruit treeHortScience
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