Search results for "Cipro"
showing 10 items of 369 documents
Strategies for numerical simulation of linear friction welding of metals: a review
2017
Linear friction welding (LFW) is a solid-state joining process used to weld non-axisymmetric components. Material joining is obtained through the reciprocating motion of two specimens undergoing an axial force. During this process, the heat source is determined by the frictional work transformed into heat. This results in a local softening of the material and plays a key role in the onset of the bonding conditions. In this paper, a critical analysis of the different approaches used to simulate the LFW processes is provided. The focus of the paper is the comparison of different modeling strategies and the most relevant outputs available, i.e. temperature, strain and stress distribution, mate…
Strength of sexual and postmating prezygotic barriers varies between sympatric populations with different histories and species abundances.
2019
The impact of different reproductive barriers on species or population isolation may vary in different stages of speciation depending on evolutionary forces acting within species and through species' interactions. Genetic incompatibilities between interacting species are expected to reinforce prezygotic barriers in sympatric populations and lead to cascade reinforcement between conspecific populations living within and outside the areas of sympatry. We tested these predictions and studied whether and how the strength and target of reinforcement between Drosophila montana and Drosophila flavomontana vary between sympatric populations with different histories and species abundances. All barri…
Interactive effects of past and present environments on overwintering success-a reciprocal transplant experiment
2012
Life-history traits are influenced by environmental factors throughout the lifespan of an individual. The relative importance of past versus present environment on individual fitness, therefore, is a relevant question in populations that face the challenge of temporally varying environment. We studied the interacting effects of past and present density on body mass, condition, and survival in enclosure populations of the bank vole (Myodes glareolus) using a reciprocal transplant design. In connection with the cyclic dynamics of natural vole populations, our hypothesis was that individuals born in low-density enclosures would do better overwintering in low-density enclosures than in high-den…
Mechanisms of reciprocity and diversity in social networks: a modeling and comparative approach
2018
Individual-based computer models show that different mechanisms, proximity-based or emotional bookkeeping, can lead to reciprocation. By comparing social networks from different computer models with those of empirical data, we show that the models’ social networks bear limited resemblance with some features of the observed social networks. This indicates that additional social processes (third-party awareness) may be needed in these models to represent more accurately the social behavior and interaction patterns observed in group-living animals.
Reciprocal extrapolation of species distribution models between two islands – Specialists perform better than generalists and geological data reduces…
2020
Abstract This study aims to test the extrapolation effects of species distribution models (SDM) using three groups of predictor variables: climate, relief and geology (bedrock type). We highlight potential ecological differences for selected taxa, regarding both generalists and specialists in terms of edaphic conditions. We used distributional data of 12 woody species shared by two large Mediterranean islands (Crete and Sicily) to calibrate Maxent models of their potential distribution. We trained models with data from Crete and extrapolated to Sicily and vice versa. We tested ten proxies for the three variable groups and compared AUC values as a measure of model performance. Extrapolation …
Antibacterial Activity of Propolis Extracts from the Central Region of Romania against Neisseria gonorrhoeae
2021
(1) Background: Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are among the most common infections worldwide, many of these being caused by Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG). Increased antimicrobial NG resistance has been reported in recent decades, highlighting the need for new sources of natural compounds with valuable antimicrobial activity. This study aims to determine the effect of propolis extracts on NG strains, including antibiotic-resistant strains. (2) Methods: First void urine samples from presumed positive STI subjects were harvested. DNA was extracted, purified, and amplified via PCR for the simultaneous detection of 6 STIs. The presence of the dcmH, gyrA, and parC genes was checked in the D…
Neisseria gonorrhoeae antimicrobial resistance in Spain: a prospective multicentre study.
2021
Abstract Objectives Gonococcal infection is one of the most reported sexually transmitted infections and antimicrobial resistance in Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG) is challenging for the treatment of this infection. This observational study aimed to describe antimicrobial resistance of NG and epidemiological data from patients with gonococcal infection in eight regions of Spain, for updating the local therapeutic guidelines. Methods MICs of penicillin, cefixime, ceftriaxone, azithromycin, ciprofloxacin, fosfomycin and gentamicin were determined by Etest for all NG isolates recovered from 1 April 2018 to 30 September 2019 from 10 hospitals in Spain. Resistance determinants were identified using …
Resistance to third-generation cephalosporins in Escherichia coli in the French community: The times they are a-changin'?
2020
Since the early 2000s, Escherichia coli resistance to third-generation cephalosporins (3GCs) has been increasing in all European countries, mainly due to the spread of extended spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs). Here we present a retrospective study that combines resistance of E. coli to 3GCs and quinolones with data on antibiotic use in the community in a region of Northeastern France.Since 2012, an observational surveillance of antimicrobial resistance and antibiotic use in the community was conducted: data on antimicrobial resistance in E. coli isolates were collected from 11 private laboratories, and consumption data were collected from the three main healthcare insurances.A significant dec…
Evaluation of a mass spectrometry and Vitek 2 combined protocol for rapid identification and susceptibility testing of Enterobacterales directly from…
2020
Abstract Objective The aim was to evaluate a rapid method which would combine identification and susceptibility testing directly from positive blood cultures for Gram-negative bacilli of the Enterobacterales. Material and methods Gram-negative rods from blood cultures were directly identified by MALDI-TOF. Samples with Enterobacterales were selected for direct antimicrobial susceptibility testing by Vitek 2. The results were compared to those obtained with our laboratory's standard method. Results MALDI-TOF directly from blood cultures identified correctly 83% of the samples. Enterobacterales (n = 68) were identified at gender and species level in 85% of blood cultures with a score >1.7. In…
The genetic architecture of low-temperature adaptation in the wine yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae
2017
[Background] Low-temperature growth and fermentation of wine yeast can enhance wine aroma and make them highly desirable traits for the industry. Elucidating response to cold in Saccharomyces cerevisiae is, therefore, of paramount importance to select or genetically improve new wine strains. As most enological traits of industrial importance in yeasts, adaptation to low temperature is a polygenic trait regulated by many interacting loci.