Search results for "Clarithromycin"
showing 10 items of 35 documents
Infection of the upper extremity by Mycobacterium marinum in a 3-year-old boy--diagnosis by 16S-rDNA analysis.
1996
A 3-year-old boy developed several subcutaneous nodular lesions on his right arm. Based on the histological examination of one of these nodules furunculosis was suspected and cefuroxime was tentatively given. However, acid-fast bacilli were then detected in the tissue specimen and a few colonies of acid fast, gram-positive rods grew on blood agar. Definitive species diagnosis (Mycobacterium marinum) was rapidly achieved by automated sequencing of amplified 16S-rDNA and antimicrobial therapy was adjusted according to the available literature. After 3 weeks of treatment with clarithromycin, rifampicin and protionamid regression of the nodular lesions was evident.
Efficacy and safety of clarithromycin as treatment for Mediterranean spotted fever in children: a randomized controlled trial
2001
Fifty-one children with Mediterranean spotted fever (MSF) were randomized to receive either clarithromycin, 15 mg/kg/ day orally in 2 divided doses, or chloramphenicol, 50 mg/ kg/day orally in 4 divided doses, for 7 days. Mean time to defervescence was 36.7 h in the clarithromycin group and 47.1 h in the chloramphenicol group (P = .047). Clarithromycin could be an acceptable therapeutic alternative to chloramphenicol and to tetracyclines for children aged <8 years with MSF.
In vitro activity of linezolid, clarithromycin and moxifloxacin against clinical isolates of Mycobacterium kansasii
2005
To compare the activity of linezolid with a range of drugs used in the treatment of Mycobacterium kansasii infections.The percentages of resistant isolates against isoniazid, rifampicin and ethambutol were 2.9%, 1.9% and 2.9%, respectively. All isolates were susceptible to clarithromycin and moxifloxacin both with MIC(90) values of 0.125 mg/L. Linezolid was active against all isolates with MIC(50) and MIC(90) values of 0.5 and 1 mg/L, respectively, both below the susceptibility breakpoint established for mycobacteria.Linezolid, clarithromycin or moxifloxacin, could be used as alternative drugs for treatment of infections due to rifampicin-resistant isolates as well as short-course or interm…
Resistance to clarithromycin and genotypes in Helicobacter pylori strains isolated in Sicily
2015
The resistance of Helicobacter pylori strains to clarithromycin is increasing in several developed countries and their association with a genetic pattern circulation has been variously explained as related to different geographical areas. In this study we have reported: the prevalence of the resistance of H. pylori, isolated in Sicily, to clarithromycin; the principal point of mutation associated with this resistance; and the more frequent association between resistance to clarithromycin and cagA, the EPIYA motif, and the vacA and oipA genes. Resistance to clarithromycin was detected in 25 % of cases, the main genetic mutation involved being A2143G. The cagA gene was present in 48 % of case…
CLINICAL FEATURES AND TREATMENT OF MEDITERRANEAN SPOTTED FEVER IN CHILDREN: A PRACTICAL UPDATE FOR THE CLINICIAN
2004
Mediterranean spotted fever (MSF) is a tick-borne disease caused by Rickettsia conorii. It is characterized by the symptomatologic triad of fever, exanthema and «tache noire» – the typical eschar at the site of the tick bite. Oral or parenteral administration of tetracyclines or chloramphenicol represent the standard treatment; however, both these drugs may cause significant adverse effects in children. Recent studies indicate that oral clarithromycin and azithromycin may represent an acceptable alternative for the treatment of children with MSF. There are no data to indicate that antimicrobial prophylaxis is beneficial for tick-bitten patients to prevent MSF. However, in the presence of a …
Comparison of the impact of Helicobacter pylori eradication treatment with bismuth and non-bismuth quadruple regimens on the gut microbiota
2019
Background: Helicobacter pylori eradication requires a combination of antibiotics. The short and long-term effect of different H. pylori eradication regimens on the gut microbiota has received little attention. Aims: To evaluate and compare the impact of the two most frequently recommended first-line H. pylori eradication regimens — bismuth and non-bismuth quadruple regimens — on the gut microbiota. Patients and Methods: Two 14-day quadruple treatments were evaluated and compared: bismuth-based quadruple therapy (proton pump inhibitor, bismuth, tetracycline, and metronidazole) and non-bismuth quadruple “concomitant” therapy (proton pump inhibitor, amoxicillin, clarithromycin and metronidazo…
Drugs Repurposing for Coronavirus Treatment: Computational Study Based On Molecular Topology
2020
The present communication illustrates the results of a computational study based on molecular topology, focused on the repositioning of drugs to treat the SARS-CoV-2 virus, better known as coronavirus, responsible for the COVID-19 disease. Using lopinavir, a well-known viral protease inhibitor as the reference drug, a mathematical pattern is found allowing the screening of the market drugs, searching for potential candidates to inhibit the said enzyme. This way new possible therapeutic alternatives to fight the coronavirus are found. Results indicate that antivirals such as brecanavir, as well as various groups of drugs, among which are antibiotics of the macrolide family (azithromycin, cla…
Macrolides May Prevent Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Entry into Cells: A Quantitative Structure Activity Relationship Study and Exp…
2021
The global pandemic caused by the emerging severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is threatening the health and economic systems worldwide. Despite the enormous efforts of scientists and clinicians around the world, there is still no drug or vaccine available worldwide for the treatment and prevention of the infection. A rapid strategy for the identification of new treatments is based on repurposing existing clinically approved drugs that show antiviral activity against SARS-CoV-2 infection. In this study, after developing a quantitative structure activity relationship analysis based on molecular topology, several macrolide antibiotics are identified as promising SARS-…
Helicobacter pylori first-line and rescue treatments in patients allergic to penicillin: Experience from the European Registry on H pylori management…
2020
Background Experience in Helicobacter pylori eradication treatment of patients allergic to penicillin is very scarce. A triple combination with a PPI, clarithromycin (C), and metronidazole (M) is often prescribed as the first option, although more recently the use of a quadruple therapy with PPI, bismuth (B), tetracycline (T), and M has been recommended. Aim To evaluate the efficacy and safety of first-line and rescue treatments in patients allergic to penicillin in the "European Registry of H pylori management" (Hp-EuReg). Methods A systematic prospective registry of the clinical practice of European gastroenterologists (27 countries, 300 investigators) on the management of H pylori infect…
The impact of antibiotic resistance on the efficacy of three 7-day regimens againstHelicobacter pylori
2000
Background: Antibiotic resistance affects the success of anti-Helicobacter pylori therapies and varies greatly from country to country. Aim: To compare the efficacy of three short-term triple regimens in relation to H. pylori primary resistance in our region. Methods: We enrolled 210 H. pylori-positive dyspeptic patients for this randomized, open, parallel-group study. Three arms of 70 patients each received the following 1-week regimens: (1) ranitidine bismuth citrate 400 mg b.d. + clarithromycin 250 mg b.d. + metronidazole 500 mg b.d. (RCM); (2) bismuth subcitrate 240 mg b.d. + amoxycillin 1000 mg b.d. + metronidazole 500 mg b.d. (BAM); (3) omeprazole 20 mg o.d. + clarithromycin 250 mg b.…