Search results for "Collapse"

On the interlayer spacing collaps of the Cloisite® 30B organoclay

2011

Economic Degrowth and the Collapse of Institutional Order: Theory and Propositions

2022

Integrating insights from new institutional  economics and studies on the collapse of past empires, we sketch a process model that links economic degrowth to the collapse of institutional orders. Our thought experiment starts from emphasizing the importance of institutions and enforcement mechanisms in maintaining a sufficient level of economic activity to sustain public costs. We flip this established logic and elucidate the negative role of economic degrowth in the weakening of the public sector’s ability to enforce institutional rules. Internal and external shocks further shake the stability of the institutional order and, at some point, individuals’ belief in institutional rules and nor…

From the Global Crisis to the National Crises: The Case of the European Union Countries

2013

Abstract The aim of this paper is to examine the way in which the 2007 global financial crisis has emerged into more specific national ones. The interventionist policies responses have led to an intensification of the economic unhealthy situations in some countries of the European Union. At the same time through well-chosen economic policies other countries, managed to escape from the threat of collapse of their national economies.

MULTICRITERIA OPTIMAL DESIGN OF CONTINUOUS CIRCULAR PLATES

2010

The paper is devoted to a quite general version of the multicriteria optimal (minimum volume) design of axisymmetric circular plates. The constitutive material is considered as elastic perfectly plastic without any ductility limit and the actions are assumed as quasi-statically variable within a given load domain. In the design problem formulation different resistance criteria are considered, in order to investigate all the possible structural limit responses, and for each one a suitably chosen safety factor is chosen. The optimal design problem is formulated as the search for the minimum structure volume according with a statical approach. The features of the optimal structures will be stu…

Gradual caldera collapse at Bardarbunga volcano, Iceland, regulated by lateral magma outflow

2016

Large volcanic eruptions on Earth commonly occur with a collapse of the roof of a crustal magma reservoir, forming a caldera. Only a few such collapses occur per century, and the lack of detailed observations has obscured insight into the mechanical interplay between collapse and eruption.We usemultiparameter geophysical and geochemical data to show that the 110-square kilometer and 65-meter-deep collapse of Bárdarbunga caldera in 2014–2015 was initiated through withdrawal of magma, and lateral migration through a 48-kilometers-long dike, from a 12-kilometers deep reservoir. Interaction between the pressure exerted by the subsiding reservoir roof and the physical properties of the subsurfac…

Hand Held 3D Scanning for Cultural Heritage: Experimenting Low Cost Structure Sensor Scan

2017

In the last years 3D scanning has become an important resource in many fields, in particular it has played a key role in study and preservation of Cultural Heritage. Moreover today, thanks to the miniaturization of electronic components, it has been possible produce a new category of 3D scanners, also known as handheld scanners. Handheld scanners combine a relatively low cost with the advantage of the portability. The aim of this chapter is two-fold: first, a survey about the most recent 3D handheld scanners is presented. As second, a study about the possibility to employ the handheld scanners in the field of Cultural Heritage is conducted. In this investigation, a doorway of the Benedictin…

Failure by corrosion in PC bridges: A case history of a viaduct in Italy

2016

Purpose The paper illustrates a viaduct collapse due to corrosion phenomena. Moreover, a contribution to the issues related to both the control of existing structures and design methods to be followed for the construction of new buildings is provided. Design/methodology/approach The objectives were achieved by in situ observations and numerical analyses. The effects of corrosion phenomena are investigated, and the progressive collapse analysis is provided to be helpful in this case. Findings The damages induced by corrosion phenomena have caused the collapse of the viaduct taken in to account. The performed numerical analyses were able to reproduce the effects of corrosion in terms of redu…

Agrigento Cathedral

2015

At present Agrigento Cathedral is affected by extensive damage that seems to be mainly due to partial slumping of the foundation soil. The chapter deals with the state of damage that affects the cathedral and the investigation carried out for the mechanical characterization of the construction, the formulation of an FE model and the assessment of the safety level with respect to the service loads and with respect to exceptional loads like seismic ones. In the chapter the details of the above investigation are discussed, consideration also being given to the monitoring carried out in order to understand whether the phenomenon affecting the cathedral is ongoing. The results of the monitoring …

Estats col · lapsats, les administracions internacionals, l'ocupació i els neo-protectorats

2012

Xerrada sobre els estats col · lapsats, les administracions internacionals, l'ocupació i els neo-protectorats.

Geografie del collasso. L'Antropocene in 9 parole chiave

2021

Covid-19 è il primo grande trauma collettivo dell’Antropocene, una catena di eventi materiali, culturali e sociali che stanno aggredendo il nostro immaginario con un impatto incalcolabile. Un effetto profondo della pandemia sarà costringere l’umanità al prossimo step cognitivo: l’accettazione della fine della pace climatica dell’Olocene. Abbiamo bisogno di tempo, ma il tempo a disposizione è poco. Negare il trauma, fare come l’erbivoro assalito dalla belva che si anestetizza per non vedere la fine è qualcosa che non possiamo permetterci. Dissoluzione degli ecosistemi terrestri, questione animale, mutamento climatico, inquinamento e dissesto demografico, diaspora, populismo, suprematismo, er…